World Development Indicators Variables: G

World Develpment Indicators
Variable List: G

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Last Updated on May 28, 1999

Definitions from World Development Indicators CD-ROM

GDP at factor cost (constant 1987 LCU)

GDP at factor cost is derived as the sum of the value added in the agriculture, industry and services sectors. If the value added of these sectors is calculated at purchaser values (market prices), GDP at factor cost is derived by subtracting net indirect taxes from GDP at purchaser values (market prices). Data are in constant 1987 local currency.

GDP at factor cost (constant 1987 US$)

GDP at factor cost (constant LCU)

GDP at factor cost (current LCU)

GDP at factor cost (current US$)

GDP at market prices (constant 1987 LCU)

GDP at market prices (constant 1987 US$)

GDP measures the total output of goods and services for final use occurring within the domestic territory of a given country, regardless of the allocation to domestic and foreign claims. Gross domestic product at purchaser values (market prices) is the su m of gross value added by all resident and nonresident producers in the economy plus any taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for deple tion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 1987 U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using 1987 official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.1 and 4.2.

GDP at market prices (constant LCU)

GDP at market prices (current LCU)

GDP at market prices (current US$)

GDP measures the total output of goods and services for final use occurring within the domestic territory of a given country, regardless of the allocation to domestic and foreign claims. Gross domestic product at purchaser values (market prices) is the su m of gross value added by all resident and nonresident producers in the economy plus any taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for deple tion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.1 and 4.2.

GDP deflator (1987 = 100)

GDP deflator is defined as the price index that measures the change in the price level of GDP relative to real output. It is calculated using GDP in current and constant 1987 local currency. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.15.

GDP growth (annual %)

Annual percentage growth rate of GDP at market prices based on constant 1987 local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 1987 U.S. dollars. GDP measures the total output of goods and services for final use occurring within the domestic territory of a given country, regardless of the allocation to domestic and foreign claims. Gross domestic product at purchaser values (market prices) is the sum of gross value added by all resident and nonresident producers in the economy plus any taxes and minus any s ubsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.1 and 4.2.

GDP per capita, PPP (constant 1987 international $)

GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). GDP PPP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar in the Unite d States. GDP measures the total output of goods and services for final use occurring within the domestic territory of a given country, regardless of the allocation to domestic and foreign claims. Gross domestic product at purchaser values (market prices) is the sum of gross value added by all resident and nonresident producers in the economy plus any taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 1987 international dollars. For more information see Tables: WDI 4.1, 4.2, 4.10 and 4.11.

GDP per capita, PPP (current international $)

GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). GDP PPP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar in the Unite d States. GDP measures the total output of goods and services for final use occurring within the domestic territory of a given country, regardless of the allocation to domestic and foreign claims. Gross domestic product at purchaser values (market prices) is the sum of gross value added by all resident and nonresident producers in the economy plus any taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars. For more information see Tables: WDI 4.1, 4.2, 4.10 and 4.11.

GDP per unit of energy use (1987 US$ per kg of oil equivalent)

GDP per unit of energy use is the U.S. dollar estimate of real GDP (at 1987 prices) per kilogram of oil equivalent of commercial energy use. Commercial energy use refers to apparent consumption, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and sto ck changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transportation. For more information, see Tables: WDI 3.8.

GDP, PPP (constant 1987 international $)

GDP PPP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar in the United States. GDP measures the total output of goods and se rvices for final use occurring within the domestic territory of a given country, regardless of the allocation to domestic and foreign claims. Gross domestic product at purchaser values (market prices) is the sum of gross value added by all resident and no nresident producers in the economy plus any taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Da ta are in constant international dollars. For more information see Tables: WDI 4.1, 4.2, 4.10 and 4.11.

GDP, PPP (current international $)

GDP PPP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar in the United States. GDP measures the total output of goods and se rvices for final use occurring within the domestic territory of a given country, regardless of the allocation to domestic and foreign claims. Gross domestic product at purchaser values (market prices) is the sum of gross value added by all resident and no nresident producers in the economy plus any taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Da ta are in current international dollars. For more information see Tables: WDI 4.1, 4.2, 4.10 and 4.11.

General government consumption (% of GDP)

General government consumption includes all current expenditures for purchases of goods and services by all levels of government, excluding most government enterprises. It also includes capital expenditure on national defense and security. For more inform ation, see Tables: WDI 4.8.

General government consumption (annual % growth)

Annual percentage growth of general government consumption based on constant 1987 local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 1987 U.S. dollars. General government consumption includes all current expenditures for purchases of goods and services by a ll levels of government, excluding most government enterprises. It also includes capital expenditure on national defense and security. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.9.

General government consumption (constant 1987 LCU)

General government consumption (constant 1987 US$)

General government consumption includes all current spending for purchases of goods and services (including wages and salaries) by all levels of government, excluding most government enterprises. It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security. Data are in constant 1987 U.S. dollars. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.9.

General government consumption (constant LCU)

General government consumption includes all current spending for purchases of goods and services (including wages and salaries) by all levels of government, excluding most government enterprises. It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security. Data are in constant local currency. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.9.

General government consumption (current LCU)

General government consumption includes all current spending for purchases of goods and services (including wages and salaries) by all levels of government, excluding most government enterprises. It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security. Data are in current local currency. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.9.

General government consumption (current US$)

General government consumption includes all current spending for purchases of goods and services (including wages and salaries) by all levels of government, excluding most government enterprises. It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security. Data are in current U.S. dollars. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.9.

GNP at market prices (constant 1987 LCU)

GNP at market prices (constant 1987 US$)

GNP at market prices (constant LCU)

GNP at market prices (current LCU)

GNP at market prices (current US$)

GNP growth (annual %)

Annual growth rate of GNP at market prices based on constant 1987 local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 1987 U.S. dollars. GNP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers plus any taxes (less subsidies) that are not included in th e valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (employee compensation and property income) from nonresident sources. For more information, see Tables: WDI 1.1.

GNP per capita (constant 1987 LCU)

GNP per capita is gross national product divided by midyear population. GNP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers plus any taxes (less subsidies) that are not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (emp loyee compensation and property income) from nonresident sources. Data are in constant 1987 local currency. For more information, see Tables: WDI 1.1.

GNP per capita (constant 1987 US$)

GNP per capita is gross national product divided by midyear population. GNP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers plus any taxes (less subsidies) that are not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (emp loyee compensation and property income) from nonresident sources. Data are in constant 1987 U.S. dollars. For more information, see Tables: WDI 1.1.

GNP per capita growth (annual %)

Annual growth rate of GNP per capita based on constant 1987 local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 1987 U.S. dollars. GNP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers plus any taxes (less subsidies) that are not included in the valu ation of output plus net receipts of primary income (employee compensation and property income) from nonresident sources. For more information, see Tables: WDI 1.1.

GNP per capita, Atlas method (current US$)

GNP per capita is the gross national product, converted to U.S. dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the midyear population. GNP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers plus any taxes (less subsidies) that are not includ ed in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (employee compensation and property income) from nonresident sources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. GNP, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at officia l exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuati ons in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country and the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). For more information, see Tables: WDI 1.1.

GNP per capita, PPP (constant 1987 international $)

GNP per capita is gross national product divided by midyear population. GNP PPP is gross national product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNP as the U.S. do llar in the United States. Data are in constant 1987 international dollars. For more information, see Tables: WDI 1.1, 4.10 and 4.11.

GNP per capita, PPP (current international $)

GNP per capita is gross national product divided by midyear population. GNP PPP is gross national product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNP as the U.S. do llar in the United States. Data are in current international dollars. For more information, see Tables: WDI 1.1, 4.10 and 4.11.

GNP, Atlas method (current US$)

GNP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers plus any taxes (less subsidies) that are not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (employee compensation and property income) from nonresident sources. Data a re in current U.S. dollars. GNP, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge b y an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averag es the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country and the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). For more information, see Tabl es: WDI 1.1.

GNP, PPP (constant 1987 international $)

GNP PPP is gross national product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNP as the U.S. dollar in the United States. GNP is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any taxes (less subsidies) that are not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (employee compensation and property income) from nonresident sources. Data are in constant 1987 international dollars. For more information, see Tables: WDI 1.1, 4.10 and 4.11.

GNP, PPP (current international $)

GNP PPP is gross national product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNP as the U.S. dollar in the United States. GNP is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any taxes (less subsidies) that are not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (employee compensation and property income) from nonresident sources. Data are in current international dollars. For more infor mation, see Tables: WDI 1.1, 4.10 and 4.11.

Goods and services expenditure (% of total expenditure)

Goods and services include all government payments in exchange for goods and services, whether in the form of wages and salaries to employees or other purchases of goods and services. Data are shown for central government only. For more information, see T ables: WDI 4.13.

Goods exports (BoP, current US$)

The category of merchandise has been replaced by a broader category of goods. The new category includes goods previously included in services: goods received or sent for processing and their subsequent export or import in the form of processed goods, repa irs on goods, and goods procured in ports by carriers. Merchandise exports refer to all movable goods (including non-monetary gold) involved in a change of ownership from residents to nonresidents. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.16.

Goods imports (BoP, current US$)

The category of merchandise has been replaced by a broader category of goods. The new category includes goods previously included in services: goods received or sent for processing and their subsequent export or import in the form of processed goods, repa irs on goods, and goods procured in ports by carriers. Merchandise imports refer to all movable goods (including non-monetary gold) involved in a change of ownership from nonresidents to residents. Data are in current U.S. dollars. For more information, s ee Tables: WDI 4.16.

Gross domestic fixed investment (% of GDP)

Gross domestic fixed investment includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including commercial and industrial buildings, offices, scho ols, hospitals, and private residential dwellings. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.8.

Gross domestic fixed investment (annual % growth)

Average annual growth of gross domestic fixed investment based on constant 1987 local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 1987 U.S. dollars. Gross domestic fixed investment includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, mac hinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including commercial and industrial buildings, offices, schools, hospitals, and private residential dwellings. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.8.

Gross domestic fixed investment (constant 1987 LCU)

Gross domestic fixed investment (constant 1987 US$)

Gross domestic fixed investment (constant LCU)

Gross domestic fixed investment (current LCU)

Gross domestic fixed investment (current US$)

Gross domestic income (constant 1987 LCU)

Gross domestic income is derived as the sum of GDP and the terms of trade adjustment. Data are in constant 1987 local currency.

Gross domestic income (constant 1987 US$)

Gross domestic income is derived as the sum of GDP and the terms of trade adjustment. Data are in constant 1987 U.S. dollars.

Gross domestic income (constant LCU)

Gross domestic income is derived as the sum of GDP and the terms of trade adjustment. Data are in constant local currency.

Gross domestic investment (% of GDP)

Gross domestic investment consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in the level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purcha ses; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including commercial and industrial buildings, offices, schools, hospitals, and private residential dwellings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctu ations in production or sales. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.8 and 4.9.

Gross domestic investment (annual % growth)

Annual growth rate of gross domestic investment based on constant 1987 local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 1987 U.S. dollars. Gross domestic investment consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in th e level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including commercial and industrial buildings, offices, schools, hospitals, and private residential dwellings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.8 and 4.9.

Gross domestic investment (constant 1987 LCU)

Gross domestic investment (constant 1987 US$)

Gross domestic investment (constant LCU)

Gross domestic investment (current LCU)

Gross domestic investment (current US$)

Gross domestic savings (% of GDP)

Gross domestic savings are calculated as the difference between GDP and total consumption. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.8.

Gross domestic savings (constant 1987 LCU)

Gross domestic savings are calculated as the difference between GDP and total consumption. Data are in constant 1987 local currency. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.8.

Gross domestic savings (constant 1987 US$)

Gross domestic savings are calculated as the difference between GDP and total consumption. Data are in constant 1987 U.S. dollars. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.8.

Gross domestic savings (constant LCU)

Gross domestic savings are calculated as the difference between GDP and total consumption. Data are in constant local currency. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.8.

Gross domestic savings (current LCU)

Gross domestic savings are calculated as the difference between GDP and total consumption. Data are in current local currency. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.8.

Gross domestic savings (current US$)

Gross domestic savings are calculated as the difference between GDP and total consumption. Data are in current U.S. dollars. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.8.

Gross foreign direct investment (% of GDP, PPP)

Gross foreign direct investment is the sum of the absolute values of inflows and outflows of foreign direct investment recorded in the balance of payments financial account. It includes equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, an d short-term capital. Note that this indicator differs from the standard measure of foreign direct investment (see table 6.8), which captures only inward investment. The indicator is calculated as a ratio to GDP converted to international dollars using pu rchasing power parities (see Tables: WDI 4.10 and 4.11 for a discussion of PPP). For more information, see Tables: WDI 6.1.

Gross international reserves (current US$)

Gross international reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices ($589.50 an ounce in 1980 and $369.25 an ounce in 1996). Data are in current U.S. dollars. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.16.

Gross international reserves in months of imports

Gross international reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights (SDRs), the reserve position of members in the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices ($589.50 an ounce in 1980 and $369.25 an ounce in 1996). This item shows reserves expressed in terms of the number of months of imports of goods and services which could be paid for. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.16.

Gross national income (constant 1987 LCU)

Gross national income is derived as the sum of GNP and the terms of trade adjustment. Data are in constant 1987 local currency.

Gross national income (constant 1987 US$)

Gross national income is derived as the sum of GNP and the terms of trade adjustment. Data are in constant 1987 U.S. dollars.

Gross national income (constant LCU)

Gross national income is derived as the sum of GNP and the terms of trade adjustment. Data are in constant local currency.

Gross national savings, including NCTR (% of GDP)

Gross national savings including net current transfers is equal to gross domestic savings plus net income and net current transfers from abroad.

Gross national savings, including NCTR (% of GNP)

Gross national savings, including net current transfers is equal to gross domestic savings plus net income and net current transfers from abroad.

Gross national savings, including NCTR (constant LCU)

Gross national savings, including net current transfers is equal to gross domestic savings plus net income and net current transfers from abroad. Data are in constant local currency.

Gross national savings, including NCTR (current LCU)

Gross national savings including net current transfers is equal to gross domestic savings plus net income and net current transfers from abroad. Data are in current local currency.

Gross national savings, including NCTR (current US$)

Gross national savings including net current transfers is equal to gross domestic savings plus net income and net current transfers from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Gross private capital flows (% of GDP, PPP)

Gross private capital flows are the sum of the absolute values of direct, portfolio, and other investment inflows and outflows recorded in the balance of payments financial account, excluding changes in the assets and liabilities of monetary authorities a nd general government. The indicator is calculated as a ratio to GDP converted to international dollars using purchasing power parities (see Tables: WDI 4.10 and 4.11 for a discussion of PPP). For more information, see Tables: WDI 6.1.

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