Janet and Robert Wolfe Genealogy --- Go to Genealogy Page for Christian Bowman --- Go to Genealogy Page for Elizabeth Oberholtzer

Notes for Christian Bowman and Elizabeth Oberholtzer

1724 Christian Bowman was born on August 13 in Lower Providence Twp, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] He was reportedly born at the Mansion House of his parents. [6]

1724 Elizabeth Oberholtzer was born on August 27. [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] Her birthplace has been reported at various places: Dühren, Baden-Württemberg, Germany [13]; Kraichgau, Germany; and Montgomery County,Pennsylvania. We would appreciate help in clarifying her birthplace. Elizabeth was age 6 in 1732 when she emigrated to America with her parents.

1732 Elizabeth Oberholtzer arrived in Philadelphia, at age 6, on August 11, with her widowed father, Jacob, on the ship Samuel with several other Mennonite families. [14] [15] [16]

1737 Christian Bowman's brother Jacob Bowman settled on land in the Allegheny Valley. Christian Bowman and his brother John Bowman settled there soon after [17] [18]. The earliest warrant date I have seen for Jacob Bowman was 1745, and Peter Bowman, some time after 1752. Peter Bowman settled somewhat west of Jacob Bowman and Christian Bowman a mile west of Peter, [19], where he built, in 1749, a log dwelling that was quite sound for upwards of hundred years. It was situated two or three miles north of the Christian Bauman mill (1777) on Alleghany Creek. This mill is about four miles northeast of Bowmansville, which is a little north from the original Muddy Creek settlement.

Map
Map of land warrants in Brecknock Twp, Berks County, Pennsylvania. [20]
Christian Bauman Sr's tract is near the center. The triangular tract 60 was added in 1769.
Christian Jr. inherited the tracts. Christian Jr's son Joseph owned tract 48-A.
Jacob Bowman owned tract 46. John Bowman owned tract 35.

c 1745 Christian Bowman and Elizabeth Oberholtzer were married about 1745. [21] [22] Their children were named in a Bowman bible. [23] [24]

c 1745 Christian Bowman and Elizabeth Oberholtzer settled along the Allegheny Creek in Brecknock Twp about 2 miles east of her father Jacob Oberholtzer's claim. The map of surveys in the region, above, shows several numbered lots that could be relevant to these families. Links to the individual survey maps are given in these footnotes. Christian Bowman adjacent to lots numbered 48, 49, and 62, dated 1751 [25]. Christian Bowman lot 60, 1769 [26]; Jacob Overhultzer between lots 40 and 41, 1738 [27]; Wendel Bowman between lots 27 and 44, 1738 [28]; Jacob Bowman lot 45, 1751 [29]; Jacob Bowman lot 46, 1745 [30]. [Photocopy, Segment of map of patents in Brecknock Twp, Berks County.] [31]

1749 Christian built a loghouse in the Allegheny Valley of Berks County. [32]

1751 Christian Bowman warranted 108 acres in Cumru Twp, Lancaster County on May 8. The return was dated April 24, 1761. [33] [34] [35] The survey showed Jacob Bowman [36], Adam Beam, Christian Bowman [37], and Jacob Ashelman [38] as adjacent landowners. [Photocopy] 1751 survey map of Christian's land in Cumru Twp, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. [39]

1752 Christian Bowman and Elizabeth lived in the half of Brecknock Twp that was in Berks County when it was created in 1752. Their home was assigned to Cumru Twp until 1830 when it was returned to Brecknock Twp. Christian served as the minister for the congregation meeting in the house of Christian Good in Lancaster county, through these changes in township and county boundaries. [40]

1756 Christian Bowman was taxed in Cumru Twp, Berks County, Pennsylvania. [41]

1758 Jacob, John, and Christian Bowman were taxed in Cumru Twp, Berks County, Pennsylvania. [42]

1759 Jacob and Christian Bowman were taxed in Cumru Twp, Berks County, Pennsylvania. [43] [44] [45]

1760 The first meetinghouse for the Allegheny Mennonite congregation was built and Christian Baumann served as the first minister. [46] [47]

1760 Jacob Bowman granted water rights to brother Christian Bowman in Berks County, Pennsylvania, on May 29. [48] [49]

1762 Elizabeth Bowman and her husband Christian Oberholtzer and her brother Samuel Oberholtzer signed a deed on December 22, acknowledging their inheritance from her father Jacob Oberholtzer's estate. [50]

1765-67 Christian Bauman was taxed 16 pounds in Cumru Twp, Berks County, Pennsylvania for 115 acres, 2 horses, 4 cattle, and 4 sheep. Jacob (perhaps Christian's brother) was also taxed. [51] [52] [53] Jacob Bauman and Jacob Bauman miller were taxed as single men. [54]

1768 Christian Bowman, farmer, was taxed in Cumru Twp, Berks County, for 70 acres, of which 40 acres were cleared. [55] [56]

1770 Christian Bowman received a warrant for 12 acres in Cumru Twp, Berks County on November 30. [57] The warrant was returned on December 1. [58] [59] [60] The original warrant was dated March 11, 1769. [61]
[Photocopy] 1770 survey map of Christian's land in Cumru Twp, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, adjacent to land warranted in 1751.

1770 The will of Michael Schumacher dated December 8, 1768 and proved January 22, 1770 in County: To Christian Bauman, all my estate he to pay to my bro-in-law Uly Borgert, £5. And pay to bro-in-laws son George Burckhart £5. And pay to Christina Eberhartin and to her sister £5. Wit: Jacob Bauman and Peter Eschelman. [62]

1774 Benjamin and Christian Bowman, administrators of Jacob Bowman's estate, granted land to Henry Bair. Dated February 5. [63]

1777 Christian Bowman built a large gristmill that remained in the family for many years. On a timber within the mill, one was marked "C.B.M. 1777" - Christian Bowman's Mill. [64]

c 1776 Christian Bowman refused to associate with the revolutionaries when the war started in 1776 because of the Mennonite teachings on non-resistance.

1777-78 Sons Christian, Wendle, and Jacob Bauman were listed for exercise fines (not appearing for military exercises) in Captain Rheim's company, Berks County. [65]

1778-79 Abraham, Jacob, Widow, and Christian Bowman were taxed in Cumru Twp, Berks County. [66] [67] Christian, John, and Christian Bauman were taxed as single men (1778). Christian, John, and Wendel were taxed as single men (1779). [68]

1781 Jacob (100 acres, 1 mill), Widow (105 acres), John (occupation), Abraham, and Christian Senr (Bowman were taxed in Cumru Twp, Berks County. [69] Christian and Wendel were taxed as single men. [70]

1779 Christian Bowman was labeled "a Tory" on the Cumru Twp, county tax list. He did not make a tax return and was assessed double taxes, 2700 pounds, and was labeled as a non-juror. He and other nonjurors failed to return a list of personal property in 1779 which was collected for tax purposes. [71] [72] [73] Son Christian Bowman was taxed as a freeman (unmarried). [74] [75]

1780 Christian Bowman Sen'r was taxed in Cumru Twp, Berks County, £52.2.6. [76] Sons Christian and Wendel Bowman were taxed as freemen. [77] [78]

1781 Christian Bowman was taxed in Cumru Twp, Berks County, 10 pounds with no land listed. Sons Christian and Wendel Bowman were taxed as freemen. [79] [80] [81]

1783 Christian Bowman Sen'r was named on the tax list in Cumru Twp, Berks County with no return. [82]

1784 Two Christian Bowman men were taxed, one for 50 acres and one for 60 acres in Cumru Twp, Berks County. William [Wendel?] Bowman was taxed 5 shillings with no land. [83] Christian Bowman Senior was listed with no land and no tax. [84]

1785 Wendel Bowman and two men named Christian Bowman were taxed in Cumru Twp, Berks County. [85] Christian Bowman Senior was listed with no land and no tax. [86]

1786 Christian Bauman was listed on the septennial census in 1786 in Cocalico Twp, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. [87]

1786 Christian Bowman was taxed with 20 acres and a grist mill. [88]

1787 Christian Bowman was taxed. [89]

1788 Christian Bowman was taxed with 20 acres and a grist mill. [90] [91] Christian Bowman (perhaps son Christian O Bowman) was taxed with 75 acres in Cumru Twp, Berks County, Pennsylvania. [92]

1789 Christian Bowman, miller, was taxed with 20 acres and a grist mill. [93] [94] Christian Bowman was taxed with 75 acres in Cumru Twp, Berks County, Pennsylvania. [95] [96]

1790 Christian Bowman lived in Cumru Twp, Berks County, Pennsylvania. Christian Bowman Jr and Jacob Bowman (of Christian) were also listed. [97]

1788-1790 Christian Bowman of Cumru Twp, Berks County, dated his will (original in German) on September 20, 1788. Son Wendel to have the plantation whereon I now live, containing 95 acres, also another tract containing 11 acres 95 perches, also a tract of 49 ½ acres, at £425. Provides for wife Elizabeth. To son Christian the mill and land belonging to it, 21 ½ acres and water right. To son Joseph my land in Robeson containing 104 acres at £375. Eldest son Jacob to have £15 for his birthright. Three sons: Wendel, Christian, and Joseph. All estate equally divided. Mentions his brother Peter's son. Jacob and Henry Bear executors. Witnesses: Christian Bauman and Peter Bauman, brothers children of testator. The will was probated on August 21 1790. [98] [99] [100] [101] [102]

1790 Christian Bauman died on July 25 and was buried at Allegheny Mennonite Cemetery, Alleghenyville, Berks County, Pennsylvania. [103] [104] [105] [106] [107] [108] [109]

1790 An inventory recorded Christian's personal goods and accounts naming Henry Weaver, John Oberholtzer, Philip Hoyle, John Shunk, John Herihert, Henry Trostel, Frederick Hoyle, and Christian Bowman. Dated August 25. [110]

1791 Elizabeth (Oberholtzer) Bowman, wife of Christian, died on February 27, at age 66y 6m. [111] [112] [113] [114] [115]. Elizabeth's age at death was listed in the family bible as 66 years and 6 months. Five of their 6 known children grew up and survived their parents. [116] [117] [118].

Christian and Elizabeth Bowman's graves are in the Allegheny Mennonite cemetery in County, Pennsylvania. [119] [120]

1791 Jacob, Christian, and Christian Bowman and Henry Bear granted land in Cumru Twp to Christian Bowman on May 4. Jacob Bowman and Henry Bear were executors of the estate of Christian Bowman, deceased. Christian had patented land in Lancaster County, now county by patent A1-358. Christian's will, dated September 20, 1788, devised part of that land to son Christian: "I order that my son Christian shall have the Mill and the Land which is thereto surveyed which contains one & twenty acres and a half and my son Christian shall have a right to convey the mill race through my son Wendels land …" describing the water rights and responsibilities of both sons, Christian and Wendel Bowman, in detail. [121]

1791 Jacob, Christian, and Christian Bowman and Henry Bear granted land in Cumru Twp to Wendel Bowman on May 4. [122]

1791 Jacob, Christian, and Christian Bowman and Henry Bear granted land in Cumru Twp to Joseph Bowman on May 4. [123]

1792 Barbara and John Good and Wendel, Christian, and Joseph Bowman granted land to Jacob Bowman and Henry Bear, on December 4. [124]

1793 Jacob and Christian Bowman and Henry Bear, executors, granted land to Wendell Bowman in Brecknock Twp, Berks County on December 30. [125]

1793 John Mosser granted land to Christian Bowman in Brecknock Twp, Berks County on December 30. [126]

1801 A survey map for Adam Behm [127] reported the land Christian Bowman had warranted in 1770 as belonging to Late Christian Bowman, now Wendel Bowman. [Photocopy] 1801 survey map showing Christian's land then belonging to Wendel Bowman.

1812 Freny, Martin, Henry, Peter, Jacob, and John Bowman granted land related to the estate of Jacob Bowman to Christian Bowman. Dated March 10. [128]

Research Notes:

A biosketch reports [129]:

The Bowmans are descended from Wendel Bowman, who came over with the Hans Herr colony in 1710. Wendel Bowman was in the Pequea Valley and three of his sons, according to Tobias Bowman, named Jacob, Christian, and Peter, took up a large tract of land in Allegheny Valley within the present confines of County; Christian Bowman (1724--1791), married Elizabeth, daughter of Jacob Oberholtzer of Brecknock Township, Lancaster County. Christian Bowman was a Mennonite minister. Two of his sons married into the Huber family: Christian married Anna Huber, No. 29; Wendel married Mary Huber, No. 26. Christian Bowman, son of Jacob Bowman and grandson of Wendel Bowman married Elizabeth Huber, No. 25.

A biosketch reports [130]:

Christian Bowman was born at the Mansion House of his parents and died at his County, Pennsylvania home. He married Elizabeth in Co. Like his brother Jacob, he moved first to the Muddy Creek region of Lancaster County, and then to the Allegheny Valley of present day Co where he built his first loghouse in 1749. Here he farmed and built a small gristmill which he operated. In 1777 he build a large gristmill that has remained in the family for many years. It was still in excellent condition in 1917 and was the operated by his g.g.gr-son, Noah Bowman. Christian was a prosperous farmer and miller. On a timber within this mill one is marked: "C.B.H 1777", - Christian Bowman's Mill. He and his wife were Mennonite and were buried in the Allegheny Mennonite Church Cemetery nearby.

"They resided in Allegheny Valley, Berks County, Pennsylvania. In 1749 he erected a log dwelling, the timber of which was quite sound upwards of one hundred years, and was so far always owned by his descendants." [131]

"Christian Bowman's 115 acres (in the Allegheny Valley), warranted in 1751, and patented 10 years later, lay slightly east of (brother) Jacob's. In 1770 he recieved a patent for Bowman's addition, eleven acres more. Christian Bowman, who married Elizabeth Oberholtzer, became the first known minister in what is now called the Bowmansville District, including the Allegheny congregation. Christian built the second mill along the Allegheny on the southeast corner of his land. This mill, with C.B.M. 1777 carved on an interior timber, stood for 150 years before it was removed. It remained in his family through five generations of Bowman millers." [132]

Christian Bowman's birthplace has also also been reported as Lampeter Twp, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, based on early, apparently incorrect, assumptions about which Christian Bowman was the son of Wendel Bowman. [133] [134] [135]

Research Notes:

See also: [136] [137]

See Pennsylvania Mennonite Vital Records for notes about this family. [138] [139] [140] [141]

We seek clarification about the location of the Bowman Mill. The warrant map shown here suggests that Allegheny Creek went through the land of Jacob Eschelman, rather than the land of Christian Bowman.


Footnotes:

[1] Emmert F. Bittinger, "The Children of Wendell and Ann Bowman Reconsidered," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 18 (October 1995), 18-27, at 20, Reports date August 13, 1724.

[2] Emmert F. Bittinger, "The Children of Wendell and Ann Bowman Reconsidered," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 18 (October 1995), 18-27, at 23, of 22-23, has a map showing the location of his father's land, where Christian Bowman was likely born.

[3] Ralph Linwood Johnson, David Hendricks Bergey, "Genealogical Landmarks and Milestones of the Lower Perkiomen Country," The Perkiomen Region 12 (1934) page numbers on top, 164, has map cited above, not seen.

[4] 1871 map of Montgomery County, Christian Bowman's plot was on the eastern corner of Lower Providence Township, [Photo].

[5] "Genealogical Tips Baumann/Bowman," [cites a bible assumed printed in 1720 and assumed to have belonged to Wendel Bowman (1681-1735), but which was actually printed in 1753, and belonged to Christian Bowman (1724-1790) and his son Wendel] Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 9 (April, 1986), 46, Birthdate from a family bible, but incorrectly assumes this Christian was the son of Wendel Bauman.

[6] Edward Bowman Espenshade, My American Ancestors and Their Descendants (Jay Letter Service, 1949), 248, [GoogleBooks].

[7] Emmert F. Bittinger, "The Children of Wendell and Ann Bowman Reconsidered," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 18 (October 1995), 18-27, at 26.

[8] Barbara B. Ford, The Oberholtzer Book (1995), 118, person JL1, [GoogleBooks].

[9] Ezra E. Eby, A Biographical History of Waterloo Township, Vol. 1 (1895), 63, [GoogleBooks].

[10] Edward Bowman Espenshade, My American Ancestors and Their Descendants (Jay Letter Service, 1949), 248, [GoogleBooks].

[11] Verna Zimmerman. "Readers' Ancestry" Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 17 (July, 1994), 40.

[12] Jerold A Stahly, "The Family of Jacob Oberholtzer (1704-1755) of Brecknock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 12 (April, 1989), 13-26, at 23, person O1.

[13] Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online Dühren_(Baden-Württemberg,_Germany), content subject to change, [GlobalAnabaptistEncyclopedia].

[14] John B. Linn and William Henry Egle, Pennsylvania Archives, Second Series, Volume 17. (Oath of Allegiance 1727-1775) (1890), 43, [HathiTrust], [GoogleBooks], [InternetArchive].

[15] I. Daniel Rupp, A Collection of Upwards of Thirty Thousand Names of German, Swiss, Dutch, French and other Immigrants in Pennsylvania from 1727 to 1776, 2nd ed. (1875), 72, [GoogleBooks], [HathiTrust].

[16] Jerold A Stahly, "The Family of Jacob Oberholtzer (1704-1755) of Brecknock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 12 (April, 1989), 13-26, at 13.

[17] Emmert F. Bittinger, "The Children of Wendell and Ann Bowman Reconsidered," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 18 (October 1995), 18-27, at 23.

[18] Leo Schelbert, Swiss Migration to America: the Swiss Mennonites (1966), 194, [GoogleBooks].

[19] Ezra E. Eby, A Biographical History of Waterloo Township, Vol. 1 (1895), 63, [GoogleBooks].

[20] Pennsylvania Archives, Township Connected Warrant Map (large download), [PAConnectedWarrantMaps].

[21] Barbara B. Ford, The Oberholtzer Book (1995), 118, person JL1, [GoogleBooks].

[22] Jerold A Stahly, "The Family of Jacob Oberholtzer (1704-1755) of Brecknock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 12 (April, 1989), 13-26, at 18, 23, person O1.

[23] Emmert F. Bittinger, "The Children of Wendell and Ann Bowman Reconsidered," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 18 (October 1995), 18-27, at 20.

[24] "Genealogical Tips Baumann/Bowman," [cites a bible assumed printed in 1720 and assumed to have belonged to Wendel Bowman (1681-1735), but which was actually printed in 1753, and belonged to Christian Bowman (1724-1790) and his son Wendel] Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 9 (April, 1986), 46.

[25] Pennsylvania Archives Land Office Survey, A-82-88, [PA Survey Map], [PASurveyBooksIndex].

[26] Pennsylvania Archives Land Office Survey, A-89-311, [PA Survey Map], [PASurveyBooksIndex].

[27] Pennsylvania Archives Land Office Survey, C148-295, [PA Survey Map], [PASurveyBooksIndex].

[28] Pennsylvania Archives Land Office Survey, C024-36, [PA Survey Map], [PASurveyBooksIndex].

[29] Pennsylvania Archives Land Office Survey, A-88-131, [PA Survey Map], [PASurveyBooksIndex].

[30] Pennsylvania Archives Land Office Survey, A-88-132, [PA Survey Map], [PASurveyBooksIndex].

[31] Pennsylvania Archives, Township Warrant Map (large download), Map of Brecknock warrants [large file], [PATownshipWarrantMaps].

[32] Edward Bowman Espenshade, My American Ancestors and Their Descendants (Jay Letter Service, 1949), 248, [GoogleBooks].

[33] Pennsylvania Land Warrant, Lancaster County, B580, [PALandWarrantLinks].

[34] Pennsylvania Land Patent, AA1-358, [PAPatentBookLinks].

[35] Pennsylvania Archives Land Office Survey, A82-88, [PASurveyBookLinks].

[36] Pennsylvania Archives Land Office Survey, A35-189, [PASurveyBookLinks].

[37] Pennsylvania Archives Land Office Survey, A89-311, [PASurveyBookLinks].

[38] Pennsylvania Archives Land Office Survey, A59-248, [PASurveyBookLinks].

[39] Pennsylvania, Land Warrants and Applications, 1733-1952, [AncestryRecord].

[40] Jerold A Stahly, "The Family of Jacob Oberholtzer (1704-1755) of Brecknock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 12 (April, 1989), 13-26, at 19, person O1.

[41] Israel Daniel Rupp, Von Gail Hamilton, History of the Counties of Berks and Lebanon (1844), 139, [GoogleBooks], [HathiTrust].

[42] Taxables and taxlists of Berks County, Pennsylvania, 1753-1769, [FamilySearchImage], [FSCatalog].

[43] Taxables and taxlists of Berks County, Pennsylvania, 1753-1769, 1759, [FamilySearchImage], [FSCatalog].

[44] Taxables and taxlists of Berks County, Pennsylvania, 1753-1769, 1760?, [FamilySearchImage], [FSCatalog].

[45] Taxables and taxlists of Berks County, Pennsylvania, 1753-1769, 1762, [FamilySearchImage], [FSCatalog].

[46] Leo Schelbert, Swiss Migration to America: the Swiss Mennonites (1966), 194, [GoogleBooks].

[47] Martin G. Weaver, Mennonites of Lancaster Conference (1931), 144.

[48] Berks County, Pennsylvania, Deed A2-134, [FamilySearchImage], [FHLCatalog].

[49] Berks County, Pennsylvania, Deed A2-136, [FamilySearchImage], [FHLCatalog].

[50] Jerold A Stahly, "The Family of Jacob Oberholtzer (1704-1755) of Brecknock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 12 (April, 1989), 13-26, at 18, person O2, citing an unrecorded Lancaster County deed.

[51] Berks County, Pennsylvania, Tax, 1765-66, [FamilySearchImage], [FHLCatalog].

[52] Berks County, Pennsylvania, Tax, 1766, [FamilySearchImage], [FHLCatalog].

[53] William Henry Egle, Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series, Volume 18 (Berks Taxables) (1897), 29, 1767, [InternetArchive].

[54] Berks County, Pennsylvania, Tax, 1765-66, [FamilySearchImage], [FHLCatalog].

[55] William Henry Egle, Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series, Volume 18 (Berks Taxables) (1897), 117, [InternetArchive].

[56] Pennsylvania, Tax and Exoneration, 1768-1801, 1768, [AncestryRecord].

[57] Pennsylvania Land Warrant, Berks County, 116, [PHMC Warrant].

[58] Pennsylvania Land Patent, AA11, [PAPatentBookLinks].

[59] Pennsylvania Archives Land Office Survey, A89, adjacent to survey A40-199, see survey dated 1801, [PASurveyBookLinks].

[60] William Henry Egle, Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series, Volume 26 (Warrantees of Land 3) (1899), 245, [InternetArchive].

[61] Pennsylvania, Land Warrants and Applications, 1733-1952, [AncestryRecord].

[62] USGenWeb Archives, Berks County, Pennsylvania Will abstracts 1766-1774, [USGenWeb].

[63] Berks County, Pennsylvania, Deed B1-425, [FamilySearchImage], [FHLCatalog].

[64] Edward Bowman Espenshade, My American Ancestors and Their Descendants (Jay Letter Service, 1949), 248, [GoogleBooks].

[65] William Henry Egle, Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series, Volume 6 (Revolution 1777-1789, Lieutenants) (1896), 286, right, and 274, for description of the list, [InternetArchive], [GoogleBooks].

[66] Berks County, Pennsylvania, Tax, 1778, [FamilySearchImage], [FHLCatalog].

[67] Berks County, Pennsylvania, Tax, 1779, [FamilySearchImage], [FHLCatalog].

[68] Berks County, Pennsylvania, Tax, 1778, [FamilySearchImage], [FHLCatalog].

[69] Berks County, Pennsylvania, Tax, 1781, [FamilySearchImage], [FHLCatalog].

[70] Berks County, Pennsylvania, Tax, 1781, [FamilySearchImage], [FHLCatalog].

[71] Pennsylvania, Tax and Exoneration, 1768-1801, [AncestryRecord].

[72] William Henry Egle, Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series, Volume 18 (Berks Taxables) (1897), 189, [InternetArchive].

[73] Jerold A Stahly, "The Family of Jacob Oberholtzer (1704-1755) of Brecknock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 12 (April, 1989), 13-26, at 19, person O1.

[74] William Henry Egle, Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series, Volume 18 (Berks Taxables) (1897), 194, [InternetArchive].

[75] Pennsylvania, Tax and Exoneration, 1768-1801, 1779, single freeman, [AncestryRecord].

[76] Pennsylvania, Tax and Exoneration, 1768-1801, [AncestryRecord], [AncestryImage].

[77] William Henry Egle, Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series, Volume 18 (Berks Taxables) (1897), 335, [InternetArchive].

[78] William Henry Egle, Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series, Volume 18 (Berks Taxables) (1897), 341, [InternetArchive].

[79] William Henry Egle, Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series, Volume 18 (Berks Taxables) (1897), 464, [InternetArchive].

[80] William Henry Egle, Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series, Volume 18 (Berks Taxables) (1897), 469, [InternetArchive].

[81] Pennsylvania, Tax and Exoneration, 1768-1801, 1781 single freeman, [AncestryRecord].

[82] Pennsylvania, Tax and Exoneration, 1768-1801, [AncestryRecord].

[83] William Henry Egle, Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series, Volume 18 (Berks Taxables) (1897), 590, [InternetArchive].

[84] William Henry Egle, Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series, Volume 18 (Berks Taxables) (1897), 595, [InternetArchive].

[85] William Henry Egle, Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series, Volume 18 (Berks Taxables) (1897), 722, [InternetArchive].

[86] William Henry Egle, Pennsylvania Archives, Third Series, Volume 18 (Berks Taxables) (1897), 595, [InternetArchive].

[87] Pennsylvania, Septennial Census, 1779-1863, [AncestryRecord].

[88] Pennsylvania, Tax and Exoneration, 1768-1801, 1786, miller, [AncestryRecord].

[89] Pennsylvania, Tax and Exoneration, 1768-1801, first of two, [AncestryRecord].

[90] Pennsylvania, Tax and Exoneration, 1768-1801, 1788, miller, [AncestryRecord].

[91] Pennsylvania, Tax and Exoneration, 1768-1801, 1788, miller, [AncestryRecord].

[92] Pennsylvania, Tax and Exoneration, 1768-1801, 1788, 75 acres, [AncestryRecord].

[93] Pennsylvania, Tax and Exoneration, 1768-1801, 1789, miller, [AncestryRecord].

[94] Pennsylvania, Tax and Exoneration, 1768-1801, 1789, miller, [AncestryRecord].

[95] Pennsylvania, Tax and Exoneration, 1768-1801, 1789, 75 acres, [AncestryRecord].

[96] Pennsylvania, Tax and Exoneration, 1768-1801, 1789, 75 acres, [AncestryRecord].

[97] United States Federal Census, 1790, [FamilySearchImage], [FamilySearchRecord].

[98] Pennsylvania Probate Records, 1683-1994, Berks, Will 3-146, [FamilySearchImage].

[99] Pennsylvania Probate Records, 1683-1994, Berks, Estate, FHL film 1644078, images 1744-1754, German and English copies of will, [FamilySearchImage].

[100] Pennsylvania, Will and Probate Records, [AncestryRecord].

[101] Pennsylvania, Will and Probate Records, [AncestryRecord].

[102] Pennsylvania, Will and Probate Records, Index, [AncestryRecord].

[103] Find A Grave Memorial 39476529, [FindAGrave].

[104] Find A Grave Memorial at Ancestry.com, [AncestryRecord].

[105] "Genealogical Tips Baumann/Bowman," [cites a bible assumed printed in 1720 and assumed to have belonged to Wendel Bowman (1681-1735), but which was actually printed in 1753, and belonged to Christian Bowman (1724-1790) and his son Wendel] Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 9 (April, 1986), 46, incorrectly assumes Christian was the son of Wendel Bowman.

[106] Ezra E. Eby, A Biographical History of Waterloo Township, Vol. 1 (1895), 63, [GoogleBooks].

[107] Barbara B. Ford, The Oberholtzer Book (1995), 115, [GoogleBooks].

[108] Edward Bowman Espenshade, My American Ancestors and Their Descendants (Jay Letter Service, 1949), 248, [GoogleBooks].

[109] Jerold A Stahly, "The Family of Jacob Oberholtzer (1704-1755) of Brecknock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 12 (April, 1989), 13-26, at 23, person O1.

[110] Pennsylvania Probate Records, 1683-1994, Berks, Estate, FHL film 1644078, image 1756, [FamilySearchImage].

[111] Emmert F. Bittinger, "The Children of Wendell and Ann Bowman Reconsidered," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 18 (October 1995), 18-27, at 20.

[112] "Genealogical Tips Baumann/Bowman," [cites a bible assumed printed in 1720 and assumed to have belonged to Wendel Bowman (1681-1735), but which was actually printed in 1753, and belonged to Christian Bowman (1724-1790) and his son Wendel] Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 9 (April, 1986), 46, Bible record.

[113] Edward Bowman Espenshade, My American Ancestors and Their Descendants (Jay Letter Service, 1949), 248, reports date 2-2-1791, [GoogleBooks].

[114] Jerold A Stahly, "The Family of Jacob Oberholtzer (1704-1755) of Brecknock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 12 (April, 1989), 13-26, at 19, 23, person O1.

[115] Ezra E. Eby, A Biographical History of Waterloo Township, Vol. 1 (1895), 63, reports date 2 February, [GoogleBooks].

[116] Jerold A Stahly, "The Family of Jacob Oberholtzer (1704-1755) of Brecknock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 12 (April, 1989), 13-26, at 19, 23.

[117] Barbara B. Ford, The Oberholtzer Book (1995), 115, [GoogleBooks].

[118] Verna Zimmerman. "Readers' Ancestry" Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 17 (July, 1994), 40.

[119] Find A Grave Memorial at Ancestry.com, [AncestryRecord].

[120] Find A Grave Memorial 84278135, [FindAGrave].

[121] Berks County, Pennsylvania, Deed 12-223, [FamilySearchImage], [FHLCatalog].

[122] Berks County, Pennsylvania, Deed 12-224, [FamilySearchImage], [FHLCatalog].

[123] Berks County, Pennsylvania, Deed 12-226, [FamilySearchImage], [FHLCatalog].

[124] Berks County, Pennsylvania, Deed 13-116, [FamilySearchImage], [FHLCatalog].

[125] Berks County, Pennsylvania, Deed 13-432, [FamilySearchImage], [FHLCatalog].

[126] Berks County, Pennsylvania, Deed 13-430, [FamilySearchImage], [FHLCatalog].

[127] Pennsylvania Archives Land Office Survey, A40-199, adjacent to A89-311, dated 1770, see also lot 58 on the 1770 survey maps, [PASurveyBookLinks].

[128] Berks County, Pennsylvania, Deed 25-313, [FamilySearchImage], [FHLCatalog].

[129] Harry M. Hoover, The Huber-Hoover Family History (1928), 16, [FamilySearch FSCatalog].

[130] Edward Bowman Espenshade, My American Ancestors and Their Descendants (Jay Letter Service, 1949), 248, [GoogleBooks].

[131] Ezra E. Eby, A Biographical History of Waterloo Township, Vol. 1 (1895), 63, [GoogleBooks].

[132] Henry W. Horning, "Mennonites of the Allegheny Valley," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 28 (October, 2005), 2-11, at 4, has a picture of the mill.

[133] Ezra E. Eby, A Biographical History of Waterloo Township, Vol. 1 (1895), 63, [GoogleBooks].

[134] Barbara B. Ford, The Oberholtzer Book (1995), 115, [GoogleBooks].

[135] Jerold A Stahly, "The Family of Jacob Oberholtzer (1704-1755) of Brecknock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 12 (April, 1989), 13-26, at 23, person O1.

[136] Richard Warren Davis, Mennosearch.com Family Notes, Bowman923541_2080675 A112323, [Website].

[137] Richard Warren Davis, Mennosearch.com Family Notes, Oberholtzer A2612221, [Website].

[138] Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society, Genealogical Card File (Lancaster, Pennsylvania), [AncestryRecord].

[139] Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society, Genealogical Card File (Lancaster, Pennsylvania), [AncestryRecord].

[140] Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society, Genealogical Card File (Lancaster, Pennsylvania), [AncestryRecord].

[141] Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society, Genealogical Card File (Lancaster, Pennsylvania), [AncestryRecord].