Urban Planning 584: Economic Development Planning
College of Architecture + Urban Planning
University Of Michigan, Winter 2024
Mon & Wed 8:30 am - 10:00 am* (*yes, an early start to the morning: ok to bring coffee/tea to class!)
Art & Architecture Building, Room 2213 (second floor, on the same hall as the Media Center and faculty/staff lounge)

modified: Wednesday, April 10, 2024

links:
course overview
• assignments
terms / concepts
• Canvas
• EBooks
• shared class google folder

student-created blogs:
gentrification
arts & economic development

student-created maps:
boomtowns and shrinking cities
examples of TIFs, BIDs, EZs, and other place-based economic development strategies

quick links

growth, decline, gentrification
Jan 17 - 24

methods
Jan 31 - Feb 5

Equitable Econ Dev
Mar 6 - 11

Assignments

3. Portrait (Apr 17)
4. One-pager (Apr 22)
5. Final Essay (Apr 29)

Jan 10: Course Introduction

[introductions of instructor and students; format and themes of course; short lecture on economic development planning; see also the link to course overview]

useful readings as an introduction to the field:
Blakely, Edward James, and Nancey Green Leigh. 2010. Planning local economic development: theory and practice. 5th ed. Los Angeles: Sage. [Chapters 1,3]

Galbraith, John Kenneth. "The Proper Purpose of Economic Development," in The Essential Galbraith . Boston: Mariner Books, 2001, pp. 109-117.

Rubin, Herbert J. "Shoot Anything That Flies; Claim Anything That Falls: Conversations With Economic Development Practitioners." Economic Development
Quarterly, Vol. 2, No. 3, 1988, pp. 236-251.

Glaeser, Edward L. "Why Economists Still Like Cities." City Journal, Vol. 6, No. 2, 1996, pp. 70-77.

-> In class discussion on characteristics of a strong versus vulnerable local economies. see class google folder [link to be added]  

no class Jan 15: please attend the Martin Luther King Jr. events across campus 

Growth, Development, Gentrification, Decline, CRISIS

Jan 17: Can Cities Grow Too Fast? Economic Development in Boomtowns and Rapidly Growing Megacities

Broadway, M. J. and D. D. Stull. 2006. Meat processing and Garden City, KS: boom and bust. Journal of Rural Studies 22: 55-66.

Brown, Chip. 2013. "North Dakota Went Boom," The New York Times. Jan 31. [link] [images + audio]
see also this BBC report on Williston, ND: Jude Sheerin and Anna Bressanin, "North Dakota oil boom: American Dream on ice," (BBC News).

Campanella, Thomas J. 2008. Concrete Dragon : China's Urban Revolution and What it Means for the World. New York, NY, USA: Princeton Architectural Press. (Introduction: "The Urbanism of Ambition" and Epilogue: "China Reinvents the City") [eBook]

The Guardian: The rise of megacities – interactive [link] and Shanghai in pictures + "Walking Shanghai: from the 14th century to the future"

see also:
listen to this fascinating podcast: "Dollar Store Town: Inside the World's Biggest Wholesale Market" (http://99percentinvisible.org) about the International Trade Market (Futian market), Yiwu, China. (see also: Guillermo Ruiz-Stovel, 2010, The View from the Bottom: How Small Businessmen Learned to Love Yiwu).
Paul G. Lewis, and Max Neiman. American Governance and Public Policy: Custodians of Place : Governing the Growth and Development of Cities. Washington, DC, USA: Georgetown University Press, 2009. [EBooks] (Chapter 3 What Type of City to Be? Evaluating Different Kinds of Growth)
Krauss, Clifford. 2015. On to Plan B as Oil Work Stalls in Texas, The New York Times, Jan 19. [link]
Jasper, James M.. 2002. Restless Nation : Starting Over in America. University of Chicago Press. (Ch 4: "Boom Land") [EBooks]
Engelhardt, Carroll. 2007. Gateway to the Northern Plains : Railroads and the Birth of Fargo and Moorhead. University of Minnesota Press. [EBooks]
Friedmann, John. 2005. China's Urban Transition. University of Minnesota Press. [EBooks]
Yusuf, Shahid Saich, Anthony. 2008. China Urbanizes : Consequences, Strategies, and Policies. Herndon, VA: World Bank Publications. (esp. Chapter 5: Finance for Urban Centers)[EBooks]
Black, Brian . 2000. Petrolia : The Landscape of America's First Oil Boom. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.[EBooks]

[map of student examples of growing and shrinking cities, including entries from both this year's and past years' classes] [link to be added]

Jan 22: Shrinking Cities: Growing Too Slowly

Flammang, R. A. 1979. “Economic growth and economic development: Counterparts or competitors?” Economic Development and Cultural Change 28, 47-62

Alan Mallach (ed). Rebuilding America's Legacy Cities: New Directions for the Industrial Heartland. Center for Community Progress. (selected chapters: Introduction, Chs. 1, 3, 7, 10, 11.)

Dewar, M.E. and J.M. Thomas eds. 2013. The city after abandonment. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. (Chapter 13. Planning for Better, Smaller Places After Population Loss: Lessons from Youngstown and Flint, by Margaret Dewar, Christina Kelly, and Hunter Morrison) [EBooks]

--> Please review this "shrinking cities scenario" before class: we will use this in our small group-breakout room session.

see also:
Center for Community Progress publications
Legacy Cities Partnership

Malizia, E., Feser, E.J., Renski, H., & Drucker, J. (2020). Understanding Local Economic Development: Second Edition (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi-org.proxy.lib.umich.edu/10.4324/9780367815134 [Chapter 2: "Definitions and Concepts of Development"]
Leaner, Greener Detroit:  A Report by the American Institute of Architects. Sustainable Design Assessment Team, Detroit, Michigan October 30-November 1, 2008. [link] updated
Bruce Katz and Jennifer Bradley.  2009.   The Detroit Project:  A plan for solving America’s greatest urban disaster.  The New Republic.   December 9.   [link]
Galster, George. 2012. Metropolitan Portraits : Driving Detroit : The Quest for Respect in the Motor City. Publisher: Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. (esp. chapter 9, "The Dynamics of Decay, Abandonment, and Bankruptcy") [EBooks]
Barrow, Heather B. 2004. "'The American Disease of Growth': Henry Ford and the Metropolitanization of Detroit, 1920 - 1940." In Manufacturing Suburbs : Building Work and Home on the Metropolitan Fringe, edited by Robert Lewis. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. [EBooks]
Sugrue, Thomas J. 1998. The Origins of the Urban Crisis. Princeton: Princeton Univ Press. [excerpt: chapter 5] [a copy also in Ebooks]
Martelle, Scott. 2012. Detroit : A Biography. Chicago: Chicago Review Press. [EBooks]
Herscher, Andrew. 2012. The Unreal Estate Guide to Detroit. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. [EBooks]

Jan 24: The Janus Face of Gentrification: causes and consequences

Marketplace, York & Fig: at the Intersection of Change [wonderful multimedia -- be sure to listen to the audio stories] [UPDATED LINK]

Schwarz, Benjamin. 2010. Gentrification and Its Discontents: Manhattan never was what we think it was. The Atlantic, May 11.

Hackworth, Jason, and Neil Smith. 2001. "The changing state of gentrification." Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie 92 (4):464-477.

Peter Moskowitz. 2015. The two Detroits: a city both collapsing and gentrifying at the same time. The Guardian. Feb 5. [link]

Jana Kasperkevicz. 2014. Study of poverty-ridden neighborhoods shows gentrification is not ruining enough of America. The Guardian. Dec 10. [link]

see also:
Lei Ding and Jackelyn Hwang. 2022. Has COVID Reversed Gentrification in Major U.S. Cities? An Empirical Examination of Residential Mobility in Gentrifying Neighborhoods During the COVID-19 Crisis. Working Paper 22-20, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, August 2022. [link]
Freeman, Lance. 2006. There Goes the 'Hood : Views of Gentrification from the Ground Up. Philadelphia, PA, USA: Temple University Press. [EBooks]
Hector Tobar. 2015. Viva Gentrification! the New York Times, March 21. [link]
Casey Parks. 2015. Portland gentrification video: 'This is painful, but we can do something'. Oregon Live, March 17. [link] see also: Ifanyi Bell, The Air I Breathe: Growing up tolerated and underestimated in Portland (2014).
Brock Winstead. 2015. There Goes the Neighborhood, Again: A gentrifier digs deep into his new home's past in pursuit of its true historic owners. Slate, Feb 9. [link]
Lisa Bates. 2013. Gentrification and Displacement Study: implementing an equitable inclusive development strategy in the context of gentrification. Commissioned by City of Portland, Bureau of Planning and Sustainability. May 18. [link].
Jackelyn Hwang. 2016. Gentrification without Segregation: Race and Renewal in a Diversifying City. Harvard Joint Center for Housing Studies Working Paper, May. [link] (added Jan 18)
Ghertner, D. Asher. 2015. "Why gentrification theory fails in 'much of the world'." City 19 (4):552-563. (added Jan 26)

see (and contribute to) the class web page of gentrification examples

Substance and Image

Jan 29: Place Marketing/Place Branding: Introduction, Concepts and the Politics of Selling Places -- or, how do cities pivot, restructure and reposition themselves?

Ward, Stephen V. 1998. Selling Places : The Marketing and Promotion of Towns and Cities, 1850-2000. Routledge. [Ch. 9] [in Canvas; see also google books -- limited view]

see also:
Kavaratzis, M., & Ashworth, G. (2008). Place marketing: How did we get here and where are we going? Journal of Place Management and Development, 1(2), 150-165.
Eisenschitz, A. (2010). Neo-liberalism and the future of place marketing. Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 6(2), 79-86.
John R. Mullin. "From Mill Town to Mill Town: The Transition of a New England Town from a Textile to a High Tech Economy"
Rennen, Ward. 2007. CityEvents : Place Selling in a Media Age. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. [EBooks]
Valerie Vande Panne. 2016. Welcome to the Multimillion-Dollar Business of Selling U.S. Cities. Next City. Nov. 28.
Berg, P. O., and Björner, E., eds. 2014. Branding Chinese Mega-Cities : Policies, Practices and Positioning. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. [EBooks]
Musterd, Sako, Kovács, Zoltán, and Kovcs, Zoltn, eds. 2013. Place-Making and Policies for Competitive Cities. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons. [eBooks]
Broudehoux, Anne-Marie. 2004. The Making and Selling of Post-Mao Beijing. London: Taylor and Francis. [eBooks]
Bickford-Smith, V. (2009). Creating a City of the Tourist Imagination: The Case of Cape Town, `The Fairest Cape of Them All’. Urban Studies, 46(9), 1763–1785. [UM library link to article]

Methods of Analysis and Evaluation

Jan 31: Common Methods and Data Sources to Analyze Local Economies (including economic base and multipliers; industry versus occupation; location quotients; economic impact evaluation)

Davis, H. Craig “Economic Base Analysis” Regional Impact Analysis and Project Evaluation, Chapter 2 (also in Ebooks) [you might also tour some of the other chapters to get a sense of the range of methods and strategies to measure impact]

Isserman, Andrew M. 2000. Economic base studies for urban and regional planning. Pp. 174-193 In Rodwin and Sanyal, eds. The Profession of City Planning: Changes, Images, and Challenges, 1950-2000. New Brunswick, NJ: Center for Urban Policy Research.

Stevens, Benjamin and Lahr, Michael. 1988. “Regional Economic Multipliers: Definition, Measurement, and Application.” EDQ 2,1: 88-96.

Optional/background readings:

Tiebout, Charles M. "Exports and Regional Economic Growth." Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 64, No. 2, April 1956, pp. 160-164.

North, Douglass C. "Location Theory and Regional Economic Growth." Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 63, No. 3, June 1955, pp. 243-258.

Also: an overview of Assignment 3 (Local Economic Portraits), including sharing ideas for case studies.

Feb 5: Economic Impact Studies: the Good, the Bad, the Deceptive

We will use the example of the State of Michigan's brief efforts (ca. 2008 - 2015) to attract the movie industry to the state as a case study of EIA. Be ready to critique its methods and conclusions. (Note: there are some efforts underway to bring back film subsidies to the state. Here's a Detroit Free Press story.)

Please read these two studies:
Robert Tannerwald, State Film Subsidies: Not Much Bang for Too Many Bucks, Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, (Dec. 9, 2010) [link]
David Zin, Film Incentives in Michigan, Issue paper, Senate Fiscal Agency, September 2010. [link]

If you have time, these are also worthwhile readings:

• Steven R. Miller and Abdul Abdulkadri, The Economic Impact of Michigan’s Motion Picture Production Industry and the Michigan Motion Picture Production Credit, Center for Economic Analysis, Michigan State University, February 6, 2009 [link]
• Michael D. LaFaive, Flawed MSU Film Subsidy Report Misleads Taxpayers,Viewpoint on Public Issues, July 6, 2009 (No. 2009-19), Mackinac Center for Public Policy. [link to web page; pdf version of report]
• Philips, Andrew, Robert Cline and William Fox. Evaluating the effectiveness of state film tax credit programs: Issues that need to be considered. Commissioned by Motion Picture Association of America. N.P.: Ernst & Young, 2012.
• Preston, P. (2013). "If you scale back now, you probably lose everything": State tax incentives and the motion picture industry. MEIEA Journal, 13(1), 181-205.
• Davis, H. Craig. 1990. Regional Economic Impact Analysis and Project Evaluation. Vancouver: UBC Press. [Ebook]

Feb 7: Place Marketing/Place Branding: Student Examples

Each of you is to locate an interesting example of place marketing and provide a brief analysis in class (ca. 2 minutes). Be ready to evaluate/critique the image and place it in context.

Task for class: please find an example of "place marketing" / place branding. (print, web, video).
Create a slide of your image(s) and upload it to the class google slide file created for this task. (Note: if you find several compelling examples, it's ok to include several slides.)
(NOTE: If you want to instead show a dynamic web page that is better shown directly on a browser than via google slides, then create a slide in the above file with a link to the web page.)

Be sure to include on the slide:

• your name
• the source of the images
• and if not obvious from the slide itself, the location of the image

[for full instructions, see assignment page]

Sustainable, Resilient Cities

Feb 12: Sustainable Economic Development & Green Jobs: An Oxymoron or Win-Win? 

Tumber, C. (2013). Fields, Factories, and Workshops: Green Economic Development on the Smaller-Metro Scale. in S. M. Wachter & K. A. Zeuli (Eds.), The City in the Twenty-First Century : Revitalizing American Cities (pp. 224-241). Philadelphia, PA, USA: University of Pennsylvania Press. [EBooks] see also this video lecture by Tumber, and her own full length book below)

Hess, D. J. (2012). Urban and Industrial Environments Series: Good Green Jobs in a Global Economy : Making and Keeping New Industries in the United States. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press. (Chapter 5: The Greening of Regional Industrial Clusters) [EBooks]

Campbell, Scott. 2016. The Planner's Triangle Revisited: Sustainability and the Evolution of a Planning Ideal That Can't Stand Still, Journal of the American Planning Association, 82-4, 388-397 

Agyeman, J. (2005). Sustainable Communities and the Challenge of Environmental Justice. New York, NY, USA: New York University Press (NYU Press). (Ch. 4 Just Sustainability in Practice, pp. 107-132). [EBooks]

Oden, M. D. (2010). Equity: The Forgotten E in Sustainable Development. In S. A. Moore (Ed.), Pragmatic sustainability : theoretical and practical tools (1st ed., pp. 31-49). London ; New York, NY: Routledge.

see also:
Agyeman, J., Bullard, R., & Evans, B. (Eds.). (2002). Just Sustainabilities : Development in an Unequal World. London, GBR: Earthscan. [EBooks]
Tumber, C. (2011). Small, Gritty, and Green : The Promise of America's Smaller Industrial Cities in a Low-Carbon World. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press. [EBooks]
Power, Thomas Michael. 1996. Lost Landscapes and Failed Economies: The Search for a Value of Place. Washington, D.C., Covelo, CA Island Press. (Ch. 1: "Thinking About the Local Economy" pp. 7-28; Ch. 3. "Demystifying Local Economic Change" pp. 57-88).
Hayward, Steven F. "A Sensible Environmentalism." Public Interest, Vol. 151, No. Spring, 2003, pp. 62-74.
Fitzgerald, Joan and Nancey Green Leigh. 2002. “Introduction” and “Redefining the Field of Local Economic Development.” In Economic Revitalization: Cases and Strategies for City and Suburb. London: Sage Publications.
Oden, Michael and Robert Young. 2014. Has Green Industry Development Died on the Vine?: Performance and Prospects for Green Industry Development, paper presented at the Association of Collegiate Schools of Planning Annual Conference, Oct 30 – Nov 2, 2014, Philadelphia.
Douglas, Ian. 2013. Cities: An Environmental History. London, GBR: I.B. Tauris. (Ch 10. Urban Sustainability: Cities for Future Generations) [EBooks] - NOT currently available
G. Rendell. 2012. Sustainability's not a subject. Inside Higher Ed. January 31. [link]
Chapple, K. (2015). Planning sustainable cities and regions : towards more equitable development. London, New York: Routledge. [in Canvas]
Kian Goh (2020) Planning the Green New Deal- Climate Justice and the Politics of Sites and Scales, Journal of the American Planning Association, 86-2.

Feb 14: Resilient Cities / Fragile Cities

Resilience, like sustainability, has entered our vocabulary to describe a positive characteristic of a system (see this google ngram graphic of the two interrelated terms). Resilience is an appealing trait: the ability to recover from a shock (natural disaster, economic crisis, war, factory closing, pandemic, etc.). We explore the current focus on building resilient local & regional economies.

Foster, Kathryn. 2007. Snapping Back: What Makes Regions Resilient? National Civic Review.

Vale, Lawrence J., and Thomas J. Campanella. 2005. Resilient City: How Modern Cities Recover from Disaster. Cary, NC, USA: Oxford University Press. [selections: Introduction; Chs. 1, 3, 5, 9, Conclusion] [EBooks]

see also:

Texas as a recent case study of the challenges in making cities and regions resilient (in the face of hurricanes, cold weather-induced power outages, heatwaves, large population growth, inadequate investment in public infrastructure). a few articles: Through Chattering Teeth, Texans Criticize Extended Power Outages (NY Times 16Feb2021); A Glimpse of America’s Future: Climate Change Means Trouble for Power Grids (NY Times 16Feb2021);

Resilient Cities series. The Guardian,
100 Resilient Cities (Rockefeller Foundation)
Resilient Cities Network
Urban Resilience Research Network • story: "The Resilience Machine"
articles in Planning Theory & Practice (Vol. 13, No. 2) on resilience [link]

Sectors of the Post-Industrial City: Tourism, Arts and Sports

Feb 19: The Tourist City: Fragile Economic Strategy or Path to Growth?

Loukaitou-Sideris, A. and K. Soureli (2012). "Cultural Tourism as an Economic Development Strategy for Ethnic Neighborhoods." Economic Development Quarterly 26(1): 50-72.

Sandercock, Leonie and Kim Dovey. 2002. Pleasure, politics, and the "public interest": Melbourne's riverscape revitalization. Journal of the American Planning Association. Spring 2002; 68, pp 151-64.

Moehring, Eugene. 2002. Growth, Services, and the Political Economy of Gambling in Las Vegas, 1970– 2000, in Rothman, Hal and Mike Davis (eds). 2002. THE Grit Beneath the Glitter: Tales from the Real Las Vegas. University of California Press. (pp. 73-98) [EBooks]

OPTIONAL: see also these recent readings on the impact of COVID-19 on tourism:

Gian Maria Milesi-Ferretti. 2021. The COVID-19 travel shock hit tourism-dependent economies hard. Brookings. [newly added]
UN World Tourism Organization: Secretary-General’s Policy Brief on Tourism and COVID-19.
World Economic Impact: COVID-19 could set the global tourism industry back 20 years
OECD: Rebuilding tourism for the future: COVID-19 policy responses and recovery
WTO: Tourism-dependent economies are among those harmed the most by the pandemic
Patrick McGeehan. 2020. Tourism, Engine for N.Y.C. Economy, May Not Fully Recover Until 2025. New York Times. Nov 16.
Amanda Rosa. 2020. What to Know About the Future of Tourism in N.Y.C.. New York Times. Nov 18.

other optional reading:

Hospers, Gert-Jan. 2010. 'Lynch's The Image of the City after 50 Years: City Marketing Lessons from an Urban Planning Classic', European Planning Studies, 18: 12, 2073 — 2081.Bickford-Smith, Vivian. 2009. Creating a City of the Tourist Imagination: The Case of Cape Town, `The Fairest Cape of Them All' Urban Studies 46: 1763
Russ Buettner and Charles V. Bagli. 2016. How Donald Trump Bankrupted His Atlantic City Casinos, but Still Earned Millions. The New York Times, June 11.
End of the Boardwalk empire? The rise and demise of Atlantic City, The Guardian, 4 Nov 2014.

Feb 21: Arts and Economic Development

Currid, Elizabeth. How Art and Culture Happen in New York: Implications for Urban Economic Development. Journal of the American Planning Association 73. 4 (Autumn 2007): 454-467.

Ann Markusen and Anne Gadwa. 2010. Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda. Journal of Planning Education and Research 29(3) 379–
391.

Carl Grodach. 2011. Art Spaces in Community and Economic Development: Connections to Neighborhoods, Artists, and the Cultural Economy. Journal of Planning Education and Research. 31(1) 74–85.

Anne Gadwa Nicodemus. 2013. Artists and Gentrification: Sticky Myths, Slippery Realities. ( April 5). [link]

view and add to this class blog/web site [all students in the course have editing access]

see also:

• National Endowment for the Arts. 2022. New Data Show Economic Impact of COVID-19 on Arts & Culture Sector. [link]
• National Endowment for the Arts: "Find the Arts Endowment Impact in Your State or Region!" [link] [e.g., here is Michigan]
• National Endowment for the Arts: Resources on Program Evaluation and Performance Measurement. [link]
• National Assembly of State Arts Agencies. Creative Economy State Profiles. [link]
• Marketplace Oct 31, 2022): Regional theaters struggle to recover from COVID closures. [link]
• UNESCO: Disruption and Resilience: UNESCO reports reveal new data on impact of COVID-19 on culture. [link]
• World Intellectual Property Organization. 2022. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on creative industries, cultural institutions, education and research. [link]
• Cohen, Patricia. 2014. N.E.A. Funds Benefit Both Rich and Poor, Study Finds. The New York Times. Feb 4. [and a link to the study].
• Rushton, Michael, ed. 2013. Creative Communities : Art Works in Economic Development. Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press. [EBooks]
• Throsby, David. 2010. The Economics of Cultural Policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [EBooks]
• COVID-19 RSFLG Data and Assessment Working Group. 2021. ANALYSIS: COVID-19’s Impacts on Arts and Culture. Argonne National Laboratory. Jan 4.
• OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19). Culture shock: COVID-19 and the cultural and creative sectors. 7 September 2020
• Carl Grodach, Nicole Foster & James Murdoch III (2014) Gentrification and the Artistic Dividend: The Role of the Arts in Neighborhood Change, Journal of the American Planning Association, 80:1, 21-35, DOI: 10.1080/01944363.2014.928584
• Rich, M.A. and Tsitsos, W. (2016), Avoiding the ‘SoHo Effect’ in Baltimore: Neighborhood Revitalization and Arts and Entertainment Districts. Int J Urban Regional, 40: 736-756. https://doi-org.proxy.lib.umich.edu/10.1111/1468-2427.12376
• Meghan Ashlin Rich (2019) ‘Artists are a tool for gentrification’: maintaining artists and creative production in arts districts, International Journal of Cultural Policy, 25:6, 727-742, DOI: 10.1080/10286632.2017.1372754
• Rachel Romero (2018) Bittersweet ambivalence: Austin’s street artists speak of gentrification, Journal of Cultural Geography, 35:1, 1-22, DOI: 10.1080/08873631.2017.1338855
• Emanuel Delgado & Kate Swanson (2021) Gentrification in the barrio: Displacement and urban change in Southern California, Journal of Urban Affairs, 43:7, 925-940, DOI: 10.1080/07352166.2019.1680245
• Arts & Economic Prosperity 6 (economic and social impact study).
• Creative Washtenaw: "Groundbreaking Study Reveals Economic and Social Impact of $98.3 Million Nonprofit Arts + Creative Sector in Washtenaw County"

Mid-Winter Break: no classes Feb 26 - Mar 1

Mar 4: Publicly-Subsidized Sports Stadiums/Arenas as a Growth Sector/Anchor Institution?

Rosentraub, Mark and David Swindell. 2009. Of devils and details: bargaining for successful public/private partnerships between cities and sports teams. Public Administration Quarterly. Vol. 33(1), Spring.

Nelson, Arthur C. "Prosperity or Blight? A Question of Major League Stadia Locations." Economic Development Quarterly, Vol. 15, No. 3, August 2001, pp. 255-265.

Baade, Robert A. The Impact of Sports Teams and Facilities on Neighborhood Economies: What is the Score? in Kern, William S. (editor), Economics of Sports. Kalamazoo, MI: W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research. [EBooks]

Birch and Lloyd, Atlantic Yards (Brooklyn NY) Case Study (September 2020) [just added to Canvas]
[for background, see: Atlantic Yards Community Development Corporation • Atlantic Yards, Pacific Park, Barclays Center tour • Atlantic Yards CBA • NY Times topic page]

TASK: view and add to this class blog/web site

see also:

• Long, Judith Grant. 2012. Public-Private Partnerships for Major League Sports Facilities. London: Taylor & Francis Group. [EBooks]
• Zimbalist, Andrew. 2010. Facility Finance: Measurement, Trends, and Analysis (Ch. 6). in Circling the Bases : Essays on the Challenges and Prospects of the Sports Industry. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. [EBooks]
• Binyamin Appelbaum, 2014. Does Hosting the Olympics Actually Pay Off? The New York Times. August 5. [link]
• Garofalo, Pat and Travis Waldron. 2012. If You Build It, They Might Not Come: The Risky Economics of Sports Stadiums. The Atlantic. Sept 7. [link]
• Ken Belson. 2015. Albatross of Debt Weighs on Super Bowl City. The New York Times, Jan 25. [link]
• David Uberti. 2014. How American sports franchises are selling their cities short. The Guardian. Sept 22. [link]
• Propheter, Geoffrey and Megan E. Hatch. 2015. Evaluating Lease-Purchase Financing for Professional Sports Facilities, Urban Affairs Review 51(6), 905–925.

The Push for equitable Economic Development & the Case of Detroit

Mar 6: The Case of Detroit: Industrial Growth and Decline, and Efforts towards Equitable Development

Galster, George. 2012. Metropolitan Portraits : Driving Detroit : The Quest for Respect in the Motor City. Publisher: Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. (chapter 9, "The Dynamics of Decay, Abandonment, and Bankruptcy") [EBooks]

Sugrue, Thomas J. 1998. The Origins of the Urban Crisis. Princeton: Princeton Univ Press. chapter 5: “The Damning Mark of False Prosperities”: The Deindustrialization of Detroit] [chapter in Canvas; the entire book available in Ebooks]

John Doering-White, Jimmy Sanchez & Hannah Crease (2021) Entrepreneurship as a community practice strategy: lessons from Detroit, Journal of Community Practice, 29:1, 46-61. [link] a pdf copy also in Canvas.

see also:

• Detroit Future City: Economic Equity Dashboard; The State of Economic Equity In Detroit
• Thomas, June Manning. Redevelopment and Race : Planning a Finer City in Postwar Detroit, Wayne State University Press, 2013. [eBooks]
• Berglund, Lisa. 2020. The shrinking city as a growth machine: Detroit's reinvention of growth through triage, foundation work and talent attraction Int. J. Urban Reg. Res., 44, pp. 219-247 [link]
• Wilson, M., Kassens-Noor, E. (2021). After the Rustbelt: Sustainability and Economic Regeneration in Detroit. In: Mariotti, I., Di Vita, S., Akhavan, M. (eds) New Workplaces—Location Patterns, Urban Effects and Development Trajectories. Research for Development. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63443-8_7
  
• Black, Harold. “Detroit: A Case Study in Industrial Problems of a Central City.” Land Economics, vol. 34, no. 3, 1958, pp. 219–26. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/3144392
• Hyde, Charles K. “‘Detroit the Dynamic’: The Industrial History of Detroit from Cigars to Cars.” Michigan Historical Review, vol. 27, no. 1, 2001, pp. 57–73. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/20173894
• Darden, Joe T., and Richard W. Thomas. Detroit : Race Riots, Racial Conflicts, and Efforts to Bridge the Racial Divide, Michigan State University Press, 2013. [eBook]
• Thompson, Heather Ann. Whose Detroit? : Politics, Labor, and Race in a Modern American City, Cornell University Press, 2017. [eBooks]
• Allison B. Laskey & Walter Nicholls (2019) Jumping Off the Ladder: Participation and Insurgency in Detroit’s Urban Planning, Journal of the American Planning Association, 85:3, 348-362, DOI: 10.1080/01944363.2019.1618729
• Doucet, Brian. 2020. Deconstructing Dominant Narratives of Urban Failure and Gentrification in a Racially Unjust City: The Case of Detroit. Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie, vol. 111, no. 4, pp. 634–51. [link]

Mar 11: Unequal Cities: Poverty and Uneven Development -- or why, in an era of growing technological mobility, are a few cities winning most of the wealth (and the rest are struggling)?

Sen, Amartya. 1999. Development as Freedom. Westminster, MD: Knopf. (Chapter 2: The Ends and Means of Development)

Krumholz, N., & Hexter, K. W. (Eds.). (2019). Advancing Equity Planning Now. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. (Please read the introduction -- but other chapters may be of interest as well: e.g., 1. Growth without Displacement 2. The Evolution of the Community Development Industry 3. Economic Diversity in Low-Status Communities). [available through UM Library's Project Muse]

Abel Valenzuela Jr.. 2006. Economic Development in Latino Communities: Incorporating Marginal and Immigrant Workers. in Paul Ong and Anastasia Loukaitou-Sideris (eds.), Jobs and Economic Development in Minority Communities. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. (Chapter 6) [EBooks]

Sutton, Stacey A. 2010. "Rethinking Commercial Revitalization: A Neighborhood Small Business Perspective." Economic Development Quarterly 24 (4)

see also:

• Huang, P. C. C. (2011). Chongqing: Equitable Development Driven by a “Third Hand”? Modern China, 37(6), 569-622. https://doi-org.proxy.lib.umich.edu/10.1177/0097700411419966
• Norman Krumholz, "Equitable approaches to local economic development," Policy Studies Journal, vol. 27, no. 1 (Spring 1999).
• Leah Hendey, Peter Tatian. 2016. Toward a Community Vision for Equitable Economic Development, Urban Institute. Washington DC. April.
  
• Soja, Edward W. 2010. Seeking Spatial Justice. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. (Chapter 4: Seeking Spatial Justice in Los Angeles) [EBooks]
  
• Economic Innovation Group. The 2018 Distressed Communities Index: An Analysis of Community Well-Being Across the United States. [link] [interactive map]  
  
• RICHARD FLORIDA and ARIA BENDIX. 2016. Mapping the Most Distressed Communities in the U.S. The Atlantic Citylab. (Feb 26). [link]
  
• Wainwright, The truth about property developers: how they are exploiting planning authorities and ruining our cities, the Guardian, 17 Sept 2014.
  
• Emily Badger and Quoctrung Bui. 2019. What if Cities Are No Longer the Land of Opportunity for Low-Skilled Workers? The New York Times, Jan 11. [link]
  
• Goldsmith, William W.. 2016. Saving Our Cities : A Progressive Plan to Transform Urban America. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. [EBooks]
• Zachary Nieder and Kathleen O’Shea. 2019. The Industrial Economy as a Key to Equitable Economic Growth. Economic Development Journal, Volume 18 (3), Summer.
• Chapple, K. (2015). Planning sustainable cities and regions : towards more equitable development. London, New York: Routledge. [in Canvas; also through the publisher via UM Library]
  
  
  

Strategies and funding

Mar 13: Funding Economic Development: Introduction and Tax Increment Financing

Stephen Malpezzi, "Local Economic Development and Its Finance: An Introduction,"in White, Sammis B., Richard D. Bingham, and Edward W. Hill, eds. 2003. Financing Economic Development in the 21st Century. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe.

Biere, David and Carla Kayanan, Improving TIF Transparency and Accountability, Towards a Consolidated View of TIF Activities in Michigan, 2014.

Rachel Weber, "Tax Incremental Financing in Theory and Practice," in White, Sammis B., Richard D. Bingham, and Edward W. Hill, eds. 2003. Financing Economic Development in the 21st Century. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe.

Steiner, Frederick and Kent Butler. "Economic and Real Estate Development," (Section on capital improvement, pp 401-2 and TIFs, pp. 403-5) in Planning and Urban Design Standards, Student Edition. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007, pp. 401-2.

OPTIONAL:
Blakely, Edward James, and Nancey Green Leigh. 2010. Planning local economic development: theory and practice. 5th ed. Los Angeles: Sage. [Ch. 5, 7]

New York Times: "United States of Subsidies" (Dec 2012). [link]

• see also:
  
  
• Callies, David, and Gowder, W. Andrew, Jr.. 2014. Tax Increment Financing. American Bar Association. Accessed January 29, 2018. [EBooks] (Part 1: useful overview; Part 2: case studies from California, Chicago, New Orleans, etc.)
  
• Citizens Research Council of Michigan: Survey of Economic Development Programs in Michigan (Third Edition February 2016 Report 392). (see section on tax increment financing)
  
• State Notes. Tax Increment Financing in Michigan (Winter 2016). By Drew Krogulecki
  
• SEMCOG, Tax Increment Financing Authorities
  
• Michigan Dept of Treasury: Tax Increment Financing
  
• City of Chicago TIF Portal
  
• White, Sammis B., Richard D. Bingham, and Edward W. Hill, eds. 2003. Financing Economic Development in the 21st Century. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe. [google book view]
  
• Cook County Clerk: TIF Districts information page • Understanding TIFs (6 minute video)
  
• The TIF Illumination Project
  
• Tanvi Misra. 2018. The Trouble With TIF: Cities love to use Tax Increment Financing to boost development. Should they? CityLab.
  
• David Merriman.  Improving Tax Increment Financing (TIF) for Economic Development. Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, September 2018. [link to free download]
• Curious City: Untangling TIFs with Sharpies (WBEZ video)
  
• Citizens Budget Committee: Tax Increment Financing: A Primer
  
• CityLab University: Tax Increment Financing
  
• Will Jason, Why Tax Increment Financing Often Fails and How Communities Can Do Better (Lincoln Institute of Land Policy)
  
• Medill Reports Chicago. 2020. How Chicago’s controversial TIF program took over a third of the city (with a useful timeline of Chicago TIF history)

Mar 18: Funding Economic Development: Business Improvement Districts and Enterprise/Empowerment Zones

Mitchell, Jerry. "Business Improvement Districts and the 'New' Revitalization of Downtown." Economic Development Quarterly, Vol. 15, No. 2, May 2001, pp. 115-123.

Boarnet, Marion G. "Enterprise Zones and Job Creation: Linking Evaluations and Practice." Economic Development Quarterly, Vol. 15, No. 3, 2001, pp. 242-254.

Elvery, J. A. (2009). "The Impact of Enterprise Zones on Resident Employment." Economic Development Quarterly 23(1): 44-59.

Steiner, Frederick and Kent Butler. "Economic and Real Estate Development," (Section on financing) in Planning and Urban Design Standards, Student Edition. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007, pp. 406-14.

Blakely, Edward James, and Nancey Green Leigh. 2010. Planning local economic development: theory and practice. 5th ed. Los Angeles: Sage. [Ch. 8, 9]

see also:

• Main Street Business Improvement Zone (MSBIZ), Ann Arbor
• Ann Arbor Downtown Development Authority
• Sutton, S. A. (2010). "Rethinking Commercial Revitalization: A Neighborhood Small Business Perspective." Economic Development Quarterly 24(4): 352-371.
• Hall, P. (1982). Enterprise zones: a justification. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 6(3), 416-421.
• Anderson, John E. Wassmer, Robert W. 2000. Bidding for Business : The Efficacy of Local Economic Development Incentives in a Metropolitan Area. Kalamazoo, MI: W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research. [EBooks] Chapter 1.
• United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO). 2015. Economic Zones in the ASEAN. Industrial Parks, Special Economic Zones, Eco Industrial Parks, Innovation Districts As Strategies For Industrial Competitiveness. prepared by UNIDO Country Office in Viet Nam. [link]
• Hoyt, L., & Gopal-Agge, D. (2007). The Business Improvement District Model: A Balanced Review of Contemporary Debates. Geography Compass, 1, 946-958. doi:10.1111/j.1749-8198.2007.00041.x [link]
• Kudla, D. (2022). Fifty years of Business Improvement Districts: A reappraisal of the dominant perspectives and debates. Urban Studies, 59(14), 2837–2856. https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980211066420

Mar 20: Community Benefits Agreements

Wolf-Powers, L. (2010). Community benefits agreements and local government: A review of recent evidence. Journal of the American Planning Association, 76(2), 141-159.

Leland, Saito, and Truong Jonathan. 2014. "The L.A. Live Community Benefits Agreement: Evaluating the Agreement Results and Shifting Political Power in the City." Urban Affairs Review 51 (2):263-289.

Been, V. (2010). Community benefits agreements: A new local government tool or another variation on the exactions theme? The University of Chicago Law Review, 77(1), 5-35.

Patterson, K. L., Ranahan, M., Silverman, R. M., & Yin, L. (2017). Community benefits agreements (CBAs): A typology for shrinking cities. The International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 37(3), 231-247. 

Neil deMause. 2022. What Ever Happened to CBAs? The Rise and Fall of ‘Community Benefits Agreements’ in NYC. City Limits. [link]

see also:

• Nicholas Belongie & Robert Mark Silverman (2018) Model CBAs and Community Benefits Ordinances as Tools for Negotiating Equitable Development: Three Critical Cases, Journal of Community Practice, 26:3, 308-327, DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2018.1476427
• Harris, K. E. (2015). Because We Can Doesn’t Mean We Should and if We Do: Urban Communities, Social and Economic Justice, and Local Economic-Development-Driven Eminent Domain Practices. Economic Development Quarterly, 29(3), 245–261. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891242415575423
• Nadler, M. L. (2011). The constitutionality of community benefits agreements: Addressing the exactions problem. The Urban Lawyer, 43(2), 587-625. 
• Musil, T. A., Dr. (2012). The sleeping giant: Community benefit agreements and urban development. The Urban Lawyer, 44(4), 827-831,833-851.
• Nicholas J. Marantz (2015) What Do Community Benefits Agreements Deliver? Evidence From Los Angeles, Journal of the American Planning Association, 81:4, 251-267
• Larissa Larsen. 2009. The Pursuit of Responsible Development: Addressing Anticipated Benefits and Unwanted Burdens through Community Benefit Agreements. CLOSUP Working Paper Series Number 9 February, University of Michigan. [link]
• Baxamusa, Murtaza H. 2008. "Empowering Communities through Deliberation The Model of Community Benefits Agreements." Journal of Planning Education and Research 27 (3):261-276.
• Lisa Berglund (2020) Early Lessons From Detroit’s Community Benefits Ordinance, Journal of the American Planning Association. [just added]
• CERA: Community Empowerment Program • Good Jobs First and the California Partnership for Working Families: Community Benefits Agreements: Making Development Projects Accountable • Partnership for Working Families: Policy & Tools: Community Benefits Agreements and Policies In Effect • Los Angeles World Airports (LAWA): Community Benefits Agreement (CBA) •  LAX MASTER PLAN COMMUNITY BENEFITS AGREEMENT (CBA) 2007 ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT •  Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis: Community benefits agreements: A tool for more equitable • development?

New Technologies, New Economies, New Regions

Mar 25: Silicon Valley: the Emergence of a High-Tech Region

Saxenian, AnnaLee. 1996. Regional Advantage : Culture and Competition in Silicon Valley and Route 128. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. (read as much as necessary to gain a rich sense of her main arguments) [note: this book has limited access as an E-book via the UM Library. try this link; otherwise, it's a good, inexpensive book to have on your economic development bookshelf]

Markusen, Ann. 1999. Sticky places in slippery space: A typology of industrial districts. in Gertler, Meric S. Barnes, Trevor J. (eds.), Routledge Studies in the Modern World Economy : New Industrial Geography : Regions, Regulations and Institutions. Florence, KY: Routledge. (pp. 98-124) [EBooks]

Saxenian, AnnaLee; Sabel, Charles. 2008. Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography Venture Capital in the "Periphery": The New Argonauts, Global Search, and Local Institution Building. Economic Geography 84:4 (Oct.), 379-94.

• see also:
  
• O’Mara, Margaret Pugh. (2019). The Code: Silicon Valley and the remaking of America. New York: Penguin Press. [new UM library link] (here is an ITIF podcast interview with O'Mara). see also this video: Silicon Valley: How Stanford, science, and war made tech history.
  
• San Francisco Chronicle, 2018. "Special Report: Future of Silicon Valley," [link to stories]
  
• Karen Chapple, Ann Markusen, Greg Schrock, Daisaku Yamamoto and Pingkang Yu, 2004, Gauging Metropolitan "High-Tech" and "I-Tech" Activity, Economic Development Quarterly 18 (1): 10-29.
  
• Saxenian, A. (1999). Silicon Valley's new immigrant entrepreneurs. San Francisco: Public Policy Institute of California.
  
• Lécuyer, Christophe Brock, David C. Last, Jay T. 2010. Makers of the Microchip : A Documentary History of Fairchild Semiconductor. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. (Ch. 1 "Fairchild Semiconductor, Silicon Technology, and Military Computing", pp. 9-44) [EBooks]
  
• Pellow, D. N., & Parks, L. S.-H. (2002). Silicon Valley of Dreams : Environmental Injustice, Immigrant Workers, and the High-Tech Global Economy. New York, NY, USA: New York University Press (NYU Press). [EBooks]
  
• Neff, G. (2012). Acting With Technology : Venture Labor : Work and the Burden of Risk in Innovative Industries. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press. [EBooks]
  
• Florida, Richard. 2002. Bohemia and economic geography. Journal of Economic Geography (2), 55-71.
  
• Havlick, David and Scott Kirsch. A Production Utopia? RTP and the North Carolina Research Triangle Southeastern Geographer; Nov 2004; 44 (2): 263-277.
  
• David E. Arnstein, Venture Capital, in White, Bingham, Hill (2003)
  
• Business Angels, Adam Bock , in White, Bingham, Hill (2003)
  
• Friend, Tad. 2015. Tomorrow's Advance Man: Marc Andreessen's plan to win the future. The New Yorker. May 18.
• PBS "American Experience": Silicon Valley (link) (alt link)
• David A. Laws. Exploring Silicon Valley’s High-Tech Heritage Trail. Medium. Jan 23, 2020.
• Natalie Holmes. 2021. CalExodus: Are People Leaving California? Policy Brief. California Policy Lab. March 4. (addresses the question: are people fleeing the Bay Area during the pandemic?)

[link to in class task to be added]

Mar 27: Beyond Silicon Valley: the Rise of High Tech Regions and the "Cluster" Strategy

Timothy Bresnahan, Alfonso Gambardella and AnnaLee Saxenian , ‘Old Economy’ Inputs for ‘New Economy’ Outcomes: Cluster Formation in the New Silicon Valleys, in Breschi, Stefano Malerba, Franco (eds.), Clusters, Networks, and Innovation. 2006. Oxford, GBR: Oxford University Press. (Chapter 5) [EBooks]

Robert D. Atkinson, Mark Muro and Jacob Whiton. 2019. THE CASE for GROWTH CENTERS: How to spread tech innovation across America. Brookings and Information Technology & Innovation Foundation (ITIF). [link]

Rohe, William M.. Metropolitan Portraits : Research Triangle : From Tobacco Road to Global Prominence. Philadelphia, PA, USA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012. (Chapter 2: The Birth of the Research Triangle Metropolitan Area) [EBooks]

Lepore, J. (2014). The Disruption Machine: What the gospel of innovation gets wrong. The New Yorker, June 23.

E. Bergman and E. Feser. Industrial and Regional Clusters, chapters 3-4 [new link]

see also:

• Doeringer and Terkla, "Business Strategy and Cross-Industry Clusters,"
• Krugman, Paul. "Localization," in Geography and Trade. Cambridge, Mass. MIT Press, 1991, pp. 35-67.
• Lewis, Robert. 2008. Chicago Made: Factory Networks in the Industrial Metropolis. University of Chicago Press. (Chapter 8). [EBooks]
• Harold, Wolman, and Hincapie Diana. 2014. "Clusters and Cluster-Based Development Policy." Economic Development Quarterly 29 (2):135-149.
• O'Mara, Margaret Pugh. 2004. Cities of Knowledge : Cold War Science and the Search for the Next Silicon Valley. Princeton: Princeton University Press. [eBooks]

Apr 1: University Towns and Economic Development: the Rise of the Research University as Regional Economic Engine

Steven Mintz. 2022. The Revolution in Higher Education Is Already Underway. Higher Ed Gamma. Jan 12.

Perry, David C. and Wim Wiewel. 2006. University As Urban Developer: Case Studies and Analysis. Armonk, NY: Sharpe. [Chs. 1, 3, 16, 17] [EBooks]

Fischer, Karin, 2015, Why Universities Alone Aren't Going to Save Your Economy, The Chronicle of Higher Education, April 6.

Etienne, Harley. 2012. Pushing Back the Gates: Neighborhood Perspectives on University-Driven Revitalization in West Philadelphia. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. [introduction] [link via Project Muse - UM authentication required]

see also:

• Lydia DePillis. 2023. Colleges Have Been a Small-Town Lifeline. What Happens as They Shrink? Declining student enrollment is hitting the rural areas that rely on universities. They’re trying to adapt to survive. The New York Times. March 13. [link]
• information on the UM North Campus Research Complex (NCRC)
• Lane, Jason E., and Johnstone, D. Bruce, eds. Universities and Colleges As Economic Drivers. Albany, US: SUNY Press, 2014. [EBooks]
• Michigan's University Research Corridor makes strong showing among eight leading U.S. research clusters [link] [new reading]
• Anderson Economic Group, LLC. 2018. Empowering Michigan: 11th Edition of the Economic Impact Report of Michigan’s University Research Corridor. (Commissioned by Michigan's University Research Corridor: Michigan State University, University of Michigan, Wayne State University).
• Martin Slagter. 2017. University of Michigan fills void Pfizer left in Ann Arbor a decade ago. MLive. Jan 29.
• Chenmarch, David W. 2017. Where Halls of Ivy Meet Silicon Dreams, a New City Rises. The New York Times. March 22. [link]
• Freedman, Josh. 2013. Why American Colleges Are Becoming a Force for Inequality. The Atlantic. May 16.
• Marcus, Jon. 2017. Nationwide, state budget cuts disproportionately hit low-income, minority college students. PBS News Hour. January 3.
• Siegfried, John J., Allen R. Sanderson, and Peter McHenry. 2007. "The economic impact of colleges and universities." Economics of Education Review 26 (5).
• Michael Mitchell, Michael Leachman, and Kathleen Masterson. 2016. Funding Down, Tuition Up: State Cuts to Higher Education Threaten Quality and Affordability at Public Colleges. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. August 15.
• Lee Gardner. 2018. How to Market a College in a Troubled Locale. The Chronicle of Higher Education. Jan 1. [link] (on Detroit)

Apr 3: Infrastructure and Megaprojects as Economic Development

Altshuler, Alan A., and David E. Luberoff. 2003. Mega-Projects : The Changing Politics of Urban Public Investment. Washington, DC, USA: Brookings Institution Press. [Chs. 1, 2, 3, 6, 8] [EBooks]

Flyvbjerg, B. and S. Buhl. 2002.. "Underestimating costs in public works projects: Error or lie?" Journal of the American Planning Association 68(3): 279-295.

see also:
Greiman, Virginia A.. Megaprojects : Lessons on Risk and Project Management from The Big Dig. Somerset, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, 2013. 2016. [EBooks]
Rephann, Terance; Isserman, Andrew. New highways as economic development tools: An evaluation using quasi-experimental matching methods. Regional Science and Urban Economics 24. 6 (Dec 1994): 723-751.
Banister, David and Joseph Berechman. 1999. Transport Investment and Economic Development. London: Routledge. [selections] [EBooks]
Flyvbjerg, B. (2014). What you should know about megaprojects and why: an overview. Project Management Journal, 45(2), 6–19. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmj.21409 [link]

[perhaps add a reading on China's Belt & Road Initiative]

Apr 8: Connecting Local Economic Development and the Crisis of Housing Affordability

Two required readings (and many optional readings if you want to dig deeper).

Rodríguez-Pose, Andrés; Storper, Michael. 2019. Housing, Urban Growth and Inequalities: The Limits to Deregulation and Upzoning in Reducing Economic and Spatial Inequality. Urban Studies vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 223–48, doi:10.1177/0042098019859458. [also in Canvas]

Jenny Schuetz. 2022. Dysfunctional policies have broken America’s housing supply chain. Brookings. February 22. [link]

Guiding questions for this session:

• How does the lack of affordable housing negatively affect local economic development?
• How might alternative housing strategies (e.g., mixed use developments, inclusionary zoning, higher densities, transit-oriented development, housing subsidies, community land trusts) promote equitable economic development?
• Why does the housing affordability crisis seem to be getting worse?

see also:

• Katrin B. Anacker (2019) Introduction: housing affordability and affordable housing, International Journal of Housing Policy, 19:1, 1-16, DOI: 10.1080/19491247.2018.1560544
• Brown, J., & Matsa, D. A. (2020). Locked in by leverage: Job search during the housing crisis. Journal of Financial Economics, 136(3), 623-648. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2019.11.001
• Greenhut, Steven. 2021. Antiquated Zoning Laws Are Worsening the Housing Crisis Ending single-family zoning doesn't ban single-family homes from neighborhoods. It merely allows more freedom for people to build what they want. Reason. July 9. [link]
• Mueller, E. J., Hilde, T. W., & Torrado, M. J. (2018). Methods for countering spatial inequality: Incorporating strategic opportunities for housing preservation into transit-oriented development planning. Landscape and Urban Planning, 177, 317-327. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.01.003
• Gonzalez-Gorman, S., Kwon, S., Bak, D., & Park, S. (2018). Can cities attract affordable housing for economic development? The roles of growth management policies and urban political institutions. Journal of Public and Nonprofit Affairs, 4(2), 181-196. https://doi.org/10.20899/jpna.4.2.181-196
• National Low Income Housing Coalition. 2023. The Gap: A Shortage of Affordable Homes. [link]
• Lisa Sturtevant. 2014. Good Local Housing Policy is Good Economic Development Policy. Shelterforce. [link]
• Jenny Schuetz. 2021. States can improve housing well-being through thoughtfully designed policies. Brookings. [link]
• Habitat for Humanity. The impact of housing affordability on the economy. [link]
• Chris Walker. 2017. Data Draws a Line from Housing Policy to Economic Progress. Local Initiatives Support Corporation (LISC). [link]
• National Low Income Housing Coalition. Why do affordable homes matter? Record-breaking numbers of families cannot afford a decent place to call home. [link]
• Common Bond Communities. 6 Ways Affordable Housing Can Boost Local Economies. [link]
• Keith Wardrip, Laura Williams, and Suzanne Hague. 2011. The Role of Affordable Housing in Creating Jobs and Stimulating Local Economic Development: A Review of the Literature. Center for Housing Policy. [link]
• VIDEO: watch Fixer Upper: How to Repair America’s Broken Housing Systems Book Launch (Brookings Metro Senior Fellow and author Jenny Schuetz), 3/3/2232

Apr 10: Exploring Alternative Approaches to Community Economic Development (e.g., Going Local, alternatives to capitalism, etc.)

[Note: this is a compelling and daunting topic. There is a very long history of critiques, defenses and alternatives (reformist and revolutionary) to capitalism. There is also a wide variation in what we mean by capitalism and all its variations. How can a larger understanding of how capitalism works — and its positive and negative consequences — shape how we do local economic development? Or more to the point: what are the possibilities and limitations of local community economic development strategies to create alternative form of capitalism and/or alternatives TO capitalism and/or carving out spaces within capitalism to explore alternative forms?]

D'Alisa, G., Demaria, F., & Kallis, G. (Eds.). (2014). Degrowth: A Vocabulary for a New Era. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203796146 [a copy also in Canvas] (please read these chapters: Intro, 3 Development, 8 Steady State Economics, 10 Capitalism, 22 GDP, 34 Co-operatives, 47 Work sharing, 48 Buen Vivir). Note: each chapter is just a few pages.

Block F. 2008. Swimming Against the Current: The Rise of a Hidden Developmental State in the United States. Politics & Society. 36(2):169-206. [in Canvas]

Shuman, Michael H. 2007. The Small-Mart Revolution : How Local Businesses Are Beating the Global Competition (2nd Edition). San Francisco, CA, USA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers. (Introduction and Part One) [EBooks]

Gar Alperovitz. 2020. Building a Democratic Economy: Sketch of a Pluralist Commonwealth. Nonprofit Quarterly. [link]

see also:

• Andy Pike, Andrés Rodríguez-Pose & John Tomaney (2007) What Kind of Local and Regional Development and for Whom?, Regional Studies, 41:9, 1253-1269, DOI: 10.1080/00343400701543355
• Imbroscio, David L; Williamson, Thad; Alperovitz, Gar. 2003. Local policy responses to globalization: Place-based ownership models of economic enterprise. Policy Studies Journal. Feb.
• Gibson-Graham JK. Diverse economies: performative practices for `other worlds’. Progress in Human Geography. 2008;32(5):613-632. doi:10.1177/0309132508090821
• Giorgos Kallis. 2018. Degrowth. Economy, Key Ideas. Newcastle upon Tyne: Agenda Publishing. [EBSCO link via umich Libraries]
• Gibson-Graham, J.K. & Dombroski, K. 2020. The Handbook of Diverse Economies. Cheltenham, UK: Edgar Elgar. [selected chapters available]
• David A. Fleming and Stephan J. Goetz. 2011. Does Local Firm Ownership Matter? Economic Development Quarterly, August. vol. 25, 3: pp. 277-281.
• Brian Beckon, Amy Cortese, Janice Shade and Michael H. Shuman. 2020. Investment Funds A How-To Guide for Building Local Wealth, Equity, and Justice. A Publication of the National
• Coalition for Community Capital and The Solidago Foundation Community. [link]
• https://community-wealth.org/ • Business Alliance for Local Living Economies (BALLE)
• Institute for Local Self-Reliance
• Slow Food USA • Slow Food Huron Valley
• Gottlieb, Robert Joshi, Anupama. 2010. Food Justice. MIT Press. [EBooks]
• Hess, David J. 2009. Localist Movements in a Global Economy: Sustainability, Justice, and Urban Development in the United States. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. [EBooks]
• Civic Economics
• "17 Reasons That Small Businesses In Detroit Are Thriving" (Huff Post 11/29/2013) • DEGC:Supporting Small Business Growth (including Motor City Match)•  "How Pop-Up Stores Are Spurring Innovation in Detroit" (NY Times 4/16/2014) • Deadline Detroit (2/5/2014): "Success Stories: Pop-Up Shops Grow Deeper Detroit Roots"
  Ann Arbor Farmers Market

see also these podcasts:

BBC, In Our Time: "Capitalism", "Marx," "The Wealth of Nations (Adam Smith)", "David Ricardo", "The Industrial Revolution"
Politics Theory Other #85: Never Let A Serious Crisis Go to Waste
BBC: This is Capitalism

Apr 15: Optional Work Session

No regular class session. Instead, I will be in the classroom (2213) during the regular class period (8:30 - 9:50 am) and you are welcome/encouraged to come and discuss your projects (and/or other class-related topics). If you want me to read something ahead of time, please send it to me by Sunday midday (April 14). Consider this an optional “no sign-up needed/drop-in office hours”. If multiple people come, we can share ideas collectively. [That said, it would be useful if you emailed me ahead of time to let me know if you will be coming or not — and for all or part of the session.]

see assignment page for more instructions.

Apr 17: Presentations of Assignment: Economic Portraits of a Small Urban Spaces

Plan for 7-9 minutes per presentation (plus a few minutes for discussion). Be sure to upload your slides to this shared google slide file ahead of time.

Please do arrive on time at 8:30 so we have the full 80 minutes of class time for presentations.

see assignment page for more instructions.

Apr 22: Last Class -- Course Synthesis

This last session will provide an opportunity to reflect on the course, and develop a set of principles for good local economic development planning.

TASK: Each student is to prepare a concise, insightful distillation of what have been, for you, the most important or resonant (or disconcerting) lessons/principles/ideas/themes in your encounters with local economic development. I welcome a range of approaches and themes, and I encourage you to be rigorous and creative. One format option might be to develop 4-7 lessons / principles about local economic development planning.

You are to prepare several items:
(a) a brief (2 minute) oral presentation that concisely highlights your central points. For this presentation, prepare a slide to be shared with the class on a shared google slide file [link to be added]
[NOTE:  one slide will do, but if you find it easier to present your materials on two slides, that is also an option.] Consider various formats, including diagrams, maps, tables, illustrations, a concept map, a flow chart, a numbered list.,a storyboard, a comic strip, a Socratic dialogue. Use supplementary text where appropriate to elaborate specific ideas/points.

(b) A one-page (single-spaced) narrative that concisely explores these ideas. [to be uploaded to Canvas]

see the assignment page.