Safe water (% of population with access)

Access to safe water is the share of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of safe water (including treated surface water and untreated but uncontaminated water, such as from springs, sanitary wells, and protected boreholes). In urba n areas the source may be a public fountain or standpost located not more than 200 meters away. In rural areas the definition implies that members of the household do not have to spend a disproportionate part of the day fetching water. An adequate amount of water is that needed to satisfy metabolic, hygienic, and domestic requirements, usually about 20 liters of safe water a person per day. The definition of safe water has changed over time. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.14.

Safe water, rural (% of rural population with access)

Access to safe water is the share of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of safe water (including treated surface water and untreated but uncontaminated water, such as from springs, sanitary wells, and protected boreholes). In rura l areas the definition implies that members of the household do not have to spend a disproportionate part of the day fetching water. An adequate amount of water is that needed to satisfy metabolic, hygienic, and domestic requirements, usually about 20 lit ers of safe water a person per day. The definition of safe water has changed over time. For more information, see Tables: WDI 3.5.

Safe water, urban (% of urban population with access)

Access to safe water is the share of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of safe water (including treated surface water and untreated but uncontaminated water, such as from springs, sanitary wells, and protected boreholes). In urba n areas the source may be a public fountain or standpost located not more than 200 meters away. An adequate amount of water is that needed to satisfy metabolic, hygienic, and domestic requirements, usually about 20 liters of safe water a person per day. T he definition of safe water has changed over time. For more information, see Tables: WDI 3.5.

Sanitation (% of population with access)

Access to sanitation refers to the share of the population with at least adequate excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Suitable facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with sewerage. To be effective, all facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.14.

Sanitation, urban (% of urban population with access)

Access to sanitation in urban areas is the urban population served by connections to public sewers or household systems such as pit privies, pour-flush latrines, septic tanks, communal toilets, and other such facilities. For more information, see Tables: WDI 3.10.

School enrollment, preprimary (% gross)

Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Estimates are based on UNESCO's classification of education levels. Preprimary prov ides education for children not old enough to enter school at the first level. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.10.

School enrollment, primary (% gross)

Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Estimates are based on UNESCO's classification of education levels. Primary, or fir st level, provides the basic elements of education at elementary or primary school. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.10.

School enrollment, primary (% net)

Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of the number of children of official school age (as defined by the education system) enrolled in school to the number of children of official school age in the population. Primary provides the basic elements of education at elementary or primary schools. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.10.

School enrollment, primary, female (% gross)

Gross enrollment ratio (female) is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Estimates are based on UNESCO's classification of education levels. Primar y, or first level, provides the basic elements of education at elementary or primary school. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.10.

School enrollment, primary, female (% net)

Net enrollment (female) ratio is the ratio of the number of children of official school age (as defined by the education system) enrolled in school to the number of children of official school age in the population. Primary provides the basic elements of education at elementary or primary schools. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.10.

School enrollment, primary, male (% gross)

Gross enrollment ratio (male) is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Estimates are based on UNESCO's classification of education levels. Primary, or first level, provides the basic elements of education at elementary or primary school. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.10.

School enrollment, primary, male (% net)

Net enrollment (male) ratio is the ratio of the number of children of official school age (as defined by the education system) enrolled in school to the number of children of official school age in the population. Primary provides the basic elements of ed ucation at elementary or primary schools. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.10.

School enrollment, secondary (% gross)

Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Estimates are based on UNESCO's classification of education levels. Secondary provi des general or specialized instruction at middle, secondary, or high schools, teacher training schools, vocational or technical schools; this level of education is based on at least four years of instruction at the first level. For more information, see T ables: WDI 2.10.

School enrollment, secondary (% net)

Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of the number of children of official school age (as defined by the education system) enrolled in school to the number of children of official school age in the population. Secondary provides general or specialized instru ction at middle, secondary, or high schools, teacher training schools, and vocational or technical schools; this level of education is based on at least four years of instruction at the primary level. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.10.

School enrollment, secondary, female (% gross)

Gross enrollment (female) ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Estimates are based on UNESCO's classification of education levels. Second ary provides general or specialized instruction at middle, secondary, or high schools, teacher training schools, vocational or technical schools; this level of education is based on at least four years of instruction at the first level. For more informati on, see Tables: WDI 2.10.

School enrollment, secondary, female (% net)

Net enrollment (female) ratio is the ratio of the number of children of official school age (as defined by the education system) enrolled in school to the number of children of official school age in the population. Secondary provides general or specializ ed instruction at middle, secondary, or high schools, teacher training schools, and vocational or technical schools; this level of education is based on at least four years of instruction at the primary level. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.10.

School enrollment, secondary, male (% gross)

Gross enrollment (male) ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Estimates are based on UNESCO's classification of education levels. Secondar y provides general or specialized instruction at middle, secondary, or high schools, teacher training schools, vocational or technical schools; this level of education is based on at least four years of instruction at the first level. For more information , see Tables: WDI 2.10.

School enrollment, secondary, male (% net)

Net enrollment (male) ratio is the ratio of the number of children of official school age (as defined by the education system) enrolled in school to the number of children of official school age in the population. Secondary provides general or specialized instruction at middle, secondary, or high schools, teacher training schools, and vocational or technical schools; this level of education is based on at least four years of instruction at the primary level. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.10.

School enrollment, tertiary (% gross)

Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Estimates are based on UNESCO's classification of education levels. Tertiary requir es, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the second level or evidence of attainment of an equivalent level of knowledge and is provided at a university, teachers college, or higher-level professional school. For m ore information, see Tables: WDI 2.10.

Scientists and engineers in R&D (per million people)

Scientists and engineers in R&D are people trained to work in any field of science who are engaged in professional R&D activity (including administrators). Most such jobs require completion of tertiary education. For more information, see Tables: WDI 5.12 .

Secondary education, general pupils

Secondary general education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at this level in public and private schools but may exclude certain specialized schools and training programs. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.12.

Secondary education, general pupils (% female)

Female pupils as the percentage of total pupils at secondary general level includes enrollments in public and private schools but may exclude certain specialized schools and training programs. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.12.

Secondary education, general teachers

Secondary general education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.12.

Secondary education, general teachers (% female)

Female teachers as the percentage of total secondary general education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.12.

Secondary education, vocational pupils

Secondary vocational education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at this level in public and private schools but may exclude certain specialized schools and training programs. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.12.

Secondary education, vocational pupils (% female)

Female pupils as the percentage of total pupils at secondary vocational level includes enrollments in public and private schools but may exclude certain specialized schools and training programs. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.12.

Secondary education, vocational teachers

Secondary vocational education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.12.

Secondary education, vocational teachers (% female)

Female teachers as the percentage of total secondary vocational education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.12.

Service exports (BoP, current US$)

Services (previously nonfactor services) refer to economic output of intangible commodities that may be produced, transferred, and consumed at the same time. International transactions in services are defined by the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (1993) , but definitions may nevertheless vary among reporting economies. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.6.

Service imports (BoP, current US$)

Services (previously nonfactor services) refer to economic output of intangible commodities that may be produced, transferred, and consumed at the same time. International transactions in services are defined by the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (1993) , but definitions may nevertheless vary among reporting economies. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.7.

Services, etc., value added (% of GDP)

Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99 and they include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real e state services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all out puts and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.1 and 4.2.

Services, etc., value added (annual % growth)

Annual growth rate for value added in services based on constant 1987 local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 1987 U.S. dollars. Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted b y national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated asse ts or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.1 and 4.2.

Services, etc., value added (constant 1987 LCU)

Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real esta te services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all output s and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Ind ustrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2. Data are in constant 1987 local currency. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.1 and 4.2.

Services, etc., value added (constant 1987 US$)

Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real esta te services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all output s and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Ind ustrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2. Data are in constant 1987 U.S. dollars. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.1 and 4.2.

Services, etc., value added (constant LCU)

Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real esta te services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all output s and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Ind ustrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2. Data are in constant local currency. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.1 and 4.2.

Services, etc., value added (current LCU)

Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real esta te services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all output s and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Ind ustrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2. Data are in current local currency. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.1 and 4.2.

Services, etc., value added (current US$)

Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real esta te services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all output s and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Ind ustrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2. Data are in current U.S. dollars. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.1 and 4.2.

Short-term debt (% of total external debt)

Short-term debt includes all debt having an original maturity of one year or less and interest in arrears on long-term debt. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.18.

Social security taxes (% of current revenue)

Social security taxes include employer and employee social security contributions and those of self-employed and unemployed people. Current revenue includes all revenue from taxes and nonrepayable receipts (other than grants) from the sale of land, intang ible assets, government stocks, or fixed capital assets, or from capital transfers from nongovernmental sources. It also includes fines, fees, recoveries, inheritance taxes, and nonrecurrent levies on capital. Data are shown for central government only. F or more information, see Tables: WDI 4.14.

SOE credit (% of gross domestic credit)

Credit is credit extended to state enterprises by domestic financial institutions. For more information, see Tables: WDI 5.8.

SOE economic activity (% of GDP)

Economic activity is the value added of state enterprises, estimated as their sales revenue minus the cost of their intermediate inputs, or as the sum of their operating surplus (balance) and wage payments. For more information, see Tables: WDI 5.8.

SOE employment (% of total)

Employment for many countries refers to the share of full-time state enterprise employees in total formal sector employment only, but for some it refers to employment in all state enterprises, including financial ones. Thus the data for state enterprise e mployment are not directly comparable. For more information, see Tables: WDI 5.8.

SOE investment (% of GDI)

Investment refers to fixed capital formation by state enterprises. For more information, see Tables: WDI 5.8.

SOE net financial flows from government (% of GDP)

Net financial flows from government is the difference between total financial flows from the government to state enterprises (including government loans, equity, and subsidies) and total flows from state enterprises to the government (including dividends and taxes). Taxes paid by state enterprises are treated as a transfer of financial resources to the government. For more information, see Tables: WDI 5.8.

SOE overall balance before transfers (% of GDP)

Overall balance before transfers is the sum of net operating and net nonoperating revenues minus net capital expenditure. Net operating revenues (or operating surplus or balance) refer to gross operating profits, or operating revenues, minus the cost of i ntermediate inputs, wages, factor rentals and depreciation. For more information, see Tables: WDI 5.8.

Spending on teaching materials, primary (% of primary total)

Spending on teaching materials is the ratio of public expenditure on teaching materials to total public expenditure on education for the level shown. Expenditure on teaching materials includes purchases of textbooks, books, and other scholastic supplies. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.9.

Spending on teaching materials, secondary (% of secondary total)

Spending on teaching materials is the ratio of public expenditure on teaching materials to total public expenditure on education for the level shown. Expenditure on teaching materials includes purchases of textbooks, books, and other scholastic supplies. For more information, see Tables: WDI 2.9.

Stocks traded, total value (% of GDP)

Stocks traded refers to the total value of shares traded during the period. For more information, see Tables: WDI 5.2.

Stocks traded, turnover ratio (%)

Turnover ratio is the total value of shares traded during the period divided by the average market capitalization for the period. Average market capitalization is calculated as the average of the end-of-period values for the current period and the previou s period. For more information, see Tables: WDI 5.2.

Subsidies and other current transfers (% of total expenditure)

Subsidies and other current transfers include all unrequited, nonrepayable transfers on current account to private and public enterprises, and the cost of covering the cash operating deficits of departmental enterprise sales to the public. Data are shown for central government only. For more information, see Tables: WDI 4.13.

Grace York, Documents Center
Documents Center
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