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Eleanor Roosevelt (1884-1962), in part to help compensate for the polio-induced paralyis of her husband, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, remade the role of the First Lady of the United States. She instituted the practice of allowing press conferences for women journalists, advocated human rights causes, and participated in policy processes. Even after her husband's death, Eleanor Roosevelt served the public in many--often controversial--ways, for instance as chair of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights where she drafted and achieved adoption of the "Universal Declaration of Human Rights" (1948).

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