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Feliks, J. 2014. Debunking evolutionary propaganda, Part 10: The inconvenient facts of living fossils: BryozoaPleistocene Coalition News 6 (6): 11-13.

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DEBUNKING EVOLUTIONARY PROPAGANDA, Part 10

The inconvenient facts of living fossils: Bryozoa

A lifelong reader of textbooks in every field exposes “thousands” of examples of false statements of fact and other propaganda techniques easily spotted in anthropology, biology, and paleontology textbooks


By John Feliks


241px-Bryozoa_Anatomy.svg_public-domain.png

 Fig. 1.
The basic anatomy of an individual bryozoan called a zooid (Wikimedia Commons). This little creature that lives in tiny holes in bryozoan colonies (Figs. 2-5) has baffled biologists since the 16th Century. Yet biologists like to refer to bryozoans as “simple.” If, after 150 years of Darwinism and $500,000 grants to study them one doesn’t have an explanation for the simplest organisms (sponges, corals, bryozoans, brachiopods, molluscs, echinoderms, etc.), then how can one imagine to explain human origins?


The date ranges in this article are from Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database, Macquarie Univ. Dept. of Biological Sciences, Sydney, Australia—assembled by hndreds of paleontologists internationally; and Fossiilid.info, Baltic University, Paleobiodiversity in Baltoscandia; and several other sources.


“Bryozoa is one of the most puzzling phyla in the animal kingdom and little is known about their evolutionary history.”

–Fuchs, J., M. et al. 2009. The first comprehensive molecular phylogeny of Bryozoa (Ectoprocta) based on combined analyses of nuclear and mitochondrial genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 52 (1): 225.

 
The title of the above paper might make readers imagine that science is on its way to explaining bryozoans in evolutionary terms; but such is not the case. Although paleontology and biology consider bryozoans—or moss animals as they are popularly known (Figs. 1-5)—to be primitive, simple organisms that evolved like everything else in the Darwinist worldview, the actual real-time physical facts of the fossil record tell a very different story. What the record actually shows is that after nearly 500 million years bryozoans are still bryozoans—just like when they first appeared. They didn’t evolve from anything else and they didn’t evolve into anything else.

The quote itself may seem innocuous but it uses two standard diversions that prevent readers from considering bryozoans objectively:

1.) Not “little is known,” but truly nothing is known about the so-called evolutionary history of bryozoans. The 
Genus Current living fossils Range Fossils recovered in situ by the author

Bryozoa

Phylum. No evolutionary links

Unchanged
480 million years

Ordovician–Recent;
480.0 MYA–Present

Worldwide
tn_Monticulipora-encrusting-lower3rd-Platystrophia-brach_angle3_Big-Bone-Lick_KY_jfeliks_1200dpi-crop_h600.jpg    Monticulipora-encrusting-lower3rd-Platystrophia-brach_angle3_Big-Bone-Lick_KY_jfeliks_1200dpi-crop_CU+14brt.jpg

Colony 7/8" wide (2.3 cm)

Monticulipora colony encrusting Platystrophia brachiopod; Trepostomida; Stenolaemata class; Ordovician; Big Bone Lick, Kentucky

Stenolaemata

Class. No evolutionary links


Unchanged
480 million years

Ordovician–Recent;
480.0 MYA–Present

Worldwide
tn_Prasopora-bryozoan-cross-section-showing-internal-structure-Chandler Falls_U.P_1200dpi.jpg    Prasopora-bryozoan-cross-section-showing-internal-structure-Chandler Falls_U.P_1200dpi_CU-inset.jpg

1 3/4" wide (4.4 cm)

Prasopora dome-shaped colony showing internal structure; Order Trepostomida; Class Stenolaemata; Ordovician; Chandler Falls, U.P., MI

Stenolaemata

Class. No evolutionary links


Unchanged
480 million years

Ordovician–Recent;
480.0 MYA–Present

Worldwide

Prasopora-bryozoan-colony_Ordovician_Trenton-Limestone-Dolgeville-New-York_jfeliks1200dpi_crop+40cntrst+10brt.jpg    Prasopora-bryozoan-colony_Ordovician_Trenton-Limestone-Dolgeville-New-York_jfeliks1200dpi_crop2+40cntrst+10brt.jpg

1 1/4" wide (3.1 cm)

Prasopora, diff. specimen; Ordovician; domed colony from Dolgeville, New York

Cyclostomata

Order. No evolutionary links


Unchanged
480 million years

Ordovician–Recent;
480.0 MYA–Present

Worldwide

tn_Hederella-bryozoa-encrusting-Strophodonta-brach_Dev_Sylvania-OH_jfeliks_1200dpi-blk_equalize-invert-tighter2.jpg

Colony 3/4" wide (1.9 cm)

Hederella colony, Cyclostomata, on Protoleptostrophia (a delicate brachiopod with a constantly changing name; Name-changing is part of how Darwinism “conceals” continuity.); Stenolaemata class; Devonian; Medusa Quarry, Sylvania, OH

Gymnolaemata

Class. No evolutionary links

Unchanged
465 million years

Ordovician–Recent;
465.0 MYA–Present
Worldwide
Sulcoretepora-(Cystodictya)-ClassStenolaemate-Camb-Rec_Dev_Sylvania_jfeliks_1200dpi-blk_close.jpg    Sulcoretepora_Devonian_Sibley-Quarry-Trenton-MI_jfeliks_1200dpi-crop+14cntrst.jpg    Flustra foliacea1280px_Wikimedia-Commons-crop+24cntrst-14brt.jpg

Left image 7/16" tall (1.2 cm)

Sulcoretepora (Flustra parallela); Cryptostomata; Stenolaemata; Devonian; Medusa Quarry, OH; similar, Sibley Quarry, Trenton, MI; Modern Flustra; Gymnolaemata
Ctenostomata

Order. No evolutionary links

Unchanged
465 million years

Ordovician–Recent;
465.0 MYA–Present
Worldwide
Big-close-up-feedingapparatuses-(lophophores)-of-a-living-bryozoan_1024px-Lophophores_bryozoan_Wikimedia-Commons.jpg

What living bryozoans look like. Image: Wikimedia Commons
Cheilostomata

Order. No evolutionary links

Unchanged
172 million years

Jurassic–Recent;
172.0 MYA–Present
Worldwide For Cheilostomata see Membranipora in Fig. 4.

Fig. 2.

A few examples of “thousands” of classes, orders, families, genera (presently bryozoans) showing no evolution in hundreds of millions of years. Remember, it’s easy to sell evolutionism when you block knowledge and facts from the public.

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PLEISTOCENE COALITION NEWS

Page 12

tn_Fenestella-type_Devonian_Hungry-Hollow_Arkona-Ontario_jfeliks_1200dpi-crop.jpg

tn_Fenestella-bryozoan-and-Platyceras-snail_Mississippian_War-Eagle_Arkansas_byM's_jfeliks_1200dpi+7cntrst+4brt-crop_CU+24cntrst-invert.jpg

Fenestella-bryozoan_Pennsylvanian_Paris-Illinois_jfeliks_1200dpi-blk-inverted-crop-CU.jpg

Membranipora -membranacea-(encrusting-bryozoan)_Gymnolaemata_Cheilostomida_USGS-WikimdiaC_pub.dom_crop2.jpg

Fig. 4.

Lacy bryozoans—the basic idea has been around for 500 million years. The variations are no more ‘evolutionarily’ significant than human races or dog breeds are. Top-down: Devonian Fenestella, Arkona, Ontario; Mississippian Fenestella (Rogers, Arkansas); Pennsylvanian Fenestella (Paris, Illinois); Recent living Membranipora (USGS).


problem, as in all other such papers, is that evolution is presented as a preconceived ‘given’ despite the fact that not a single group of organisms has been established in evolutionary terms. It is the same problem now facing U.S. students with Common Core and the Next Generation Science Standards where the idea is presented as a given through false statements of fact and with no option for students to question it. In reality, evolution is no more a given for bryozoans than it is to assume that modern dog breeds “evolved” from earlier breeds. Modern dogs are not new types of organisms and neither are modern bryozoans.

Promotion of the entire belief system depends upon the rhetoric used which conceals what the claims actually are. The seamless switching back and forth between the level of claims being made is a necessary part of selling the theory as a fact.

2.) Another misleading implication is that bryozoans are a uniquely puzzling group. This too is a standard technique used in the evolution community. The idea is to imply that evolutionary histories for organisms other than the ones you are currently talking about are established, which, again, is not true.
 

Once one starts looking at evolutionary literature critically, one discovers that the
Genus
Former living fossils  Range
Fossils recovered in situ by the author

Trepostomida

Order No evolutionary links

Unchanged
236 million years

Ordovician–Permian;
488.3
–252.3 MYA

(Date range corrected from pdf vers.)

Worldwide
 

   Parvohallopora-rugosa2_Ordovician-Cincinnatian_jf_1200dpi-crop.jpg  Parvohallopora-rugosa2_Ordovician-Cincinnatian_jf_1200dpi-crop-detail.jpg
11/16" tall (1.8 cm)

Parvohallopora rugosa; Trepostomida colony; Class Stenolaemata; Ordovician; Middletown, Butler Co., Ohio

Trepostomida

Order No evolutionary links


Unchanged
236 million years

Ordovician–Permian;
488.3
–252.3 MYA

Worldwide
tn_Batostoma_Ordovician_Cincinnatian_jfeliks_1200dpi+9cn-13brt.jpg

Portion shown 1 3/8" tall (3.5 cm)

Batostoma; Trepostomida colony; Class Stenolaemata; Ordovician; Middletown, Butler Co., Ohio

Trepostomida

Order No evolutionary links

Unchanged
236 million years

Ordovician–Permian;
488.3
–252.3 MYA

Worldwide
tn_Trepostomida-type-colony-w-base_Ordovician_Little-Bay-de-Noc_U.P._jfeliks_1200dpi.jpg

1/2" wide (1.2 cm)

Trepostomida colony with complete attachment base; Ordovician; Little Bay de Noc, Escanaba, U.P., Michigan

Trepostomida

Order No evolutionary links

Unchanged
236 million years

Ordovician–Permian;
488.3
–252.3 MYA

Worldwide
Trepostome-bryozoan-encrusting-orthoconic-Ordovician-nautiloid-cephalopod_Big-Bone-Lick-Kentucky_1200dpi_CU+24cn.jpg   Trepostome-bryozoan-encrusting-orthoconic-Ordovician-nautiloid-cephalopod_Big-Bone-Lick-Kentucky_1200dpi_CU2+24cn.jpg   

Left image 9/16" wide (1.2 cm)

  Trepostome colony, perhaps Spatiopora (Class Stenolaemata) encrusting a Treptoceras nautiloid cephalopod shell; Ordovician; Big Bone Lick, Boone Co., Kentucky

Cystoporata

Order. No evolutionary links


Unchanged
236 million years

Ordovician–Permian;
488.3
–252.3 MYA

Worldwide
Silurian-bryozoan_Waldron-Indiana_jfeliks_1200dpi-crop_+37cntrst+11brt.jpg

View 9/16" wide (1.5 cm)

Fistulipora colony; Cystoporata order; Class Stenolaemata; Silurian; Waldron Quarry, Indiana

Cystoporata

Order. No evolutionary links


Unchanged
236 million years

Ordovician–Permian;
488.3
–252.3 MYA

Worldwide
tn_Constellaria-colony-angle3_Ordovician_Butler-Co-Ohio_jfeliks_1200dpi-blk_h700.jpg  Constellaria-colony-angle3_Ordovician_Butler-Co-Ohio_jfeliks_1200dpi-blk_detail+22cntrst-invert.jpg

Detail 11/16" tall (1.3 cm)

L. Constellaria; Class Stenolaemata; R. Detail in negative to bring out the star pattern. Ordovician; Butler County, Ohio

Fig. 3.

Former living fossils. The evolution community is not objective regarding fossils. Once in the fossil record every taxon remains as it was until it goes extinct. Examples recovered by the author from formation across the U.S. and Canada over 30-yr. span.

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PLEISTOCENE COALITION NEWS

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same report as given for bryozoans is given for all organisms—with the fossil record always being the main snag (see, for instance, Part 9, Echinodermata, PCN#31, Sept-Oct 2014).

Despite what the fossil record says, evolution is being increasingly and aggressively promoted as fact with more and more popular scientists using propaganda techniques to get people to accept it or risk being labeled with all manner of names. No sciences except biology, paleontology, and anthropology—the three fields that put all their eggs into the evolutionary basket and now have tens of thousands of careers at stake—would ever claim as fact an idea that was not supported by the primary evidence. This is especially true if that evidence is a superbly kept chronological record. Even Darwin knew that the fossil record did not support his theory and plainly stated so in the Origin of Species (1859). Darwin’s only hope was that the fossil record would prove to be a record “imperfectly kept.”

In light of all these facts, we need to start teaching the fossil record objectively without preconceptions. In science, you don’t make up stories focused on unknown players (i.e. ancestors) when you already have the real players right there in front of you. Bryozoans and other invertebrates are represented by trillions and trillions of fossils. That’s why Darwinism can’t get them to morph into each other and then, somehow, turn themselves into human beings the way it would like them to.

We also need to stop denying students the right to know that evolution is being challenged. Let’s not force students to spend their valuable study time absorbing propaganda. Let’s see where they go without being coerced and allow them to come to their own conclusions. That’s what the true nature of science is; and that’s the kind of science we should be teaching in our classrooms.

____________


John Feliks has specialized in the study of early human cognition for twenty years demonstrating that human cognition does not evolve. Earlier, his focus was on the invertebrate fossil record studying fossils in the field across the U.S. and parts of Canada as well as studying many of the classic texts (Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Index Fossils of North America, etc.). With the advent of Common Core and the Next Generation Science Standards now set up through legislation in the U.S. to force evolutionary theory on children as fact, while blocking conflicting evidence, Feliks encourages students to insist that evidence be presented objectively—like in normal science. At present evolution is taught as propaganda with no rigor or accountability.
Genus
 Former living fossils
 Range

Fossils recovered by the author

Fenestrida

Order. No evolutionary links


Unchanged
236 million years

Ordovician–Jurassic;
488.3
–252.3 MYA

Worldwide
Septopora-angle5_Mississippian_Sulphur-Indiana_jfeliks_1200dpi+17cn.jpg
    Septopora-angle5_Mississippian_Sulphur-Indiana_jfeliks_1200dpi+17cn_detail.jpg

Left image 1 7/8" tall (4.8 cm)

Septopora; Order Fenestrida; Class Stenolaemata; Mississippian; Sulphur, Indiana

Fenestrida

Order. No evolutionary links

Archimedes should be a very easy bryozoan to prove an evolutionary appearance due to its unmistakable screw feature; but the fossil record does not show one.


Unchanged
236 million years

Ordovician–Permian;
488.3
–252.3 MYA

Worldwide
tn_Archimedes-screw-&-lacy-portions_crop2_Mississippian_Sulphur-Indiana_jfeliks_1200dpi+25cntrst_h600.jpg

View 1" tall (2.5 cm)

Archimedes central screw portion laying atop disarticulated net-like portions formerly attached (Order Fenestrida; Class Stenolaemata); Mississippian; Sulphur, Indiana

Fenestrida

Order. No evolutionary links

Unchanged
256 million years

Ordovician–Triassic;
488.3
–232.0 MYA

Worldwide
Fenestella-bryozoa-well-preserved-tiny-zoecia_Devonian_Arkona-Ontario_jfeliks_1200dpi-sharpen-edges+29cntrst-5brt_cr.jpg

View 3/8" wide (.9 cm)

Fenestella colony highly magnified to show the tiny holes that individual bryozoans lived in (Order Fenestrida; Class Stenolaemata); Devonian; Hungry Hollow, Arkona; Ontario, Canada

Cryptostomata

Order. No evolutionary links

Unchanged
256 million years

Ordovician–Triassic;
488.3
–232.0 MYA

Worldwide
Streblotrypa-bryozoan_trilobite-eye_brachiopods_crinoids_Dev_Sylvania_jfeliks_1200dpi-blk-crop+16cntrst.jpg

Streblotrypa-bryozoan_trilobite-eye_brachiopods_crinoids_Dev_Sylvania_jfeliks_1200dpi-blk-crop-tighter+16cn.jpg

Bottom image  5/16" tall (.7 cm)

Top-L. Streblotrypa (Cryptostomata; Stenolaemata Class) with Top-R. Phacops trilobite eye; Bottom. Close-up; Devonian; Medusa Quarry, Sylvania, Ohio

Fig. 5.

One reason that biology, paleontology, and anthropology are able to spread evolutionism without normal scientific restraint is because the public and most scientists have little direct contact with the fossil record.


Page 13

Return to The Pleistocene Coalition

Return to Debunking evolutionary propaganda, Part 1: Basic propaganda techniques in college textbooks
Return to
Debunking evolutionary propaganda, part 2: Fictions taught as fact in college textbooks, 1st half
Return to Debunking evolutionary propaganda, part 3: Fictions taught as fact in college textbooks, 2nd half
Return to
Debunking evolutionary propaganda, part 4: Evolutionists are not qualified to assess 'any' evidence
Return to
Debunking evolutionary propaganda, part 5: Mandatory U.S.-legislated indoctrination now in place, 1st target, captive-audience children in K-12 science classrooms
Return to Debunking evolutionary propaganda, part 6: The inconvenient facts of living fossils: Brachiopoda
Return to Debunking evolutionary propaganda, part 7: The inconvenient facts of living fossils: Mollusca
Return to Debunking evolutionary propaganda, part 8: The inconvenient facts of living fossils: Porifera and Cnidaria
Return to Debunking evolutionary propaganda, part 9: The inconvenient facts of living fossils: Echinodermata
Return to Debunking evolutionary propaganda, part 10: The inconvenient facts of living fossils: Bryozoa
Return to Debunking evolutionary propaganda, part 11: The inconvenient facts of living fossils: Arthropoda
Return to Debunking evolutionary propaganda, part 12: The inconvenient facts of living fossils: Trace fossils & graptolites [PDF]
Return to Debunking evolutionary propaganda, part 13: The inconvenient facts of living fossils: Plants [PDF]
Return to Debunking evolutionary propaganda, part 14: The inconvenient facts of living fossils: Fishes and invertebrates [PDF]
Return to Debunking evolutionary propaganda, part 15: Tetrapod evolution credibility questioned via invertebrate fossils [PDF]

Recent external mathematics publications:

Feliks, J. 2012. Five constants from an Acheulian compound line. Aplimat - Journal of Applied Mathematics 5 (1): 69-74.

Feliks, J. 2011. The golden flute of Geissenklosterle: Mathematical evidence for a continuity of human intelligence as opposed to evolutionary change through time. Aplimat - Journal of Applied Mathematics 4 (4): 157-62.

Return to The graphics of Bilzingsleben series, Part 1: Proof of straight edge use by Homo erectus
Return to The graphics of Bilzingsleben series, Part 2: Censoring the world's oldest human language
Return to The graphics of Bilzingsleben series, Part 3: Base grids of a suppressed Homo erectus knowledge system
Return to The graphics of Bilzingsleben series, Part 4: 350,000 years before Bach
Return to The graphics of Bilzingsleben series, Part 5: Gestalten
Return to The graphics of Bilzingsleben series, Part 6: The Lower Paleolithic origins of advanced mathematics
Return to The graphics of Bilzingsleben series, Part 7: Who were the people of Bilzingsleben?
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The graphics of Bilzingsleben series, Part 8: Evidence for a Homo erectus campsite depiction in 3D
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The graphics of Bilzingsleben series, Part 9: Artifact 6 'Lower tier' in multiview and oblique projections

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Return to Four arguments for the elimination of television, Jerry Mander
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The golden flute of Geissenklosterle (preview of Aplimat 2011 paper)
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Pleistocene Coalition News
is produced by the Pleistocene Coalition
bi-monthly since October 2009.


Contact the author of this article: feliks (at) umich.edu