Plaque Glycolysis Response to Cetylpyridinium Chloride Antimicrobial Mouthrinses

Plaque Glycolysis and Regrowth Method (PGRM) is a proven clinical assay for bioavailability, retention and proportional efficacy of mouthrinses containing cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC)

Objective:  This study compared the effectiveness of three CPC mouthrinses on PGRM efficacy to assess CPC bioavailability in the formulations.  

Methods:  The study employed a controlled, double-blind, randomized, four-treatment, eight-period crossover design.  16 qualified adult PGRM panelists were supplied with acclimation NaF dentifrice (Crest Cavity Protection, Procter and Gamble) for use throughout the trial.  Test products included:  sterile water control (CTR);  0.045 % CPC breath protection rinse (Scope, Procter and Gamble, USA – SCP);  0.050 % CPC antigingivitis rinse (Colgate Total, Colgate-Palmolive - CT) and 0.070 % CPC antigingivitis rinse (Crest Pro Health, Procter and Gamble - CPH).  On treatment days, subjects visited the clinic prior to hygiene/breakfast, had baseline plaque samples collected followed by rinsing for 30 seconds with 20 ml of assigned treatment.  Plaque samples were again collected 15 and 45 minutes after rinsing.  Sampled plaques were vortexed, normalized for biomass and incubated under standard conditions to assess glycolysis  (J Clin Dent 6: 59, 1995).  pH response of the incubation buffers was compared to starting pH’s and an Area Under Curve (AUC)aggregate analysis of glycolysis inhibition was used for treatment comparisons.    

Results:  AUC glycolysis (±SE):  CTR:  1.86(2.07)a; CT 8.99(1.87)b; SCP 18.72(2.09)c; CPH 39.56(2.09)d (a≠b≠c≠d ANCOVA for cross-over designs,  p <0.05).  

Conclusion: CPC bioavailability clearly varied in rinses as breath protection rinse (SCP) with 375 ppm CPC exhibited stronger antiglycolytic actions than gingivitis indication mouthrinse containing 500 ppm CPC.  Antigingivitis indicated mouthrinse containing 700 ppm CPC (CPH) provided the strongest antimicrobial actions of those tested.