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Bree was a town of Men and Hobbits, the principal settlement of the Bree-land. Bree was founded in the Second Age, sometime before the foundation of Aronr in 3320, but its Hobbits did not settle there until about the Third Age 1300. In the days of the glory of Arnor, Bree was an important town, since it was situated at the crossing of the Great East Road by the North Road, but by the time of the War of the Ring it had dwindled in importance considerably. However, the Prancing Pony, Bree's ancient and famous inn, was still an important source of news. In the Fourth Age, Bree doubtless flourished once more. Bree was built against Bree Hill. The side not facing the Hill was surrounded by a hedge and a dike. There were two gates in this wall for the entrance and the exit of the Great East Road. At the time of the War of the Ring, Bree contained about a hundred stone houses in which Men lived, and a smaller number of Hobbit dwellings.
Nogrod was a Dwarf city of the First Age, located in the Ered Luin south of Mount Dolmed. The Dwarves of Nogrod traded throughout Beleriand and were employed by the Elves for various delvings, probably including Nargothrond. The craftsmen of Nogrod, above all Telchar, were renowned for the forging of weapons, but they also made the Nauglamír. Thingol asked craftsmen of Nogrod staying in Menegroth to set the Silmaril in the Nauglamír, but they coveted the jewel, killed Thingol, and stole the necklace. They in turn were caught and killed, but in retaliation an army from Nogrod sacked Menegroth. While returning to Nogrod they were ambushed and slain at Sarn Athrad by Beren, Dior, the Laiquendi, and the Ents. The Dwarves of Nogrod probably fought in the same battles of the Wars of Beleriand as their kin of Belegost, but in general they were less friendly with the Elves. The Khuzdul name of Nogrod was Tumunzahar. Nogrod was altered from an earlier Sindarin Novrod, the Hollowbold.