Urban
Planning 538: Economic Development Planning |
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student-created blogs:
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student-created maps: |
quick links |
Intro |
growth, decline, gentrification |
strategies, policies |
just and sustainable development |
types of urban economies |
scale: local, global |
conclusions |
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Marketing (Jan 25) |
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Jan 4: Course Introduction |
[introductions of instructor and students; format and themes of course; short lecture on economic development planning] useful readings as an introduction to the field: Galbraith, John Kenneth. "The Proper Purpose of Economic Development," in The Essential Galbraith . Boston: Mariner Books, 2001, pp. 109-117. Rubin, Herbert J. "Shoot Anything That Flies; Claim Anything That Falls: Conversations With Economic Development Practitioners." Economic Development Glaeser, Edward L. "Why Economists Still Like Cities." City Journal, Vol. 6, No. 2, 1996, pp. 70-77. -> In class discussion on characteristics of a strong versus vulnerable local economy (see handout in Canvas) |
Growth, Development, Gentrification and Decline |
Jan 9: Can Cities Grow Too Fast? Economic Development in Boomtowns and Rapidly Growing Megacities |
Broadway, M. J. and D. D. Stull. 2006. Meat processing and Garden City, KS: boom and bust. Journal of Rural Studies 22: 55-66. Brown, Chip. 2013. "North Dakota Went Boom," The New York Times. Jan 31. [link] [images + audio] Campanella, Thomas J. 2008. Concrete Dragon : China's Urban Revolution and What it Means for the World. New York, NY, USA: Princeton Architectural Press. (Introduction: "The Urbanism of Ambition" and Epilogue: "China Reinvents the City") [ebrary] The Guardian: The rise of megacities – interactive [link] and Shanghai in pictures + "Walking Shanghai: from the 14th century to the future" see also: |
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Jan 11: Shrinking Cities: Growing Too Slowly |
Flammang, R. A. 1979. “Economic growth and economic development: Counterparts or competitors?” Economic Development and Cultural Change 28, 47-62 Alan Mallach (ed). Rebuilding America's Legacy Cities: New Directions for the Industrial Heartland. Center for Community Progress. (selected chapters: Introduction, Chs. 1, 3, 7, 10, 11.) Dewar, M.E. and J.M. Thomas eds. 2013. The city after abandonment. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. (Chapter 13. Planning for Better, Smaller Places After Population Loss: Lessons from Youngstown and Flint, by Margaret Dewar, Christina Kelly, and Hunter Morrison) [ebrary] see also: Leaner, Greener Detroit: A Report by the American Institute of Architects. Sustainable Design Assessment Team, Detroit, Michigan October 30-November 1, 2008. [link] |
no class Jan 16: please attend the Martin Luther King Jr. events across campus |
Jan 18: The Janus Face of Gentrification: causes and consequences |
Marketplace, York & Fig: at the Intersection of Change [wonderful multimedia -- be sure to listen to the audio stories] Schwarz, Benjamin. 2010. Gentrification and Its Discontents: Manhattan never was what we think it was. The Atlantic, May 11. Hackworth, Jason, and Neil Smith. 2001. "The changing state of gentrification." Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie 92 (4):464-477. Peter Moskowitz. 2015. The two Detroits: a city both collapsing and gentrifying at the same time. The Guardian. Feb 5. [link] Jana Kasperkevicz. 2014. Study of poverty-ridden neighborhoods shows gentrification is not ruining enough of America. The Guardian. Dec 10. [link] see also: see (and contribute to) the class web page of gentrification examples ------ LAST 20 minutes of class: Formation of Groups for Jan 30 Debate
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Strategies, policies: ATTRACTING BUSINESSES, CUSTOMERS, RESIDENTS |
Jan 23: Place Marketing/Place Branding: Introduction, Concepts and the Politics of Selling Places |
Ward, Stephen V. 1998. Selling Places : The Marketing and Promotion of Towns and Cities, 1850-2000. Routledge. [Ch. 9] [see also google books -- limited view] see also: |
Jan 25: Place Marketing/Place Branding: Student Examples |
Each of you is to locate an interesting example of place marketing and briefly present the image in class. Be ready to evaluate/critique the image and place it in context. Task for class: By Monday evening, please find an example of "place marketing" / place branding. (print, web, video). Then do one of the following. Be sure to include on the slide:
--- We will allocate the last 15-20 minutes of class for the Jan 30 Debate prep: the moderators will present the debate format, and then each group will have time to meet. |
Jan 30: Debate #1: Is Gentrification a sign of vibrant economic development to be promoted or a discriminatory disrupter to be resisted? |
Preparing for the debate:
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Feb 1: Funding Economic Development: Introduction and Tax Increment Financing |
Stephen Malpezzi, "Local Economic Development and Its Finance: An Introduction,"in White, Sammis B., Richard D. Bingham, and Edward W. Hill, eds. 2003. Financing Economic Development in the 21st Century. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe. Biere, David and Carla Kayanan, Improving TIF Transparency and Accountability, Towards a Consolidated View of TIF Activities in Michigan, 2014. Rachel Weber, "Tax Incremental Financing in Theory and Practice," in White, Sammis B., Richard D. Bingham, and Edward W. Hill, eds. 2003. Financing Economic Development in the 21st Century. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe. Steiner, Frederick and Kent Butler. "Economic and Real Estate Development," (Section on capital improvement, pp 401-2 and TIFs, pp. 403-5) in Planning and Urban Design Standards, Student Edition. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007, pp. 401-2. Blakely, Edward James, and Nancey Green Leigh. 2010. Planning local economic development: theory and practice. 5th ed. Los Angeles: Sage. [Ch. 5, 7] New York Times: "United States of Subsidies" (Dec 2012). [link] see also: City of Chicago TIF Portal Weber Rachel, Saurav Dev Bhatta, David Merriman. Spillovers from tax increment financing districts: Implications for housing price appreciation. Regional Science and Urban Economics 37 (2007) 259–281
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Feb 6: Funding Economic Development: Business Improvement Districts and Enterprise/Empowerment Zones |
Mitchell, Jerry. "Business Improvement Districts and the 'New' Revitalization of Downtown." Economic Development Quarterly, Vol. 15, No. 2, May 2001, pp. 115-123. Boarnet, Marion G. "Enterprise Zones and Job Creation: Linking Evaluations and Practice." Economic Development Quarterly, Vol. 15, No. 3, 2001, pp. 242-254. Elvery, J. A. (2009). "The Impact of Enterprise Zones on Resident Employment." Economic Development Quarterly 23(1): 44-59. Steiner, Frederick and Kent Butler. "Economic and Real Estate Development," (Section on financing) in Planning and Urban Design Standards, Student Edition. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007, pp. 406-14. Blakely, Edward James, and Nancey Green Leigh. 2010. Planning local economic development: theory and practice. 5th ed. Los Angeles: Sage. [Ch. 8, 9] see also: Ann Arbor Downtown Development Authority, Blueprint for establishing business improvement zones in downtown Ann Arbor, MI Sutton, S. A. (2010). "Rethinking Commercial Revitalization: A Neighborhood Small Business Perspective." Economic Development Quarterly 24(4): 352-371. Hall, P. (1982). Enterprise zones: a justification. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 6(3), 416-421. Anderson, John E. Wassmer, Robert W. 2000. Bidding for Business : The Efficacy of Local Economic Development Incentives in a Metropolitan Area. Kalamazoo, MI: W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research. [ebrary] Chapter 1. United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO). 2015. Economic Zones in the ASEAN. Industrial Parks, Special Economic Zones, Eco Industrial Parks, Innovation Districts As Strategies For Industrial Competitiveness. prepared by UNIDO Country Office in Viet Nam. [link] |
Feb 8: The Tourist City: Fragile Economic Strategy or Path to Growth? |
Loukaitou-Sideris, A. and K. Soureli (2012). "Cultural Tourism as an Economic Development Strategy for Ethnic Neighborhoods." Economic Development Quarterly 26(1): 50-72. Sandercock, Leonie and Kim Dovey. 2002. Pleasure, politics, and the "public interest": Melbourne's riverscape revitalization. Journal of the American Planning Association. Spring 2002; 68, pp 151-64. Moehring, Eugene. 2002. Growth, Services, and the Political Economy of Gambling in Las Vegas, 1970– 2000, in Rothman, Hal and Mike Davis (eds). 2002. THE Grit Beneath the Glitter: Tales from the Real Las Vegas. University of California Press. (pp. 73-98) [ebrary] see also: Hospers, Gert-Jan. 2010. 'Lynch's The Image of the City after 50 Years: City Marketing Lessons from an Urban Planning Classic', European Planning Studies, 18: 12, 2073 — 2081.Bickford-Smith, Vivian. 2009. Creating a City of the Tourist Imagination: The Case of Cape Town, `The Fairest Cape of Them All' Urban Studies 46: 1763
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Feb 13: Arts and Economic Development |
Currid, Elizabeth. How Art and Culture Happen in New York: Implications for Urban Economic Development. Journal of the American Planning Association 73. 4 (Autumn 2007): 454-467. Ann Markusen and Anne Gadwa. 2010. Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda. Journal of Planning Education and Research 29(3) 379– Carl Grodach. 2011. Art Spaces in Community and Economic Development: Connections to Neighborhoods, Artists, and the Cultural Economy. Journal of Planning Education and Research. 31(1) 74–85. view and add to this class blog/web site see also: Anne Gadwa Nicodemus. 2013. Artists and Gentrification: Sticky Myths, Slippery Realities. ( April 5). [link] |
Feb 15: Resilient Cities / Fragile Cities |
Foster, Kathryn. 2007. Snapping Back: What Makes Regions Resilient? National Civic Review. Vale, Lawrence J., and Thomas J. Campanella. 2005. Resilient City: How Modern Cities Recover from Disaster. Cary, NC, USA: Oxford University Press. [selections: Introduction; Chs. 1, 3, 5, 9, Conclusion] [ebrary] see also: |
Feb 20 - 22: Presentations of Assignment 2: Economic Portraits of a Small Urban Spaces |
Please come BOTH days, on-time at 9:10 (catch that earlier blue campus bus): Monday (20 minute presentations + 5 minutes for discussion each):
Wednesday (15 minute presentations + 5 minutes for discussion each)
see assignment page for more instructions. |
Feb 27 - Mar 1: Mid-semester break (no classes) |
Squaring the Circle: Promoting Just, Sustainable, Economically Vibrant Cities |
Mar 6: Unequal Cities: Poverty and Uneven Development |
Sen, Amartya. 1999. Development as Freedom. Westminster, MD: Knopf. (Chapter 2: The Ends and Means of Development) Norman Krumholtz, "Equitable approaches to local economic development," Policy Studies Journal, vol. 27, no. 1 (Spring 1999). Abel Valenzuela Jr.. 2006. Economic Development in Latino Communities: Incorporating Marginal and Immigrant Workers. in Paul Ong and Anastasia Loukaitou-Sideris (eds.), Jobs and Economic Development in Minority Communities. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. (Chapter 6) [ebrary] Sutton, Stacey A. 2010. "Rethinking Commercial Revitalization: A Neighborhood Small Business Perspective." Economic Development Quarterly 24 (4) Soja, Edward W. 2010. Globalization and Community: Seeking Spatial Justice. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. (Chapter 4: Seeking Spatial Justice in Los Angeles) [ebrary] see also: |
Mar 8: Sustainable Economic Development: An Oxymoron or Win-Win? |
Tumber, C. (2013). Fields, Factories, and Workshops: Green Economic Development on the Smaller-Metro Scale. in S. M. Wachter & K. A. Zeuli (Eds.), The City in the Twenty-First Century : Revitalizing American Cities (pp. 224-241). Philadelphia, PA, USA: University of Pennsylvania Press. [ebrary] (see also this video lecture by Tumber, and her own full length book below) Hess, D. J. (2012). Urban and Industrial Environments Series: Good Green Jobs in a Global Economy : Making and Keeping New Industries in the United States. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press. (Chapter 5: The Greening of Regional Industrial Clusters) [ebrary] Campbell, Scott. 2014. “Sustainability cannot stand still: the unavoidable evolution of a planning ideal through the confrontation between environmental and social justice,” paper presented at the Association of Collegiate Schools of Planning Annual Conference, Oct 30 – Nov 2, 2014, Philadelphia. Agyeman, J. (2005). Sustainable Communities and the Challenge of Environmental Justice. New York, NY, USA: New York University Press (NYU Press). (Ch. 4 Just Sustainability in Practice, pp. 107-132). [ebrary] Oden, M. D. (2010). Equity: The Forgotten E in Sustainable Development. In S. A. Moore (Ed.), Pragmatic sustainability : theoretical and practical tools (1st ed., pp. 31-49). London ; New York, NY: Routledge. see also: |
Mar 13: Sports as a Growth Sector? |
Rosentraub, Mark and David Swindell. 2009. Of devils and details: bargaining for successful public/private partnerships between cities and sports teams. Public Administration Quarterly. Vol. 33(1), Spring. Nelson, Arthur C. "Prosperity or Blight? A Question of Major League Stadia Locations." Economic Development Quarterly, Vol. 15, No. 3, August 2001, pp. 255-265. Baade, Robert A. The Impact of Sports Teams and Facilities on Neighborhood Economies: What is the Score? in Kern, William S. (editor), Economics of Sports. Kalamazoo, MI: W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research. [ebrary] TASK: view and add to this class blog/web site see also: Binyamin Appelbaum, 2014. Does Hosting the Olympics Actually Pay Off? The New York Times. August 5. [link] Garofalo, Pat and Travis Waldron. 2012. If You Build It, They Might Not Come: The Risky Economics of Sports Stadiums. The Atlantic. Sept 7. [link] Mark Rosentraub, Major League Losers: The Real Cost Of Sports And Who's Paying For It and Major League Winners: Using Sports and Cultural Centers as Tools for Economic Development. [google books has some excerpts.] Ken Belson. 2015. Albatross of Debt Weighs on Super Bowl City. The New York Times, Jan 25. [link] David Uberti. 2014. How American sports franchises are selling their cities short. The Guardian. Sept 22. [link] ------ LAST 20 minutes of class: Formation of Groups for April 5 Debate
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Mar 15: Infrastructure and Megaprojects as Economic Development |
Altshuler, Alan A., and David E. Luberoff. 2003. Mega-Projects : The Changing Politics of Urban Public Investment. Washington, DC, USA: Brookings Institution Press. [Chs. 1, 2, 3, 6, 8] [ebrary] Flyvbjerg, B. and S. Buhl. 2002.. "Underestimating costs in public works projects: Error or lie?" Journal of the American Planning Association 68(3): 279-295. |
Spaces of Technological Innovation & the Knowledge Economy |
Mar 20: Silicon Valley: the Emergence of a High-Tech Region [moved from March 22] |
Saxenian, AnnaLee. 1996. Regional Advantage : Culture and Competition in Silicon Valley and Route 128. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. (read as much as necessary to gain a rich sense of her main arguments) [note: this book has limited access as an E-book via the UM Library. try this link; otherwise, it's a good, inexpensive book to have on your economic development bookshelf] Markusen, Ann. 1999. Sticky places in slippery space: A typology of industrial districts. in Gertler, Meric S. Barnes, Trevor J. (eds.), Routledge Studies in the Modern World Economy : New Industrial Geography : Regions, Regulations and Institutions. Florence, KY: Routledge. (pp. 98-124) [ebrary] Saxenian, AnnaLee; Sabel, Charles. 2008. Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography Venture Capital in the "Periphery": The New Argonauts, Global Search, and Local Institution Building. Economic Geography 84:4 (Oct.), 379-94.
see also: PBS "American Experience": Silicon Valley (video) |
Mar 22: Beyond Silicon Valley: the Rise of High Tech Regions and the "Cluster" Strategy |
Timothy Bresnahan, Alfonso Gambardella and AnnaLee Saxenian , ‘Old Economy’ Inputs for ‘New Economy’ Outcomes: Cluster Formation in the New Silicon Valleys, in Breschi, Stefano Malerba, Franco (eds.), Clusters, Networks, and Innovation. 2006. Oxford, GBR: Oxford University Press. (Chapter 5) [ebrary] Doeringer and Terkla, "Business Strategy and Cross-Industry Clusters," Rohe, William M.. Metropolitan Portraits : Research Triangle : From Tobacco Road to Global Prominence. Philadelphia, PA, USA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012. (Chapter 2: The Birth of the Research Triangle Metropolitan Area) [ebrary] Hatch, M. (2014). The maker movement manifesto : rules for innovation in the new world of crafters, hackers, and tinkerers, McGraw-Hill. (Chapters 2 and 9) [link] Lepore, J. (2014). The Disruption Machine: What the gospel of innovation gets wrong. The New Yorker, June 23. E. Bergman and E. Feser. Industrial and Regional Clusters, chapters 3-4 see also: Savage, Mike Blokland, Talja. Networked Urbanism : Social Capital in the City. Ashgate. [ebrary] |
Mar 27: Downtown Development Authorities |
Guest: Susan Pollay, Executive Director, Ann Arbor Downtown Development Authority (DDA) A2 DDA, Packet for new City Council Members 10-2014 Explore the A2 DDA site: in particular, read the 2014 State of the Downtown Report (pdf) • Development Plan and Tax Increment Financing Plan • Budgets • Annual Reports |
Mar 29: University Towns and Economic Development |
Perry, David C. and Wim Wiewel. 2006. University As Urban Developer: Case Studies and Analysis. Armonk, NY: Sharpe. [Chs. 1, 3, 16, 17] [ebrary] Fischer, Karin, 2015, Why Universities Alone Aren't Going to Save Your Economy, The Chronicle of Higher Education, April 6. see also: Lane, Jason E., and Johnstone, D. Bruce, eds. Universities and Colleges As Economic Drivers. Albany, US: SUNY Press, 2014. [ebrary] Michigan's University Research Corridor makes strong showing among eight leading U.S. research clusters [link] [new reading] Anderson Economic Group, LLC. 2017. Empowering Michigan: Tenth Annual Economic Impact Report of Michigan’s University Research Corridor (Commissioned by Michigan's University Research Corridor: Michigan State University, University of Michigan, Wayne State University). Martin Slagter. 2017. University of Michigan fills void Pfizer left in Ann Arbor a decade ago. MLive. Jan 29. Chenmarch, David W. 2017. Where Halls of Ivy Meet Silicon Dreams, a New City Rises. The New York Times. March 22. [link] Freedman, Josh. 2013. Why American Colleges Are Becoming a Force for Inequality. The Atlantic. May 16. Marcus, Jon. 2017. Nationwide, state budget cuts disproportionately hit low-income, minority college students. PBS News Hour. January 3. Siegfried, John J., Allen R. Sanderson, and Peter McHenry. 2007. "The economic impact of colleges and universities." Economics of Education Review 26 (5). Michael Mitchell, Michael Leachman, and Kathleen Masterson. 2016. Funding Down, Tuition Up: State Cuts to Higher Education Threaten Quality and Affordability at Public Colleges. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. August 15. |
Apr 3: Defense Cities: the Local Economics of Defense Communities and Defense Conversion |
Accordino, John J. 2000. Captives of the Cold War economy : the struggle for defense conversion in American communities. Westport, Conn.: Praeger. [Chs 1,2,4] [ebrary] Markusen, Ann, Peter Hall, Scott Campbell, and Sabina Deitrick. 1991. The Rise of the Gunbelt: the Military Remapping of Industrial America. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. [Ch 3] see also: President Dwight D. Eisenhower - Farewell Address (Military-Industrial Complex speech, 17 January 1961) [video link at archive.org] Lowrey, Annie. 2013. Washington's Economic Boom, Financed by You. The New York Times, January 10. [link] US DoD: Office of Economic Adjustment • Base Realignment & Closure • Contracts
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April 5: Debate #2: "Should local governments subsidize sports stadiums?" [moved from March 20] |
The debate format (the same as for the first debate):
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Scales of Economic Activity: Going Local, Global, Regional |
Apr 10: Going Small/Going Local: the Local Investment/Buy Local Movement |
Imbroscio, David L; Williamson, Thad; Alperovitz, Gar. 2003. Local policy responses to globalization: Place-based ownership models of economic enterprise. Policy Studies Journal. Feb. Shuman, Michael H. 2007. BK Currents: Small-Mart Revolution : How Local Businesses Are Beating the Global Competition (2nd Edition). San Francisco, CA, USA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers. (Introduction and Part One) [ebrary] David A. Fleming and Stephan J. Goetz. 2011. Does Local Firm Ownership Matter? Economic Development Quarterly, August. vol. 25, 3: pp. 277-281. see also: |
Apr 12: Going Big/Going Global: the Case of Walmart |
Emek Basker. 2007. The Causes and Consequences of Wal-Mart's Growth. Journal of Economic Perspectives. Vol 21(3). Summer, 177–198. Simon Head, 2004. Inside
the Leviathan. The New York Review of Books. Vol. 51 (20):
Dec. 16 Hemphill, Thomas A. 2008. Demonising Wal-Mart: What Do the Facts Tell Us? The Journal of Corporate Citizenship; Autumn, 26-30. Stone, Kenneth G. Impact of Walmart Stores on Iowa Communities: 1983- 1993, Economic Development Review, Vol. 13, #2 (Spring 1995), 60-69 see also: see also these books on Wal-Mart in [ebrary]:
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Apr 17: Last Class -- Course Synthesis |
This last session will provide an opportunity to link common themes from the presentations and develop a set of principles for good local economic development planning. TASK: Each student is to come to class with a one-page sheet (with enough copies for the class) of 5-7 lessons / principles about local economic planning and development. (one possible format: a numbered list; each lesson / principle should be one or several sentences long.) If useful, you might also include a map, diagram, or illustration. Feel free to be creative and employ a different format. Each student will distribute their handout and briefly discuss. |
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Other suggested readings:
Edward W. Hill. Principles for rethinking the federal government's role in economic development. Economic Development Quarterly 11.n4 (Nov 1998): pp299(14).
Wolman, Harold, and David Spitzley. "The Politics of Local Economic Development." Economic Development Quarterly, Vol. 10, No. 2, May 1996, pp. 115-150.
Mier, Robert. Metaphors of Economic Development, in Bingham, Richard D., and Robert Mier, eds. 1993. Theories of Local Economic Development. Newbury Park: Sage. (Chapter 14, pp. 284-304).
Fitzgerald, Joan and Nancey Green Leigh. 2002. “Introduction” and “Redefining the Field of Local Economic Development.” In Economic Revitalization: Cases and Strategies for City and Suburb. London: Sage Publications.
Don Peck. 2010. How a New Jobless Era Will Transform America. The Atlantic, March.
Sanders, Heywood T. 1998. Convention center follies. Public Interest; Summer ; 132 (pp. 58-72).
Sanders, Heywood T. 2014. Convention center follies politics, power, and public investment in American cities. 1st ed. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. [link]
Judd, Dennis R., and Dick Simpson. 2003. "Reconstructing the local state: The role of external constituencies in building urban tourism." The American Behavioral Scientist 46 (8):1056-1069.
Rae, Douglas W. 2003. City: Urbanism and Its End. New Haven, CT, USA: Yale University Press. [ebrary]