Micromechanics of Sand

Properties of sand at the macroscopic scale have their origin in the behavior of the inter-granular contacts (micro scale), and in the topology of grain assemblies or the fabric (meso scale). Research is being conducted on the propagation of the mechanical behavior across the spatial scales. Of particular interest is the cause of the rate-dependent behavior of sands observed at the macroscopic scale.

Surface micro-morphology of a sand grain (Ottawa 20-30 sand).
Grain surface of Lake Michigan Dune Sand.
A model of a granular assembly in Discrete Element Method.