1994 in Review: Orange County Gets a Reputation


DATE                  01/01/95
NEWSPAPER             THE ORANGE COUNTY REGISTER
SECTION               METRO
EDITION               MORNING
PAGE                  b01
STORY LENGTH          120 INCHES
HEADLINE              YEAR OF GOODBYES // Fondly to Richard Nixon; most likely 
                         to the Rams; definitely to about $2 billion of county 
                         taxpayers' money
BYLINE/CREDIT         DAN FROOMKIN:  The Orange County Register
SUBJECT TERMS         OC:HISTORY

     In 1994, Orange County got a reputation.
     In the course of a few days in December, the county's image as
  sunny, moneyed suburbia on conservative bedrock sunk to the tune of
  $2 billion, re-emerging as a half-broke symbol of scandal, greed and failed
  governance.
     But haplessly tumbling into the nation's biggest municipal
  bankruptcy filing wasn't the only way the county got worldwide
  attention in 1994.
     It seemed like wherever there was controversy or misfortune,
  there we were.
     In 1994, world leaders converged on Yorba Linda to bury Richard
  Nixon and to praise him, laying to rest in Orange County soil the
  only president ever to resign.
     In 1994, a county group fueled by antipathy toward illegal
  immigrants forged the most divisive ballot measure in California
  history -- Proposition 187 -- and saw its landslide victory send
  shock waves around the country.
     In 1994, everything stopped as football hero O.J. Simpson,
  suddenly a hunted murder suspect, led police on a surreal televised
  chase that started in Tustin.
     And in 1994, Orange County experienced more than its share of
  gruesome criminal exploits and bizarre plot twists, including a
  frozen corpse, alleged child torture and a false confession to
  arson.
     Maybe it was a sign when, just 17 days into the new year, the
  Northridge earthquake knocked the big Sony Jumbotron off the top of
  Anaheim Stadium.
     In 1994, you just didn't want to keep score.

     Other than the big quake, which shook the county up but did
  almost all its damage to the north, 1994 actually started slow.
     But on Feb. 19, the body of a 20-year-old Cal State Fullerton
  honor student missing for a week was found in the trunk of her car in
  a parking lot three miles from her Placentia home. Cathy Torrez's
  family is still searching for her killer.
     In the most unusual rescue of the year, Fountain Valley
  firefighters on March 25 plucked Mike Simpson's gold and diamond
  ring from atop a light pole in a mall parking lot.
     "I was throwing out stale pretzels to a bunch of little, hungry
  sea gulls," Simpson said. "On one swing, my ring came off. Snap,
  one of them had it."
     A few days later, two men with shaved heads were shot dead on a
  Main Street sidewalk in Huntington Beach. One victim bore a tattoo
  reading "Die Now, Live Later." The killer hasn't been caught.
     On April 22, four days after suffering a massive stroke, former
  President Richard Milhous Nixon died in New York at age 81.
     The plane that had served him as Air Force One flew his body
  home to Orange County to be buried alongside his wife, Pat.
     The funeral was held April 27 in the garden of the Richard Nixon
  Library & Birthplace in Yorba Linda.
     Nixon divided the nation when he lived.
  But upon his death, Democratic and Republican leaders declared it
  was time to remember his successes in foreign policy -- and lay to
  rest the bitterness about his failures, including the Watergate
  scandal.
     "May the day of judging him on anything less than his entire
  life and career come to a close," President Clinton said.
     About 42,000 people paid their respects to the former president
  as he lay in state at the library. Some spent the whole night
  before the funeral in a chilly line that snaked through miles of
  nearby cul-de-sacs.
     "I wouldn't have missed this," said Leslie VanBorssun, 46,
  crying at the end of her eight-hour wait, just before 7 a.m. "His
  family needs to know how much he's loved."

     On May 3, in the dramatic conclusion of Orange County's "honor
  roll murder" story, straight-A student Robert Chan was convicted of
  first-degree murder in the brutal killing of fellow honor student
  Stuart Tay on New Year's Eve 1992.
     Speculation over when and if the Rams would leave Anaheim was a
  yearlong phenomenon, but May 3 was the day Rams management actually
  handed the city a $2 million check to start the process of backing
  out of their lease at the Big A.
     On May 20, the body of a Huntington Beach woman who left an
  Orange nightclub with a man she had just met was found in a nearby
  parking lot, so badly beaten that her blood splattered a
  6-foot-high wall.
     Police said the killer of Leanora Wong, 23, was Edward P.
  Morgan, a 28-year-old bodybuilder just released from Folsom State
  Prison. They tracked him to a Northern California hide-out and
  arrested him.
     And May 25, 18-year-old Debi French of Westminster lost her
  upper right lung -- but won back her life.
     One of at least 16 La Quinta High School students to develop
  active cases of tuberculosis, French's strain did not respond to
  traditional treatment. Surgery was her only option.
     At La Quinta, tests showed that 304 students -- or about 23
  percent of the student body -- had been infected with the
  tuberculosis bacterium. About 10 percent of those infected with the
  bacteria develop active cases during their lifetimes.
     Health officials said the La Quinta outbreak was the nation's
  worst incidence of drug-resistant TB at a school.

     On June 1, the 1988 Teacher of the Year at Sunny Hills High
  School, Janet Greene, allegedly tried to kill her former lover and
  another woman after breaking into the former lover's Glendora
  residence and firing at both women while they chatted in the
  kitchen.
     But June 1 also was the day a woman whose 1976 one-night stand
  produced a daughter was reunited with the father. Suzie White
  placed an ad in the Register: "Looking for a white violin named
  Casper."
     A reporter worked the phones to track down the violin's owner,
  Paul McIntire, a bluegrass musician on a fiddle-playing gig in
  Taiwan. McIntire and White were reunited on the phone -- and
  17-year-old Stefani Tewes found a daddy.
     June 7 was primary day in California. Most folks focused on the
  statewide races, but Orange County voters also re-elected their
  longtime treasurer-tax collector, Robert L. Citron.
     Citron's opponent, accountant John Moorlach, argued during the
  campaign that Citron's complicated investment strategy put the
  money at risk.
     "The attacks on my reputation as an investor of public funds
  were irresponsible and they have backfired," Citron said
  triumphantly.
     On June 14, bulldozers rumbled into Laguna Canyon hours after a
  federal judge approved construction of the controversial San
  Joaquin Hills toll road, which had been stalled for nine months.
  Protesters wept.
     The next day, tollway work was halted again, by a federal
  appeals court judge. This same sequence repeated itself at
  Christmastime. The bulldozers got in only four days of work all
  year.
     Orange County's biggest commuters got some good news June 15.
  The California gray whale became the first marine mammal to be
  taken off the federal Endangered Species List.
     The gray-whale population has swollen to 23,000, about the
  number that existed before the species was almost wiped out by
  commercial whalers in the late 19th century.
     Also in June, Masoud Karkehabadi, 13, became the youngest person
  to graduate from the University of California, Irvine. He is now
  researching a cure for Parkinson's disease.
     Even hosting the World Cup for a month couldn't make the United
  States into a country of soccer fans. Orange County and the nation
  did, however, have a one-day love affair with the game.
     The fledgling U.S. team, which trained in Mission Viejo, stunned
  everybody by scoring a victory in the second week of the tournament
  -- before getting edged out by soccer juggernaut Brazil.

     But June was really about O.J. Simpson. And O.J. was in O.C. at
  some pivotal moments.
     On June 16, Simpson was at a Lake Forest cemetery to help bury
  his ex-wife, former Dana Hills High School homecoming princess
  Nicole Brown Simpson, who had been brutally murdered four days
  earlier.
     The next day, Simpson was in Orange County again, but this time
  as a wanted man.
     Los Angeles police officers had gone to a San Fernando Valley
  home around noon to allow Simpson to surrender to charges that he
  hacked his ex-wife and waiter Ronald Goldman to death. But he had
  vanished.
     Around 6:25 p.m., Mission Viejo resident Kathy Ferrigno checked
  her side-view mirror while riding north on the Santa Ana (I-5)
  Freeway -- and became the first person to spot the now-famous white
  Ford Bronco.
     Her boyfriend's call to 911 helped police pinpoint Simpson, and
  set off the slow-speed chase that riveted the nation for 90 minutes.
     Orange County maintained a close link to the Simpson story all
  year. Nicole Brown Simpson's parents and sister live in Dana Point,
  along with Simpson's two children,
     And sister Denise Brown took the gloves off in November and told
  the Register that the family is sure Simpson is guilty.

     In Huntington Beach on the Fourth of July, dozens of revelers
  were beaten as police officers with batons dispersed a rowdy
  nighttime crowd.
     Police conduct during the city's second annual Independence Day
  melee is being investigated by the FBI.
     On July 13, three years after Denise Huber vanished from the
  side of the Corona del Mar (73) Freeway, the mystery of the
  23-year-old waitress's disappearance came to a sickening conclusion.
     Police in Dewey, Ariz., found Huber's corpse inside a freezer in
  a stolen Ryder rental truck.
     Police arrested a former Orange County house painter, John
  Joseph Famalaro, 37, and said he bludgeoned and sodomized Huber in
  a Laguna Hills storage warehouse before wrapping her nude,
  handcuffed body in plastic and putting it in the freezer.
     Famalaro is awaiting trial; the Hubers, who have since moved to
  South Dakota, were finally able to bury their daughter, on Aug. 2.

     The slow but steady vacating of the El Toro Marine Corps Air
  Station officially began Aug. 24 as 21 F/A-18 Hornets screamed off
  the runways -- and flew to San Diego. 
    "I guess it just hits home: We're really moving," said Marine Corps 
  Capt. Margaret Kuhn. The base closes for good in 1999.
     Hughes Aircraft Co. announced in September that it would close
  virtually all of its huge plant in Fullerton. The move meant pink
  slips or transfers for more than 6,000 people.
     It was the single biggest blow the county suffered as a result
  of the shrinking defense industry.
     Also in September, in one of the most sadistic episodes of child
  abuse ever brought to light in the county, a former playground
  supervisor was charged with torturing her 10-year-old nephew.
     Police said Cynthia Medina seared the child's tongue with
  red-hot knives, whipped him with electric cords and sexually
  assaulted him with a souvenir baseball bat.
     The story caught even a jaded county by the throat, and
  generated a deluge of messages of love to the boy.
     "I hope that you do get well and I hope you can have some fun,"
  read a letter from a boy named Ron. "I'm 13 and I get hit, too."
     Four county residents, including real estate heiress Joan Irvine
  Smith, worth $350 million, made Forbes magazine's 1994 list of the
  country's 400 richest people.
     But money can't buy a son's obedience. On Sept. 16, Smith's
  third son, Morton, 29, married a woman his mother can't stand. Or,
  as the National Enquirer headline put it: "He Gives Up $100 Million
  to Marry the Girl He Loves."
     As September came to a close, a man describing himself as a
  homeless illegal immigrant confessed to setting the catastrophic
  Laguna Beach firestorm of 1993. He said he did it to summon a demon
  called Gotam.
     The next day, Orange County District Attorney Michael Capizzi
  stood before a bank of television cameras and announced that
  charges had been filed against Jose Soto Martinez.
     But Register reporters quickly determined that Martinez was
  really Jaime Saille Higuera, who lived with his family in Fullerton
  -- and was in a Mexican prison cell on the day of the Laguna inferno.
     Capizzi dropped the Laguna charges less than a week after he
  filed them. Martinez later pleaded guilty to setting three smaller
  fires in Fullerton, and was sentenced to state prison.

     During nine days in October, a Vietnamese-American delegation
  from Orange County traveled to Vietnam to discuss business ventures
  -- the first such group to return since hundreds of thousands of
  Vietnamese fled the communist government.
     The trip was seen as a major step toward normalizing relations
  with Vietnam -- and as a result, convulsed Orange County's
  Vietnamese community. Some leaders applauded the trip; others
  denounced its organizer, Co Pham, as a traitor.
     On Oct. 11, a man lost his life over a 12-pack of Meister Brau.
  Cipriano Martinez Vasquez, 27, stole the beer from a Fullerton
  convenience store -- then died when a customer chased him down and
  pinned him in a choke hold.
     An autopsy suggested that Vasquez had a heart condition that
  flared up because of the choke hold, and charges were never filed
  against the customer, ex-Marine Mitchell Gohman, 42.
     Six weeks later, Gohman's 14-year-old son, Jason, went to a
  Fullerton park to shoot baskets and stumbled across the body of an
  apparent suicide victim.
     "The world's always been a violent place. People just don't like
  to deal with that," Mitchell Gohman said.
     On Oct. 12, Treasurer Citron announced that interest earnings on
  funds invested in the county pool might be down a bit, due to
  higher interest rates. But, he said, "Nobody's going to lose a
  penny of principal."
     Victoria Ingram's wedding gift to husband Randall Curlee was
  from the heart. Well, actually slightly lower in the body.
     Ingram gave Curlee one of her kidneys, since both of his had
  failed. The transplant operation, set for their wedding day, Oct.
  11, was postponed after a slight medical hitch but eventually went
  smoothly for the Mission Viejo couple.
     In late October, 14 months after Newport Beach scholar and
  human-rights activist Amy Biehl was killed by a mob in a South
  African township, three men were convicted of her murder and
  sentenced to 18-year prison terms.
     "Amy was a good spirit, a caring spirit," her father, Peter
  Biehl, said after the verdicts. "In a way, this is a triumph of
  good over evil in South Africa."
     Halloween night, Michael Anthony Osornio became the first La
  Habra police officer  to be killed on duty when his patrol car was
  broadsided by a drunken driver. Osornio, 26, had proposed to his
  childhood sweetheart just two weeks earlier.

     On Nov. 8, voters around the country acted like they all lived
  in Orange County. They elected Republicans.
     But as Election Day approached in California, passions ran
  highest about a ballot measure that its authors, most from Orange
  County, dubbed "Save Our State."
     Proposition 187 called for government services, including free
  public education, to be denied to illegal immigrants. Many local
  residents saw genius in the measure, saying it would save the state
  money while ending the rewards for people who don't play by the
  rules.
     But to liberals and many minority groups, 187 carried the stink
  of racism and cruelty -- and represented the worst of the politics
  of blame.
     Hundreds of county students walked out of classes and into the
  streets to protest what they called anti-immigrant hysteria. But
  most people stayed out of the streets. And when they went to the
  polls, they voted yes.
     Prop. 187 swept the state -- winning by a 2-to-1 margin in Orange
  County. Opponents mourned the message; supporters quickly grew
  furious as their will got mired in legal challenges.

     After 38 years and about 150 million passengers, Disneyland's
  Skyway ride shut down in November, going the way of the Mission to
  Mars. Old, slow, boring, it fell victim to Disneyland's quest to be
  hip.
     "I am really going to miss it," said Jimmy Wallace, 11, of Yorba
  Linda.
     On Nov. 9, police arrested Edward Charles III, 22, the lone
  surviving member of a Fullerton family of four, and said he beat
  and choked his parents, stabbed his younger brother, then threw all
  three bodies inside a car and set it on fire.
     On Nov. 15, 5-year-old Buena Park kindergartner Tyler Palmer
  picked up a razor blade he had found on the ground. When he got on
  his school bus, he had bought himself a quick ride to expulsion.
     Tyler became the youngest victim of the Centralia School
  District's "zero tolerance policy" for weapons. His parents
  plea-bargained and got the sentence reduced to a midyear transfer.

     And on Dec. 1, the bottom fell out of the county.
     After months of defending his strategies, Treasurer Citron was
  forced by a cash-flow crunch to admit that the portfolio he
  controlled -- about $7.5 billion in public money -- had lost $1.5
  billion in value.
     In the roulette game of finance, Citron had bet on black -- that
  interest rates would stay low. Then the wheel went red.
     How could he lose so much, so fast? Citron had doubled or
  tripled his bets by borrowing extensively to increase the portfolio
  and buy risky securities.
     While his streak lasted, the strategy paid off handsomely. Then
  it multiplied the losses.
     Within four days, Citron was forced to resign. And the next day,
  Dec. 6, Orange County filed for bankruptcy protection so that it
  could stave off hungry creditors while it figured out what to do.
     The county and other agencies that invested in the pool face the
  likely loss of 27 percent of their principal.
     The Securities and Exchange Commission and the Orange County
  District Attorney's Office have launched investigations and seized
  mountains of paperwork.
     County government faces massive layoffs and service cuts, just
  to staunch a tiny bit of the bleeding. Some cities are nearly
  broke. School districts -- particularly those that borrowed
  extensively -- may face bankruptcy and state takeover.
     The big story of 1995 will surely be the legacy of 1994.

     On Christmas Day, what was probably the last Rams game in
  Anaheim drew a paltry crowd of 25,705, the smallest flock for the
  franchise in more than 40 years.
     And the new and improved, $3.4 million, bigger, better Sony
  Jumbotron couldn't hide one simple fact: The home team lost again.
     It was that kind of year.

  CHART/LIST:     NOTABLE O.C. DEATHS OF 1994

  Gregory Osborne, 39, former soloist with the American Ballet
  Theatre, in Newport Beach on Jan. 8.

  Harold T. "Hal" Segerstrom Jr., 70, farmer, developer, patron of
  the arts, on Jan. 20.

  Paul Vang, 46, son of a Hmong farmer, leader of Orange County's
  Hmong community, on Jan. 29.

  Frank Newman, 49, founding member of many of Orange County's gay
  and lesbian and HIV/AIDS groups, on March 1.

  Evelyn Marie Lobo Villegas, 69, San Juan Capistrano matriarch, on
  April 15.

  Jimmie Reese, 92, legendary Angels coach, former roommate of Babe
  Ruth, on July 12.

  Harriet Nelson, 85, America's favorite television mom, star of "The
  Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet," in Laguna Beach, on Oct. 1.

  Paul Arbiso, 99, the San Juan Capistrano patriarch who rang the
  mission bells for decades and was the oldest city native, on Nov.
  14.

  Former U.S. Sen. Thomas H. Kuchel, 84, a progressive Republican and
  Orange County native, on Nov. 21.