Word

Word Family

Collocations

Example sentence

Synonyms

Antonyms

Other

admittance (n)

p.70 This means “No admittance. You mustn't go in there.”

إذن بالدخول

base (n)

p.69 The vertical steel columns that form the base of the building's main frame are fixed to the foundations.

قاعدة

bolt (n)

p.69 Girders are bolted to the columns to form the floors of the building.

شَدّ بالبراغي

bonus (n)

Listen again and find the reasons why bonuses are paid. p.69

علاوة إكرامية

buckle (v) -

buckle(nإبزيم ج ابازيم(

Buckle up!

الربط حزامكم

p.95 Oxford Word Power Buckle your seatbelts, please.  Toyota makes their dashboards of strong plastic so that they don’t buckle in the strong heat of Saudi Arabia.

p.69 All exposed metalwork is fireproofed. If a fire happens, it is important that the structure can withstand high temperatures without buckling.

يلتوي . يتقوّس

cladding (n)

Outer walls, called cladding, are lifted into

pOSition by crane. p.69

غطاء متين يحمي البناء

construction (n)

p.69 Put these stages in the construction of a skyscraper in the correct order. Then work in small groups and compare answers.

بِتاء

contract (n)

p.69/127 How long is a contract?  We get contracts from construction companies, maybe a few weeks, maybe a year.

عقد

decking (n)

Metal decking called floor formers are laid

across the girders to form a shallow pan. p.53

أرض من خشب توصل الى بيت (أو) جنينة

defective (adj)

p.70 Don't use defective tools. Never use défective tools

مَعيوب = فيه عيب

depend on (p.v.)

p.69 The types of foundations depend on the nature of the ground.

اعتمد (على)

designate (v)

p.72/p.212 Oxford Word Power  Yellowstone (a famous volcanic hot spring and geyser in Wyoming) was designated as a national park by President Roosevelt. 

سمَّى

distract (v)

p.71 You can take pictures but no flash photography on any of the floor levels. It can distract..

اذهل

erect (v)

erect(adj) p.263 Oxford Word Power He stood with his hand erect.

p.67erector(n) Listen to Leon Peters, a Steel Erector, and answer the questions.

p.263 Oxford Word Power To erect means to build or put up something in an upright position.

يقيم

expand (v)

p.72 Splayed base piers Reinforced concrete piles with expanded, or splayed, ends

توسِّع

Word

Word Family

Collocations

Example sentence

Synonyms

Antonyms

Other

expose (v)

p.69 All exposed metalwork is fireproofed. If a fire happens, it is important that the structure can withstand high temperatures without buckling.

مكشوف

firm (adj)

p.72 Splayed base piers are used when bedrock is not near the surface but where there is a layer of firm soil near the surface.

ماكِن

flammable (adj)

p.70 Don't wear flammable clothing where there may be open flames.

سريع الاشتعال

former (n)

transformer(n) محول

performer (n) عازف (موسيقي)

رجل إصلاحي  reformer

Metal decking called floor formers are laid

across the girders and filled with lightweight liquid concrete which is pumped up from the ground. p.69

شيء يُشَكَّل شيء او شخص يصور تمثال من نحاس او رخام مثلا

foundations (n)

p.69 First, the foundations are laid.

أساس ج أُسُس

girder (n)

Girders are bolted to the columns to form the

floors of the building. p.53

عارضة معدنية (في البناء)

grinder (n)

p.70 Wear eye protection when using grinders.

طاحونة ج طواحين

guard (n)

p.70 Make sure a machine has stopped before removing the guards.

حِراىسة ج حراسات

high-visibility (adj)

p.70 High-visibility clothing must be worn in this area.

 إمكانية الرؤية عالية

hoist (v)

p.69 In some construction  methods, entire floors are built at  ground level and  hoisted into position by cranes.

رَفع

lifeline

We have to wear a safety harness with a lifeline.p.127

حبل السلامة

load (n)

p.69 Each column rests on a platform of steel to spread the load. Steel girders are fixed horizontally from column to column by Steel Erectors to form a strong framework.

حَمَل ج احمال

narrow (adj)

p.69 Usually they are made by drilling narrow, deep holes and filling them with reinforced concrete to form piles.

ضيّق

off site

What word does he use to describe components

which are cut and drilled off-site? p.69

حائد او خارج عن موقع معين ولاسنما موقع العمل (في مشروع)

pile (n)

كوم  pile (n)

…foundations depend on the nature of the ground. Usually they are made by drilling narrow, deep holes and filling them with reinforced concrete to form piles. p.69

ركيزة (من معدن أو غيره)

pour (v)

p.69 Liquid concrete is poured onto the formers

صَبَّ

precaution (n)

p.598 Oxford Word Power We took the precaution of locking our valuables in the hotel safe.

إحتراس

Word

Word Family

Collocations

Example sentence

Synonyms

Antonyms

Other

prefabricate (v)

p.69 The outside of the building is covered in cladding. This consists of prefabricated panels of materials such as stainless steel, aluminium, and glass.

مرَكّب

من أجزاء جاهزة

prefabricated

The outside of the building is covered in cladding. This consists of prefabricated panels of materials such as stainless steel, aluminium, and glass. p.69

مبني (أو معمول)

من أجزاء صُنعت قبلاً

ثم رُكِبَت (بعضها إلى بعض)

regulation (n)

p.71 Discuss what regulations they might be breaking and why they could be in danger

نظام ج نظامات

reinforced (adj)

reinforced concrete

حجرية الإسمنت بالحديد

p.72 Piles on bedrock are reinforced concrete or steel piles which rest on bedrock.

دعّم بقوات اضافية

responsible (adj)

p.71 I'm responsible for your health and safety for this visit.

مسئول

safety harness (n)

To harness a horse, or harness the power of a waterfall(يسَخِّر القوى الطبيعية كالشلالات مثلا

We have to wear a safety harness with a lifeline.p.127

حزام الأمان . عُدّة الفَرَس

shift (n)

دوام الليل. دوام النهار

day shift . night shift

p.69 How long is a typical  shift?

فوج يعمل بالمناوية .

stainless (adj)

p.69 The outside of the building is covered in cladding. This consists of prefabricated panels of materials such as stainless steel, aluminium, and glass

فولاذ لا يطبع

(اي لا يظهر عليه

بُقع

storey (n)

The world's first skyscraper was

The Home Insurance building,

In Chicago, built in l88S. lt was

Jri l: ten storeys high.p.70

طابق . دور

suitable (adj)

p.72 Reinforced concrete and steel piles are suitable when bedrock is near the surface.

appropriate

مناسب . ملائم

surface (n)

p.72 Splayed base piers are used when bedrock is not near the surface but where there is a layer of firm soil near the surface.

سَتْح

typical (adj)

p.69 How long is a typical  shift?

customary

مألْوف . حسب التقاليد

usual(adj) عادي

طِبْقَ السيء المثالي .

طِبْقَ الشيء النموذجي

unfamiliar (adj)

p.70 Before operating an unfamiliar machine, check the guards.

familiar

مأْلوف

غير متْلوف

withstand (v)

p.69 If a fire happens, it is important that the structure can withstand high temperatures without buckling.

bear up under,

tolerate, stand up against

احتمل