Multi-System Locomotives for Europe's power systems
(Updates welcome - send e-mail to khmiska@umich.edu)
Four different power systems power systems are in use in Europe. This 1992 chart shows which locomotives on Europe's major railroads can use more than one power system.
|
Electric Power Systems |
Multi-System Locomotives |
| 1.5 kV DC, 3.0 kV DC, 15 kV 16.67 Hz, 25 kV 50 Hz | DB BR 184, SBB RAe 4/22, SBB Ee 3/3IV, SCNF 40 100, SCNB 16 and 18 |
| 1.5 kV DC, 3.0 kV DC, 25 kV 50 Hz | SNCB 15 |
| 1.5 kV DC, 15 kV 16.67 Hz, 25 kV 50 Hz | SNCF TGV-SE (Trains 110 - 115 only) |
| 1.5 kV DC, 3.0 kV DC | SNCB 11 and 25.5, NS/SNCB "Benelux" |
| 3.0 kV DC, 25 kV 50 Hz | SNCB 12, RENFE AVE and 252, CSD 350 and 363 |
| 15 kV 16.67 Hz, 25 kV, 50 Hz | DB BR 181, SNCF 20 200, ÖBB 1063 and 1146, SBB Ee 3/3IV |
| 1.5 kV DC, 25 kV, 50 Hz | SNCF 21 000, 22 200, 25 100, 25 200, 25 500, 26 000, Z 8100, Z 8800, Z 9500, Z 9600, Z 20 500, TGV-SE, TGV-A |
| 3.0 kV DC, 15 kV 16.67 Hz | DR BR 230, CSD 372, ÖBB 1822 |
Source: "Stromkonflikte," Eisenbahn Magazin 5/92, page 38.
Following is an update sent to me in August 2003 by Michael Taylor, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
|
Locomotive |
Power system |
| DB BR 180 | 3.0 kV, DC and 15 kV 16.67 Hz |
| DB BR 182 and BR 185 | 15 kV, 16.67 Hz and 25 kV 50 Hz |
| DB BR 189 | 1.5 kV DC; 3.0 kV DC; 15 kV 16.67 Hz and 25 kV 50 Hz |
| ÖBB 1014, 1116 | 15 kV 16.67 Hz; 25 kV 50 Hz |
| ÖBB 1063 | 15 kV 16.67 Hz; 25 kV 50 Hz; Note: only the first 37 Loks of this class are dual voltage. |
| FS 402B | 1.5 kV DC; 3.0 kV DC; 25 kV 50 Hz |
| FS 412 | 3.0 kV DC; 15 kV 16.67 Hz |
Michael Taylor also writes, "the matter is more complex than simply looking at the four voltages. There is now a list of restrictions. To operate in a post2004 enlarged EU, you would need six "different" pantographs on top of these locomotives."
The pantographs are:
|
Pantograph |
Railroad |
| 1950 mm carbon | DB, ÖBB, DSB, SJ, NSB, CD (AC), ZSKK (AC) |
| 1950 mm metallized carbon | NS, SNCF (DC), SNCB, CD (DC), CFL (DC), ZSR (DC) |
| 1450 mm carbon | SBB, SNCF (AC), CFL (AC) |
| 2060 mm carbon | MAV |
| 1950 mm copper | PKP |
| 1450 copper | FS |
For an explanation of the railroad abbreviations, go to Railroad Companies