Abstract of Todd, T.N., and G.R. Smith. 1992. A review of differentiation of Great Lakes ciscoes. In T. N. Todd and M. Luczynski (Eds.) Proc. Internat. Symp. Biol. Manag. Coregonid Fishes. 39:262- 268.

The great lakes ciscoes are a natural group, including the lake herring, Coregonus artedi. Coregonus artedi (tullibee) outside the great lakes are the sister group.