1The Middle East. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Inc., 1994. 26. 2Ibid, 26. 3Ibid, 28. 4Ibid, 29. 5Alexander L. George provides uncertainty and value complexity, in regard to information, as the key obstacles in the calculation of options in decision making. George, Alexander L. "Adapting to Constraints on Rational Decisionmaking." In International Politics: Enduring Concepts and Contemporary Issues, ed. Robert J. Art and Robert Jervis, 451-471. New York: Harper Collins Publishers, 1992. 6Robert J. Art offers four categories for the uses of force. He classifies all uses of force as either deterrence, defense, compellence, and swaggering. Art, Robert J. "The Four Functions of Force." In International Politics: Enduring Concepts and Contemporary Issues, ed. Robert J. Art and Robert Jervis, 137. New York: Harper Collins Publishers, 1992. 7Ibid, 137. 8Lebow, Richard N. "The Deterrence Deadlock: Is There a Way Out?" In Psychology & Deterrence, ed Robert Jervis, Richard N. Lebow, and Janice Gross Stein, 180. The Johns Hopkins Press: Baltimore, 1985. 9Lebow, Richard N. "Miscalculation in the South Atlantic: The Origins of the Falklands War." In Psychology & Deterrence, ed Robert Jervis, Richard N. Lebow, and Janice Gross Stein, 119. The JohnsHopkins Press: Baltimore, 1985. 10Lebow. "The Deterrence Deadlock: Is There a Way Out?" 180. 11Ibid, 181. 12Ibid, 181. 13Ibid, 182. 14Tanter, Raymond. "Prospect Theory: Choosing to Cooperate." Class Notes, 472Not11.Doc. University of Michigan, 8 Sept. 1996. Available: http://www.umich.edu/~rtanter 15"Ruth Lapidoth is Bessie and Michael Greenblatt Professor of International Law at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Dr. Lapidoth is also a member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration. Lapidoth, Ruth." "Redefining Authority: The Past, Present, and Future of Sovereignty." The Harvard International Review (Summer 1995): 9. 16"Munther Haddadin is the Chief Negotiator on Water, Energy, and the Environment for the Heshemite Kingdom of Jordan." Haddadin, Munther J. "Learning to Share: Divided Sovereignty Over Water Resources." The Harvard International Review (Summer 1995): 22. 17Chaim Schacham is the Israeli Consul for Press and Information to the Midwest. Schacham, Chaim. "The Israel-Syria Negotiations-What Are We Trying to Achieve?" Midwest Jewish Week (March 1995): 1. Available: http://www.israelemb.org/chicago/syria.htm 18The assertion is made that the concept of national security is the constant, universal interest that predominates in the post-Cold War era. Buzan, Barry. People, States, and Fear: An Agenda for International Security Studies in the Post-Cold War Era. Lynne Rienner Publishers: Boulder, 1991. 1. 19"What is the Origin of Israel's Total lack of Faith in Syria?" Peace with the Golan (On Line). Available: http://www.golan.org.il/syria.html#1 20Schacham, 1. 21Ibid, 2. 22Peter Tarnoff was the President of the Council on Foreign Relations. Tarnoff, Peter. "An End to Foreign Policy." The Harvard International Review (Summer 1992): 5. 23As Assistant Secretary of State, he delivered a speech on the USG's position in regard to the Middle East. Pelletreau, Robert H. "U.S. Policy Toward the Middle East: Steering a Steady Course." speech before the Chautauqua Institution (On Line): New York, 21 Aug. 1996. 2.Available: http://www.state.gov/www/regions/nea/960821.html 24Ibid, 6. 25"Talking Points: Middle East Peace Process." Available: http://cni.mynet.net/mepptp.html 26Ambassador Wilcox is the Coordinator for Counterterrorism and provides testimony justifying the categorization of Syria as a rogue nation, a nation in support of terrorism. He includes an outline of the measures the USG has taken in its attempts to deter the Syrian government. Wilcox, Philip C., Jr. "Syrian Support for Terrorism." testimony before the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives (On Line): Washington, DC, 25 July 1996. 1. Available: http://www.state.gov/www/global/terrorism/960725.html 27Klare, Michael. Rogue States and Nuclear Outlaws: America's Search for a New Foreign Policy. New York: Hill and Wang, 1995. 148. 28"1995 Patterns of Global Terrorism." The US Department of State, Office of the Coordinator for Counter-terrorism (April 1996): 31. (On Line) Available: http://nsi.org/Library/Terrorism?terror95.html 29Wilcox, 2. 30"Terrorism: What You Need To Know About US Sanctions." US Department of the Treasury, Office of Foreign Assets Control: 2. (On Line) Available: http://www.ustreas.gov/treasury/services/fac/fac.html 31"Syria: International Relationships." 1. (On Line) Available: http://www.dreamscape.com/tony/syri0008.htm 32"U.N. Security Council Resolution 242." U.N. Security Council (22 Nov 1967): 1. (On Line) Available: http://www.usis-israel.org.il/publish/peace/242.htm 33Aziz, Tariq. "Laws of the Jungle: Power Over Principle in International Law." The Harvard International Review (Summer 1995): 31-32. 34This in response to the various UN declarations condemning Israel: "Under other provisions of the resolution on the Syrian Golan, adopted by a vote of 66 in favor to 2 against (Israel, United States), with 79 abstentions, the Assembly determined once more that the continued occupation of that area and its defacto annexation constituted a stumbling-block in the way of achieving a just, comprehensive and lasting peace in the Middle East." "Press Release: GA/9023." UN General Assembly (4 Dec 1995): 1. (On Line) Available: http://www.un.org/plewbcgi/idoc.pl?615+unix+_free_user_+www.un.org..80+un+un+pr +pr ++resolution%26adj%26242 35Aziz, 31. 36"What Exactly Does Assad Want?" Link 2 Link (March 1996): 1. (On Line) Available: http://link2lik.co.il/link45/cover4.htm 37"Syria: National Struggle Legitimate." Peace with the Golan (16 March 1996): 1. (On Line) Available: http://www.golan.org.il/media75.html 38Hartman, Harris. "Last of a Breed: Syria Examines Its Role in the New Middle East." The Harvard International Review (Spring 1994): 45. 39"Syria: Recent Developments." 1. (On Line) Available: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/syria.html 40Hartman, 45. 41"Syria: Recent Developments." 1. (On Line) 42"Syrian Press Blasts Israel." SRA Corp (15 Jan 96): 1. (On Line) Available: http://projects.sra.com/nametag/demo1/doc/sub15/D35.html 43Brennock, Mark. "Assad Expects No Moves Before Israeli Election." The Irish Times : 1. (On Line) Available: http://194.125.58.5/irish-times/paper/0214/for7.html 44Cusack, Jim. "US Peace Envoy Due Back in Syria Today After 'Snub.'" The Irish Times: 1. (On Line) Available: http://www.irish-times.com/irish-times/paper/0424/fro2.html 45"Syrian Press Blasts Israel," 1. (On Line) 46"Facts You Should Know." The Camera (December 1996): 5. 47Art, 137. 48Ibid, 137. 49Bodansky, Yossef. "Syria's Strategic Posture." Freeman Center (Feb 1996): 3. (On Line) Available: http://www.freeman.org/feb96/bodansky.htm 50Singer, Jordy. "Under Pressure: Syrian Participation in the Peace Process." The Harvard International Review (Fall 1995): 58. 51Ibid, 58. 52Ibbi, 58. 53Ibid, 58-9. 54Ibid, 88. 55Ibid, 88. 56"Syria: International Relations," 1. 57Bodansky, 3.