Word

Example sentence

Arabic

alloy (n)

We make alloys with it though, like nickel cobalt molybdenum. p.127

artificial (adj)

What kinds of materials do they use to make body implants, like artificial hips and knees? p.129

atom (n)

But in the future, we'll be able to work on a smaller scale and build things atom by atom. p.94

bend (v)

You can bend it lots of times and it doesn't break. p.127

bone (n)

MEDICINE Doctors will be able to replace broken  human bones with artificial bones made with nanotechnology. p.94

boots (n pl)

When you go to work on a project in Finland, should you take a pair of rubber boots or a pair of leather mountain boots? p.97

canvas (n)

When you go on a project in Africa, should you take a canvas or synthetic tent? p.97

cardboard (n)

A container like a box, is often made of cardboard or metal, and often contains matches, tools, controls, or tissues. p.73

corrode (v)

XXX(water) makes many metals rust and corrode.p.100

corrosion (n)

It's not resistant to corrosion? p.126

cotton (n/adj)

If you were going on a project in Finland, should you take cotton or woolen vests? p.93

electrical conductor (n)

Which materials in 5 are good electrical conductors? p.93

feather (n)

You are going to work on a project in Finland.  Should you take a synthetic sleeping bag or a sleeping bag filled with very soft feathers? p.93

firm (adj)

The meaning of “soft” is:  not hard or firm. p.92

foam rubber (n)

Brainstorm things that can be made of foam rubber—cushions, car seats, mattresses. p.92

forecast (v)

Is it possible to invent a way to forecast next month's weather with 99 per cent accuracy? p.95 a It can't be done b Probably not c Maybe d I think so e I'm sure it is

fur (n)

For Finland, should you take leather gloves with fur lining or synthetic ski

gloves? p.93

glass (n)

A container like a bottle, is made of glass or plastic and can contain wine or water. p.73

gloves (n pl)

For Finland, should you take leather gloves with fur lining or synthetic ski

gloves? p.93

gold (n)

Carbon graphite, water, protein, DNA, wood, silver, and gold are all diamagnetic. This means a magnet repels them. p.97

hip (body) (n)

What kinds of materials do they use to make body implants, like artificial hips and knees? Listen and find out. p.92

knee (n)

What kinds of materials do they use to make body implants, like artificial hips and knees? Listen and find out. p.92

lead (metal) (n)

For Finland, should you take a torch with a supply of lead batteries or a torch

with a supply of nickel-cadmium batteries? p.93

leather (n)

For Finland, should you take leather gloves with fur lining or synthetic ski gloves? p.93

lightweight (adj)

CARS Manufacturers will be able to construct cars out of  lightweight materials that are 50 times  stronger than steel. p.94

lining (of clothes) (n)

For Finland, should you take leather gloves with fur lining or synthetic ski gloves? p.93

matches (n pl)

For Finland, should you take wax-coated waterproof matches or a refillable, plastic lighter? p.93

maybe (adv)

Degrees of certainty from “impossible” to “possible:” a It can't be done b Probably not c Maybe d I think so e I'm sure it is. p.95

motorbike (n)

For Africa, should you take a convertible sports car with a soft PVC roof that

you can roll down or a motorbike? p.93

natural (adj)

Which material is 5 are natural? p.95 leather,  paper, cardboard

nylon (n)

Brainstorm things that can be made of these materials:  nylon—ladies stockings, helmets.

oil spill (n)

THE ENVIRONMENT We'll be able to send nanorobots up into space to rebuild the ozone layer. Other nanorobots will be able to remove  pollutants from water and clean up oil spills. p.94

ozone layer (n)

THE ENVIRONMENT We'll be able to send nanorobots up into space to rebuild the ozone layer. Other nanorobots will be able to remove  pollutants from water and clean up oil spills. p.94

paint (n)

Is it possible to invent these things-- white paint that stays white and doesn't

darken with age?  How certain are you? a It can't be done b Probably not c Maybe d I think so e I'm sure it is. p.95

paper (n)

Is the paper tray full? B Yes.  A Have you checked the connections? B Yes. A Is it plugged in? B Yes. A Is it switched on? p.121

plastic (n)

OK. Now, these are steel. Is it possible to make them in plastic? OK. Now, these are steel. Is it possible to make

them in plastic? p.127

plate (for eating) (n)

For Finland, should you take tin or ceramic plates? p.93

possibly (adv)

What degree of certainty do these expressions indicate? Are they a, b, c, d, or e? Probably 2 Not a hope 3 Possibly 4 I don't think so 5 Yes, we've done it before. a It can't be done b Probably not c Maybe d I think so e I'm sure it is. p.95

probably (adv)

What degree of certainty do these expressions indicate? Are they a, b, c, d, or e? Probably 2 Not a hope 3 Possibly 4 I don't think so 5 Yes, we've done it before. a It can't be done b Probably not c Maybe d I think so e I'm sure it is. p.95

resist (v)

The materials used to build cars will be able to resist scratches, dents, and rust. p.94

revolution (n)

We're at the start of a technological revolution and nanotechnology will affect every part of our lives - cars, computers, medicine, energy supplies, food, buildings, clothes. p.94

rubber (n)

If you drop a rubber ball, it bounces. p.100

sand (n)

A container like a sack is often made of polythene or canvas and often contains sand or cement. p.73

send (v)

COMPUTERS We'll be able to send  trillions of bytes of information in a structure the size of a sugar cube. p.94

shovel (n)

For Finland should you take a plastic or a steel snow shovel? p.93

silk (n)

For Africa should you take silk or synthetic shirts? p.93

skis (n pl)

For Finland, should you take wooden or plastic skis? p.93

sleeping bag (n)

You are going to work on a project in Finland.  Should you take a synthetic sleeping bag or a sleeping bag filled with very soft feathers? p.93

smart (intelligent) (adj)

We'll be able to make all kinds of things smaller, lighter, cheaper, stronger, and smarter. p.93

snow (n)

For Finland, should you take sunglasses with polarized lenses or plastic snow

goggles? p.93

soft (adj)

You are going to work on a project in Finland.  Should you take a synthetic sleeping bag or a sleeping bag filled with very soft feathers? p.93

space (universe) (n)

THE ENVIRONMENT We'll be able to send nanorobots up into space to rebuild the ozone layer. Other nanorobots will be able to remove  pollutants from water and clean up oil spills. p.94

straw (n)

For Africa, should you take a straw sun hat or a cotton baseball cap? p.93

strong (adj)

Today scientists can build nanowires – extremely strong tubes that are just four atoms wide. p.94

structure (n)

COMPUTERS We'll be able to store trillions of  bytes of information in a structure the size of a sugar cube. p.94

sugar cube (n)

COMPUTERS We'll be able to store trillions of  bytes of information in a structure the size of a sugar cube. p.94

sunglasses (n pl)

For Finland, should you take sunglasses with polarized lenses or plastic snow

goggles? p.93

sunhat (n)

Keep cool on hot days by wearing this sunhat. Its solar cells power a small radiator at the fron t. p.53

synthetic (adj)

For Africa, should you take silk or synthetic shirts? –a canvas or synthetic tent? p.93

technological (adj)

We're at the start of a technological revolution and nanotechnology will affect every part of our lives - cars, computers, medicine, energy supplies, food, buildings, clothes. p.94

tin (material) (n)

translate (v)

What degree of certainty do these expressions indicate? Are they a, b, c, d, or e?--a device that translates what you say in your language and immediately says it in English. a It can't be done b Probably not c Maybe d I think so e I'm sure it is. p.95

transparent (adj)

Which materials in 5 are transparent? The glass bottle. p.93

underwear (n)

For Africa, should you take polyester or cotton underwear? p.93

waterproof (adj)

For Finland, should you take wax-coated waterproof matches or a refillable, plastic lighter? p.93

weakened (adj)

Corroded means: “weakened or destroyed by chemical action, for example, rusty.” p.92

window (n)

Which materials are most practical for making windows? p.93

wool (n)

Brainstorm things that can be made of wool.—jumpers, sweaters, gloves. p.92

Useful phrases

I (don’t) think so.

What degree of certainty do these expressions indicate:  I don’t think so. p.95

I’m sure it is.

I’m sure it is. p.95

It can’t be done.

It can’t be done. p.95

Not a hope.

Not a hope. p.95

Probably not.

Probably not. p.95

to break under stress

They mustn't break under stress. p.126

What’s it made of?

Title of Unit 20

Yes, we’ve done it before.

Yes, we’ve done it before. p.95