812 - Emperor Charlemagne, "Capitulare de Villis vel Curtis Imperiali Caroli Magni" - a document prepared to send to the royal stewards discussing care of the royal imperial estates and plants to be grown their gardens [Emperor Charlemagne, Capitulare de Villis vel Curtis Imperiali Caroli Magni, University of Leicester, School of Historical Studies, http://www.le.ac.uk/hi/polyptyques/capitulare/trans.html, January 2008]
816 - Plan Prepared for the St. Gall Monastary, Switzerland; an idealized plan mapping out what recommended monastery buildings and gardens should include [Lorna Price, The Plan of St. Gall in Brief (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1982) UM Reference Book NA 5851 .S23 H83 P94]
840 - Walafrid was a monastery resident, and wrote a poem which describes his garden and his work in it. [Walahfrid Strabo, Hortulus, translated by Raef Payne. (Pittsburgh, Hunt Botanical Library, 1966) UM Library book QK 46 .W1523 1966]
1143 - Hildegard of Bingen was a member of a German religious group. She wrote about plants for good health [Hildegard's Healing Plants: from her Medieval Classic Physica, translated by Bruce W. Hozeski. (Boston: Beacon Press, 2001.) UM Library book RM 666 .H33 H55213 2001]
1200 - Alexander Neckam, Abbot of Cirencester, writes a book which includes a list of the plants in his garden.[ Alexander Neckam, "De Naturis Rerum" ]
1215 - Ibn al-Baitar 1215AD, wrote a translation of Pedacius Dioscorides (60AD), "De Materia Medica". Dioscorides was a Greek physician who became a surgeon to Emperor Nero's armies. This book included descriptions of plants, their names, habitat, and use. (Mohamed Nazir Sankary, The Cilician Dioscorides Plant Materia Medica as Appeared in Ibn al-Baita, the Arab Herbalist of the 13th Century. (Aleppo University Publications, Institute for the History of Arabic Science, 1991) UM Library book RS 79 .I13 B35 S26
1280 - Henry the Poet 1280-1300, wrote about the hundred-or-so plants in his four-walled garden. John H. Harvey, The Square Garden of Henry the Poet, Garden History, Volume 15, No. 1, Spring 1987, pages 1 - 11.
1350 - Jon Gardener, "The Feate of Gardening", a poem listing plants growing in that English garden.
1360 - Friar Henry Daniel, 1280-1373, noted writer including the an Herbal, Rosemary cultivation, and medical texts, writes about garden plants. [John H. Harvey, "Henry Daniel A Scientific Gardener of the Fourteenth Century," Garden History, pages 81-93.]
1393 - "Le Menagier de Paris" a French gentleman with a new young wife, writes a guide for her listing many instructions and handy tips, including garden care. [Le Menagier de Paris, A Treatise on Moral and Domestic Economy by a Citizen of Paris (London, G. Routledge and Sons, Ltd., 1928), originally published in 1393.]
1485 - Unicorn Tapestries, woven between 1485-1500, have realistic images of a number of recognizeable plants. [(1) Eleanor C. Marquand, Plant Symbolism in the Unicorn Tapestries, Parnassusio, no. 5, 33, 40 (1938) pages 3-8; (2) E. J. Alexander and Carol H. Woodward, The Flora of the Unicorn Tapestries, Journal of the New York Botanical Garden, 42 (1941) pages 105-122
1492 - Giovanni, Tacuinum sanitatis [ (Giovanni, Tacuinum sanitatis) - a medieval book on health and wellbeing, describing beneficial and harmful properties of plants written and illuminated for the Cerruti Family) - The four seasons of the House of Cerruti, translated by Judith Spencer, (New York: Facts on File, 1984.) UM Library book RS79 .T33513 1984
1525 - Thomas Frommond, Carshalton, Surrey, England, plant list from the beginning of a recipe book listing plants necessary for a garden alphabetically by the common name they were known by; for pottage, cup, salad, style, savour, beauty, and roots for a garden
1577 - Thomas Hill, The gardeners labyrinth: : containing a discourse of the gardeners life, in the yearly travels to be bestowed on his plot of earth, for the use of a garden: with instructions for the choice of seeds, apt times for sowing, setting, planting, and watering, and the vessels and instruments seruing to that use and purpose: wherein are set forth diverse herbers, knots and mazes, cunningly handled for the beautifying of gardens. Also the phisicke benefit of each herb, plant, and flower, with the virtues of the distilled waters of every of them, as by the sequele may further appear. Gathered out of the best approved writers of gardening, husbandry, and phisicke: by Dydymus Mountaine London: Printed by Henry Ballard [and E. Allde], 1608, originally published in 1577]
1580 - Thomas Tusser writes an agricultural guide containing detailed lists of the plants commonly cultivated or gathered, [Thomas Tusser, Five hundred points of husbandry: directing what corn, grass, etc. is proper to be sown, what trees to be planted, how land is to be improved, with whatever is fit to be done for the benefit of the farmer in every month of the year London, 1580; reprinted London: J. Morphew, 1710]
1614 - Gervase Markham describes the common set of garden plants of his time in his agricultural practice books (Gervase Markham, Cheap and Good Husbandry, 1614)
1620 - City of London Gardens, 1599 - 1620; current archaeological sites unearth details about past plant usage [John Schofield. City of London Gardens, 1500-1620, Garden History, volume 27, No. 1, Tudor Gardens (Summer 1999), pages 73-88]
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