Political Science 327: The Politics of the Metropolis
University of Michigan
Fall 2009

Gregory B. Markus
Professor of Political Science and Research Professor, Center for Political Studies
6735 Haven Hall
(734) 763-2222, gmarkus@umich.edu
Office hours: Mondays, 4:10 to 5:30 pm, or by appt.

Tim Ryan, GSI (TJRyan@umich.edu)
7735 Haven Hall
Office hours: Mon 12:15 to 2:15 pm, Tues 12:45 to 2:45 pm, or by appt.

COURSE OVERVIEW

It is in your interest to understand three important things about this course.

First, consistent with the official mission of the University of Michigan, the purpose of this course is to develop your capacities as "leaders and citizens who will challenge the present and enrich the future" so as to improve the quality of life in cities and the larger metropolitan areas in which they are embedded. In other words, this course is not intended for your private edification only but rather for you to put to active use for public purposes -- including right now.

Second, by registering for this course you agree to assume a share of responsibility for making it a learning experience for your classmates as well as for yourself. Sometimes that means posing a question, offering an answer, or providing a brief oral report in class on a supplementary reading or event.

Third, a significant part of the learning in this course will occur outside of the classroom and from sources other than readings. Expect to attend relevant presentations, films, or workshops outside of class during the semester. As part of this course you may also participate in a field trip or do research in the Detroit metro area. This is not a particularly difficult course in terms of its subject matter, but doing well in it will require a fair measure of your time and energy.

Grading

Course grading is on a no-curve 100-point system. Since I do not grade on a curve, there is no competition among you for a pre-set number of "A" grades. To the contrary, I encourage cooperation, studying together, and learning from one another. Of course, all work you submit must be your own.

Short Papers. You will write SIX papers of 1000 words each over the course of the semester on assigned topics. Because this course satisfies LSA's upper-level writing requirement (ULWR), expect to revise and resubmit at least one paper. Each paper is worth 10 points, for a total of 60 points.

Semester Project. You will develop and complete a semester project, worth 20 points, that involves integrating scholarly literature and your own original research on a topic that relates to our course. Collaborative projects are permitted, even encouraged. Submit to me by Sept. 30 a one-page proposal (by email) that includes: (1) a summary of the topic you propose to study and how you plan to do your research, (2) a list of collaborators (if any), and (3) a list of three key books or articles that will inform your research project. I will meet with each individual or team to discuss the proposed semester project. Your project must extend existing knowledge, not merely summarize what is already known, and it must have an explicit action implication. That is, it should offer recommendations for policies or practices that address an important metropolitan issue. The suggested length of the final project report is 2000 words (per collaborator) plus any accompanying material, such as charts or graphs, (i.e., two collaborators equals 4000 words). Your project report is due at 4 PM, Dec. 18.

Personal Initiative. The remaining 20 points will be based on your contribution to our learning as a group, such as through class discussions or outside study groups (10 points), and your participation in course-relevant out-of-class activities (10 points). You are expected to participate in five out-of-class activities, such as relevant events on campus, city or county government meetings, and community events. Within three days of your participation in an activity, please submit to me by email a brief (couple of paragraphs) report on what you did and how it served to deepen your understanding of some aspect of urban politics. These reports are intended to take no more than 15 minutes each to compose. Have at least two of these done by mid-semester break.

Course Readings

Lectures supplement the readings, not substitute for them -- and vice versa.

The following book, which we will read in its entirety, is available at local bookstores:

Sugrue, Thomas J. 1996. The Origins of the Urban Crisis: Race and Inequality in Postwar Detroit. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

All other required course readings (marked with an asterisk) will be available through the course C-Tools Website. The supplementary readings (no asterisk) are useful as sources for the semester projects, and I also draw on them for lectures.

COURSE OUTLINE

1. City Power: Sources, Limits, Uses, and Abuses
First assignment posted Sept. 23, due in class Sept. 30

* Glaeser, Edward L. 1998. "Are cities dying?" Journal of Economic Perspectives, 12 (2): 139-160.

* Reich, Robert. 1991. "The secession of the successful," New York Times Magazine (Jan. 20): 16-17+.

Katz, Bruce. 2000. "Enough of the small stuff! Toward a new urban agenda," Brookings Review, 18 (3): 4-9.

Jackson, Kenneth T. 2001. "Once again, the city beckons," New York Times (March 30).

Henderson, Vernon. 2002. "Urbanization in developing countries," World Bank Research Observer, 17 (1): 89-112.

Sept. 14. City Government: Structure, Power, and Limits, Part 1

* Frederickson, H. George, and Gary Alan Johnson. 2001. "The adapted American city: A study of institutional dynamics," Urban Affairs Review, 36 (6): 872-884.

* Mollenkopf, John. 1989. "Who (or what) runs cities, and how?" Sociological Forum, 4 (1): 119-137.

* Logan, John R., et al. 1997. "The character and consequences of growth regimes: An assessment of 20 years of research," Urban Affairs Review, 32 (5): 603-630.

U.S. Census Bureau. 2002. 2002 Census of Governments, Vol. 1 (1): Government Organization. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. Read pp. v-xii.

Sept. 16. City Government: Structure, Power, and Limits, Part 2

* Briffault, Richard. 1990. "Our localism: Part I -- The structure of local government law," Columbia Law Review, 90 (January): 1-115.

* Greenhouse, Linda. 2005. "Justices rule cities can take property for private development," New York Times (June 23).

* Nolan, Jenny. 2000. "Auto plant vs. neighborhood: The Poletown battle," Detroit News (Jan. 27).

Burns, Nancy. 1994. The Formation of American Local Governments: Private Values in Public Institutions. New York: Oxford University Press.

Rae, Douglas W. 2003. City: Urbanism and Its End. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Sept. 21. Racism, Deindustrialization, and the Urban Crisis, Part 1

* Sugrue, Thomas J. 1996. The Origins of Urban Crisis. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Read: Introduction, Chapters 1-6.

Sept. 23. Racism, Deindustrialization, and the Urban Crisis, Part 2

* Sugrue, Thomas J. 1996. The Origins of Urban Crisis. Read: Chapters 7-9, Conclusion.

Farley, Reynolds, Sheldon Danziger, and Harry J. Holzer. 2000. Detroit Divided. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.


2. Education and Safety: Primary Responsibilities of Local Government
Second assignment posted Oct 5, due in class Oct. 12

Sept. 28. Public Education, Part 1: Equal Opportunities or Savage Inequalities?

* Macedo, Stephen. 2003. "School reform and equal opportunity in America's geography of inequality," Perspectives on Politics, 1 (4): 743-755.

* Darling-Hammond, Linda. 1998. "Unequal opportunity: Race and education," Brookings Review, 16 (2), pp. 28-32.

* Sunderman, Gail L., et al. 2005. NCLB Meets School Realities: Lessons From the Field. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press. Chapter 1.

Center on Education Policy. 2007. "Answering the question that matters most: Has student achievement increased since No Child Left Behind?" Washington, DC: Center on Education Policy.

Payne, Charles M. 2008. So Much Reform, So Little Change: The Persistence of Failure in Urban Schools. Cambridge: Harvard Educational.

Reed, Douglas S. 2001. On Equal Terms: The Constitutional Politics of Educational Opportunity. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Sept. 30. Public Education, Part 2: What No School Can Do … Alone

* Traub, James. 2000. "What no school can do," New York Times Magazine (Jan. 26).

* Tough, Paul. 2006. "What it takes to make a student," New York Times Magazine (Nov. 26).

* Rothstein, Richard, et al. 2008. "Broader, bolder approach to education; Background papers." Washington, DC: Economic Policy Institute.

* Rothstein, Richard. 2001. "Reducing poverty could increase school achievement," New York Times (March 7).

Rothstein, Richard. 2001. "Assessing money's role in making schools better," New York Times (Nov. 14).

Shirley, Dennis. 2001. "Patience and politics: Alliance Schools develop parental leadership," Shelterforce (July/Aug.)

Lee, Valerie E., and David T. Burkam. 2002. Inequality at the Starting Gate. Washington, DC: Economic Policy Institute. (Executive summary)

Oct. 5. Public Safety and Justice, Part 1: Making Neighborhoods Safe

* Wilson, James Q., and George L. Kelling. 1989. "Making neighborhoods safe," Atlantic Monthly, 263 (2), pp. 46-52.

* Harcourt, Bernard E. 2002. "Policing disorder," Boston Review (April/May).

* Hurley, Dan. 2004. "On crime as science (a neighbor at a time)," New York Times (Jan. 6).

* Ceraso, Karen. 1997. "Partners in policing," Shelterforce, 2 (March/April).

* Sampson, Robert J., Stephen Raudenbush, and Felton Earls. 1997. "Neighborhoods and violent crime: A multi-level study of collective efficacy," Science, 277: 918-924.

Harcourt, Bernard E. 2001. Illusion of Order: The False Promise of Broken Windows Policing. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Skogan, Wesley G., ed. 2003. Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing: The Evidence. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.

Skogan, Wesley G., 2006. Police and Community in Chicago: A Tale of Three Cities. New York: Oxford University Press.

Oct. 7. Public Safety and Justice, Part 2: The Incarceration Explosion

* Western, Bruce. 2006. Punishment and Inequality in America. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Introduction.

* Anonymous. 2002. "A stigma that never fades," Economist (Aug. 10).

* Correctional Association of New York. 2001. "Effective Alternatives to the Drug Laws: What Works Best for Nonviolent Drug Offenders." New York: Correctional Association of New York.

* Western, Bruce. 2009. "Race, crime, and punishment," Cato Unbound (March 19).

Roman, Caterina Gouvis, and John Roman. 2008. "Jails packed? Cut recidivism," Philadelphia Daily News (June 4).

Roman, Caterina Gouvis, and Jeremy Travis. 2006. "Where will I sleep tomorrow? Housing, homelessness, and the returning prisoner," Housing Policy Debate, 17 (2): 389-419.

Eckholm, Erik. 2008. "Courts give addicts a chance to straighten out," New York Times (Oct. 14).

Butterfield, Fox. 2003. "With cash tight, states reassess long jail terms," New York Times (Nov. 10).

DiIulio, John J. 1999. "Two million prisoners are enough," Wall Street Journal, March 12.

U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics

Michigan Prisoner Re-entry Initiative

3. E Pluribus Unum? The Possibility of Community
Third assignment posted Oct. 21, due in class Oct. 28

Oct. 12. Ethno-Cultural Transformation of the Metropolis

* Fix, Michael E. and Jeffrey S. Passel. 2001. U.S. Immigration at the Beginning of the 21st Century. Washington, DC: Urban Institute.

* Lowenstein, Roger. 2006. "The immigration equation," New York Times Magazine (July 9).

* Huntington, Samuel P. 2004. "The Hispanic challenge," Foreign Policy (March/April).

Putnam, Robert D. 2007. "E Pluribus Unum: Diversity and community in the twenty-first century," Scandinavian Political Studies, 30 (2): 137-174.

Belson, Ken, and Jill P. Capuzzo. 2007. "Towns rethink laws against illegal immigrants." New York Times (Sept. 26).

James, Franklin J., Jeff A. Romine, and Peter E. Zwanzig. 1998. "The effects of immigration on urban communities," Cityscape 3 (3): 171-192.

Larsen, Luke 2004. "The foreign-born population in the United States: March 2003." Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau.

Oct. 14. Civil Society, Democracy, and Place: Challenges and Opportunities

* Arnstein, Sherry R. 1969. "A ladder of citizen participation," Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 35 (July): 216-224.

* Kretzmann, John P. 1995. "Building communities from the inside out," Shelterforce (Sept./Oct.)

* Sampson, Robert J., et al. 2005. "Civil society reconsidered: The durable nature and community structure of collective civic action," American Journal of Sociology, 111 (3): 673-715.

DeFilippis, James 2001. "The myth of social capital in community development," Housing Policy Debate, 12 (4): 781-806.

Lang, Robert E., and Steven P. Hornburg. 1998. "What is social capital and why is it important to public policy?" Housing Policy Debate, 9 (1): 1-16.

Mayer, Margit. 2003. "The onward sweep of social capital: Causes and consequences for understanding cities, communities, and urban movements," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 27(1): 110-132.

Oct. 19. BREAK

Oct. 21. Civil Society, Democracy, and Place: Si Se Puede!

* Ganz, Marshall. 2002. "What is organizing?" Social Policy, 33 (1): 16-17.

* Walljasper, Jay 1997. "When activists win: the renaissance of Dudley St." The Nation, March 3. See also the DSNI Website.

* To be shown in class: Mahan, Leah and Mark Lipman. 1996. "Holding Ground: The Rebirth of Dudley Street."

Sklar, Holly, and Peter Medoff. 1994. Streets of Hope: The Fall and Rise of an Urban Neighborhood. Boston: South End Press.

Oct. 26. Civil Society, Democracy, and Place: Basics of Community Organizing

* Fausset, Richard. 2008. "Community organizers have deep roots in democracy," Los Angeles Times (Sept. 18).

* Speer, Paul W., et al. 2003. "The intentional exercise of power: Community organizing in Camden, New Jersey," Journal of Community and Applied Psychology, 13: 399-408.

Ganz, Marshall. 2004. "Organizing." In George R. Goethals, Georgia J. Sorenson, and James MacGregor Burns, eds. Encyclopedia of Leadership. Vol. 3. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Warren, Mark R. 1998. "Community building and political power: a community organizing approach to democratic renewal," American Behavioral Scientist, 42 (1): 78-92.


4. Urban Poverty: Origins, Solutions
Fourth assignment posted Nov. 9, due in class Nov. 16

Oct. 28. Urban Poverty, Part 1

* Montemurri, Patricia, Kathleen Gray, and Cecil Angel. 2005. "Detroit tops nation in poverty census," Detroit Free Press (Aug. 31).

* Wilson, William Julius. 1996. "Work," New York Times Magazine (Aug. 18): 27+.

* Wilson, William J. 2009. "More than just race: Being black and poor in the inner city," Poverty & Race Research Action Council, 18 (May/June).

Small, Mario Luis and Katherine Newman. 2001. "Urban poverty after The Truly Disadvantaged: the rediscovery of the family, the neighborhood, and culture," Annual Review of Sociology, 27: 23-45.

U.S. Census Bureau -- latest information on poverty in the U.S.

Nov. 2. Urban Poverty, Part 2

* Dickerson, Debra. 1999. "Pennies from hell," Village Voice (May 5-11). (Review of No Shame in My Game, by Katherine Newman.)

* Smith, Joel J. 2007. "26,000 apply for 1,000 casino jobs," Detroit News (March 28).

* Hout, Michael. 2004. Review of The Hidden Cost of Being African American: How Wealth Perpetuates Inequality, by Thomas M. Shapiro. Washington Post (Feb. 15).

* Krueger, Alan B. 2002. "Sticks and stones can break bones, but the wrong name can make a job hard to find," New York Times (Dec. 12).

* Morin, Richard. 2001. "Misperceptions cloud whites' view of blacks," Washington Post (July 11), p. A1.

Reed, Adolph Jr. 1988. "The liberal technocrat," The Nation, 246 (Feb. 6): 167+.

Elliott, James R. 2004. "The work of cities: Underemployment and urban change in late-20th-Century America," Cityscape, 7 (1): 107-133.

Iceland, John. 1997. "Urban labor markets and individual transitions out of poverty," Demography, 34 (3): 429-441.

Edin, Kathryn. 2000. "Few good men: Why poor women don't remarry," The American Prospect, 11(4).

Holzer, Harry J., et al. 2004. "Declining employment among young black less-educated men: The role of incarceration and child support." Madison, WI: Institute for Research on Poverty.

Kotz, Nick. 2005. "Review of When Affirmative Action Was White, by Ira Katznelson," New York Times (Aug. 28).

Pattillo-McCoy, Mary. 2000. "The limits of out-migration for the Black middle class," Journal of Urban Affairs, 22 (3): 225-241.

Mouw, Ted. 2000. "Job relocation and the racial gap in unemployment in Detroit and Chicago," American Sociological Review, 65 (Oct.): 730-753.

Blank, Rebecca M., Marilyn Dabady, and Constance F. Citro, eds. 2004. Measuring Racial Discrimination. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. Chapter 4. "Theories of Discrimination."

Massey, Douglas S. 1990. "American apartheid: segregation and the making of the underclass," American Journal of Sociology, 96 (2): 329-357.

Nov. 4. Community and Economic Development part 1

* Belson, Ken. 2007. "Vacant houses, scourge of a beaten-down Buffalo," New York Times (Sept. 13).

* Glaeser, Edward L. 2005. "Smart growth: education, skilled workers, and the future of cold-weather cities." Cambridge, MA: J. F. Kennedy School of Government.

* Lessenberry, Jack. 2006. "Men of the people," Metrotimes (April 4).

* Porter, Michael E. 1995. "The competitive advantage of the inner city," Harvard Business Review, 73 (May-June): 55-71.

Saxenian, AnnaLee. 1996. "Inside-out: regional networks and industrial adaptation in Silicon Valley and Route 128," Cityscape, 2 (2): 41-60.

Nov. 9. Community and Economic Development part 2

* Goozner, Merrill. 1998. "The Porter prescription," The American Prospect, 38, May-June.

* Eisinger, Peter. 2000. "The politics of bread and circuses: Building the city for the visitor class," Urban Affairs Review, 35 (3): 316-333.

* Ehrenhalt, Alan, 2008. "Trading Places; The demographic inversion of the American city," The New Republic (Aug. 13).

* Guyette, Curt. 2001. "Down a green path: An alternative vision for a section of east Detroit takes shape," Metrotimes, Oct. 31.

Lyderson, Kari. 2008. "Making food deserts bloom," Shelterforce (Summer).

Sittenfeld, Curtis. 1999. "Hope is a weapon," Fast Company, 22 (Feb.), p. 178.

Kummer, Corby. 2008. "A papaya grows in Holyoke," Atlantic (April): 115-118.

Franklin, Rachel S. 2003. "Migration of the young, single, and college-educated, 1995-2000." Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau.


5. A Decent Place for All to Live and Work
Fifth assignment posted Nov. 18, due in class Nov. 30

Nov. 11. The Housing Bubble

* Brooks, Rick, and Constance Mitchell Ford. 2007. "The United States of Subprime," Wall Street Journal (Oct. 11), p. A1.

* French, Ron. 2007. "How home loan boom went bust," Detroit News (Nov. 27).

* Bajaj, Vikas, and Michael M. Grynbaum. 2008. "About 1 in 11 mortgageholders face loan problems," New York Times (June 6).

* Bajaj, Vikas, and Ford Fessenden. 2007. "What's behind the race gap?" New York Times (Nov. 4).

* Bajaj, Vikas. 2008. "Communities become home buyers to fight decay," New York Times (Aug. 26).

* Fuller, Andrea. 2009. "U.S. effort aids only 9% of eligible homeowners," New York Times (Aug. 4).

Carr, James H. 2007. "Responding to the foreclosure crisis,” Housing Policy Debate 18 (4).

Renuart, Elizabeth. 2004. "An overview of the predatory lending process," Housing Policy Debate, 15 (3): 467-502.

Paul S. Calem, 2004. "Neighborhood patterns of subprime lending: Evidence from disparate cities," Housing Policy Debate, 15 (3): 603-622.

French, Ron. 2007. "From Birmingham to Detroit, no metro city is immune," Detroit News (Nov. 27).

Nov. 16. Public Services: Affordable Housing

* Uchitelle, Louis. 2001. "By listening, 3 economists show slums hurt the poor," New York Times, Feb. 18. (A full report of the study by Lawrence Katz et al. is available in the Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2001 (2).)

* Saulny, Susan. 2007. "At housing project, both fear and renewal," New York Times (March 18).

* Popkin, Susan J., et al. 2004. "The HOPE VI Program: What about the residents?" Housing Policy Debate, 15 (2): 385-414.

* Popkin, Susan J. 2008. "New Findings on the Benefits and Limitations of Assisted Housing Mobility," Urban Institute (April 14).

* Dreier, Peter, and David Moberg. 1996. "Moving from the 'hood: the mixed success of integrating suburbia," The American Prospect, 7 (24).

* Swope, Christopher. 2003. "Section 8 is broken," ShelterForce, 123 (Jan./Feb.).

* Kennedy, Maureen, and Paul Leonard. 2001. "Dealing with neighborhood change: a primer on gentrification and policy choices." Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.

Von Hoffman, Alexander. 1997. "Good news! From Boston to San Francisco the community-based housing movement is transforming bad neighborhoods," Atlantic Monthly, 279 (Jan.): 31-35.

Grigsby, William G., and Steven C. Bourassa. 2004. "Section 8: Time for a change?" Housing Policy Debate, 15 (4): 805-834.

Joseph, Mark L. 2006. "Is mixed-income development an antidote to urban poverty?" Housing Policy Debate, 17 (2): 209-234.

Pashup, Jennifer. 2005 "Participation in a residential mobility program from the client’s perspective: Findings from Gautreaux Two," Housing Policy Debate, 16 (3/4): 361-392.

Seliga, Joseph. 2000. "Gautreaux a generation later: The second ghetto or creating the third?" Northwestern University Law Review, 94 (3): 1049-1098.

Sharoff, Robert. 2000. "In Chicago, an attempt to upgrade a neighborhood," New York Times (Sept. 10).

Dewan, Shaila. 2006. "Gentrification changing face of new Atlanta," New York Times (March 11).

Freeman, Lance. 2005. "Displacement or succession? Residential mobility in gentrifying neighborhoods," Urban Affairs Review, 40 (4): 463-491.

Stoecker, Randy. 1997. "The CDC Model of urban redevelopment: A critique and an alternative," Journal of Urban Affairs, 19 (1): 1-22.

Von Hoffman, Alexander. 2003. House by House, Block by Block: The Rebirth of America's Urban Neighborhoods. New York: Oxford University Press.

Venkatesh, Sudhir. 2000, American Project: The Rise and Fall of a Modern Ghetto. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Shelterforce Magazine. Articles about CDCs.

Housing Policy Debate. Quarterly journal of housing and urban affairs research

Nov 18. Regional Transportation

* Downs, Anthony. 2004. "Traffic: Why it's getting worse, what government can do." Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.

* Meredith, Robyn. 1998. "Job-seeking Detroiters cannot get to where the jobs are," New York Times (May 26).

* Rothschild, Emma. 2009. "Can we transform the auto-industrial society?" New York Review of Books (Feb. 26).

* Weyrich, Paul M., and William S. Li. 1996. "Conservatives and Mass Transit: Is it Time for a New Look?" Washington, DC: Free Congress Foundation.

Grengs, Joe. 2005. "Fighting for balanced transportation in the Motor City," Progressive Planning (Spring).

Schneider, Keith. 2006. "Trains, planes and (fewer) automobiles," Metrotimes (March 8).

Tagliabue, John. 2008. "European tram makers to gain From U.S. streetcar push," New York Times (Nov. 12).

Sanchez, Thomas W., Rich Stolz, and Jacinta S. Ma. 2003. Moving to Equity: Addressing Inequitable Effects of Transportation Policies on Minorities. Cambridge, MA: The Civil Rights Project at Harvard University. (Read the Executive Summary.)

Bullard, Robert D., Glenn S. Johnson, and Angel O. Torres. 2002. Transportation Justice for All: Addressing Equity in the 21st Century. Atlanta: Clark Atlanta University Environmental Justice Resource Center.

Murray, Mark. 2000. "Seeking justice in roads and runways," National Journal, 32 (March 4): 712.

Metropolitan Land Use Institute, "Transportation" (useful articles and resources)

Nov. 23. Public Services: Health and Environmental Protection

* Epstein, Helen. 2003. "Enough to make you sick?" New York Times Magazine (Oct. 12).

* Perez-Pena, Richard. 2003. "An everyday struggle for breath; Childhood asthma project reaches out in Harlem," New York Times (May 1), p. B1.

* Little, Amanda Griscom. 2007. "Not in whose backyard?" New York Times (Sept. 2).

* Kolbert, Elizabeth. 2009. "Greening the ghetto," New Yorker (Jan. 12).

* McKnight, John. 1995. "Politicizing health care." In John McKnight, The Careless Society. New York: Basic Books.

Corburn, Jason. 2004. "Confronting the challenges in reconnecting urban planning and public health," American Journal of Public Health, 94 (4): 541-546.

Pace, David. 2006. "More blacks live with pollution," Associated Press.

Pace, David. 2006. "Neighborhoods with unhealthy air are fighting back against tough odds,"Associated Press.

Noble, Holcomb B. 1999. "Far more poor children are hospitalized for asthma, study shows," New York Times, July 27, p. B1.

Bullard, Robert D., Glenn S. Johnson, and Angel O. Torres. 2000. Race, Equity, and Smart Growth. Atlanta: Environmental Justice Resource Center.

Higgins, Jessica. 2008. "Evaluating the Chicago brownfields initiative: The effects of city-initiated brownfield redevelopment on surrounding communities," Northwestern Journal of Law and Social Policy, 3 (2): 240-262.

Bryant, Bunyan, ed. 1995. Environmental Justice: Issues, Policies, and Solution. Washington, D.C.: Island Press.

Pellow, David Naguib. 2002. Garbage Wars: The Struggle for Environmental Justice in Chicago. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Nov. 25. NO CLASS


6. What’s a Metropolis, and Why Should We Care?
Sixth assignment posted Dec. 7, due in class Dec. 14

Nov. 30. Regional Sprawl, Part 1

* Downs, Anthony. 1998. "How America's cities are growing: The big picture," Brookings Review (Fall): 8-11.

* Gallagher, John. 1999. "Government choices sped Detroit's blight," Detroit Free Press. April 10.

* Grant, Peter. 2001. "Sprawl thins populations of older suburbs; Rapid development at fringes is leaving hollowed-out cores," Wall Street Journal (July 9), p. A2.

* Katz, Bruce and Jennifer Bradley. 1999. "Divided we sprawl," Atlantic Monthly, 284 (December): 26-42.

* Patterson, L. Brooks. "Sprawl, Schmall... Give Me More Development."

LeRoy, Greg, Allison Lack, and Karla Walter. 2006. The Geography of Incentives: Economic Development and Land Use in Michigan. Washington, DC: Good Jobs First.

Nechyba, Thomas J. and Randall P. Walsh, 2004. "Urban sprawl," Journal of Economic Perspectives, 18 (4): 177-200.

Metropolitan Land Use Institute, "Growth Management in Michigan" (Lots of useful articles and resources)

Garreau, Joel. 1991. Edge City: Life on the New Frontier, New York: Doubleday.

Gillham, Oliver. 2002. The Limitless City: A Primer on the Urban Sprawl Debate. Washington, DC: Island Press.

Jackson, Kenneth T. 1985. Crabgrass Frontier: The Suburbanization of the United States. New York: Oxford University Press.

Oliver, J. Eric. 2001. Democracy in Suburbia. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Dec. 2. Regional Sprawl, Part 2

* Kurth, Joel, et al. 2001. "Region is diverse, not mixed: Metro Detroit is most segregated area in nation, census shows," Detroit News (April 1).

* View online: Cook, Christopher M. 2001. "The Sprawling of America: Inner City Blues" (55 minutes).

* Baum, Howell S. 2004. "Smart growth and school reform: What if we talked about race and took community seriously?" Journal of the American Planning Association, 70 (1): 14-26.

Barringer, Felicity. 2008. "California moves on bill to curb sprawl and emissions," New York Times (Aug. 29).

Dec. 7. Metropolitics: A Market of Places?

* Briffault, Richard. 1990. "Our localism: Part II -- localism and legal theory," Columbia Law Review, 90 (March): 346-454.

* Swanstrom, Todd. 2001. "What we argue about when we argue about regionalism," Journal of Urban Affairs, 23 (5): 479-496.

* Lambert, Bruce. 2006. "'First' suburbs growing older and poorer, report warns," New York Times (Feb. 16).

Voith, Richard. 1998. "Do suburbs need cities?" Journal of Regional Science, 38 (3): 445-464.

Haughwout, Andrew F. 2000. "The paradox of infrastructure investment: can a productive good reduce productivity?" Brookings Review, 18 (3): 38-41.

Imbroscio, David L. 2006. "Shaming the inside game: A critique of the liberal expansionist approach to addressing urban problems," Urban Affairs Review, 42 (2): 224-248.

Swanstrom, Todd. 2006. "Regionalism, equality, and democracy," Urban Affairs Review, 42 (2): 249-257.

Puentes, Robert and David Warren. 2006. "One-fifth of America: A comprehensive guide to America's first suburbs." Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.

Ostrom, Vincent, Charles M. Tiebout, and Robert Warren. 1961. "The organization of government in metropolitan areas: a theoretical inquiry," American Political Science Review, 55 (4): 831-842.

Glaeser, Edward L. 2000. "The future of urban research: non-market interactions." In William G. Gale and Janet Rothenberg Pack, eds. Brookings-Wharton: Papers on Urban Affairs 2000. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.

Pastor, Manuel, Jr., Peter Dreier, Eugene Grigsby III, and Marta Lopez-Garza. 1998. "Growing together: Linking regional and community development in a changing economy," Shelterforce, (Jan./Feb.).

Dreier, Peter J., John H. Mollenkopf, and Todd Swanstrom. 2004. Place Matters: Metropolitics for the Twenty-first Century, 2nd ed. Lawrence, KS: University of Kansas Press.

Dec. 9. Metropolitics: Regional Governance

* Voith, Richard. 1996. "Central city decline: Regional or neighborhood solutions?" Business Review (March/April).

* Gurwitt, Rob. 1998. "The quest for common ground," Governing (June), pp. 16+.

* Orfield, Myron. 1998. "Conflict or consensus: Forty years of Minnesota metropolitan politics," Brookings Review, Fall, 16 (4).

Frug, Gerald E. 2002. "Beyond regional government," Harvard Law Review, 115 (7): 1763-1836.


Dec. 14. Wrap-up and Student Presentations