Xavier, Zarin, Women and the Qur'an, 1993, v, 52 leaves, [1] leaf of plates: ill.; 28 cm. Thesis (M.A.R.)--Iliff School of Theology, 1993. Iliff School of Theology--Dissertations. Subjects: Women in the Hadith.

Yahya, Mahayudin Hajji, "The events of Siffn in early Arab tradition," Islamic Quarterly, vol. 38, no. 2, 1994, pp. 91-112.

Yusufuddin, M., "Pre-Bukhari Hadith Literature," In International Congress of Orientalists, New Delhi, Jan. 1964, The 26th Proceedings, Poona: Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, 1970, Vol. IV, p. 357-61.

Zafar, Abdul Rauf, "Transmission of Hadith and biography," The Islamic Quarterly, v. 35, n.2, 1991, pp. 117-139.

Overview of the Arab accounts of the origins and importance of the isnad, followed by a list of works on the Rijal literature (biographical dictionaries), Jarh and Ta'dil, towns, ansab, etc. totalling 147 entries. These include works "whether extant or lost, published or unpublished," though it is not indicated which work belongs to which category. -BS

Zaman, Iftikhar, The Evolution of a Hadith: Transmission, Growth, and the Science of Rijal in a Hadith of Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas, Doctoral Dissertation, University of Chicago, 1991.

Detailed form- and isnâd-analysis of about 123 versions of a hadith on the issue of the "one-third restriction" on testamentary disposition. The author seeks to show the "feasibility" of a transmission scenario for the emergence of these versions. He shows that the wording, thematic structure, and other matn-based characteristics of these hadiths closely correlate with the isnâds through which they were purportedly transmitted. He argues that this phenomenon is explained well by the transmission theory. The problem is that he does not discuss in adequate detail how the other isnâd-based theories (namely the spreading isnâds theory and Juynboll's version of the common link theory) fare in explaining the data. Thus, the dissertation does not achieve its stated goal of testing the different theories of the development of hadiths against the data in order to evaluate how each one performs compared to the other ones. On the other hand, Zaman is successful in bringing into question the premises of Speight's matn-based approach to dating traditions. This thesis will be highly useful to researchers because of the raw data it provides in a meticulous and well-organized fashion. These include transliterations of over a hundred variants of the hadith the author has culled from a large number of different sources, in addition to numerous charts, diagrams, and tables. -BS

---, "The Science of rijal as a method in the study of Hadiths," Journal of Islamic Studies, vol. 5, no. 1, 1994, pp. 1-34.

This paper is based on the author's dissertation. Here, he emphasizes the phenomenon (also described in his dissertation) of the close correlation between matns and isnads. He argues that the phenomenon is what one would expect if the isnads were accurate records of the transmission history of the hadith. He also states, without substantiation, that the phenomenon is not easily explained by Western accounts of the origins of hadiths. The author deserves full credit for drawing attention to this phenomenon, and, more importantly, for pointing out that it may be best explained by the traditional theory of the transmission of hadiths. Unfortunately, however, he does not attempt to substantiate his viewpoint that other theories do not explain the data as well. Rather, he poses it as a challenge to the proponents of other theories to explain the data. In my view, based on Zaman's observations, an argument can be constructed against the "spreading isnads theory," but I don't see how or if it is effective against all versions of the "common link theory." -BS

---, review of Patricia Crone's "Meccan trade and the rise of Islam," Journal of Islamic Studies, Oxford, 1995 (first issue), pp. 92-95.

Zaman, Muhammad Qasim, "Maghazi and the muhaddithun: reconsidering the treatment of "historical" materials in early collections of hadith," IJMES 28 (1996), pp. 1-18.

Compares the maghazi sections of the hadith collections of al-Bukhari, 'Abd al-Razzaq, and Ibn Abi Shayba, exemplified in their accounts of Badr, al-Hudaybiyya, and the legitimacy of Abu Bakr's succession. Zaman reaches the conclusion that the genre of hadith works must not be treated as a single entity as hadith works differ greatly in contents, arrangement etc. -AG

---, "A venture in critical Islamic historiography and the significance of its failure," Numen, 41 i (1994) pp. 26-50.

Ziadeh, Farhat J., "Integrity ('Adalah) in Classical Islamic Law," Chapter 4 in: Heer, Nicholas (Editor), Islamic Law and Jurisprudence, University of Washington Press,Seattle and London, 1990, pp.73-93.

On the concept of the trustworthiness of hadith transmitters, witnesses, and judges (qadis). Page 88 contains a couple of "classical" jokes from the classical age on the scholarly practice of citing the chains of authorities! -BS

Zolondek, Leon, "The Sources of the Kitab al-Aghani," Arabica, Tome VIII, 1961, pp. 294-308.

---, "An Approach to the Problem of the Sources of the Kitab al-Aghani," Journal of Near Eastern Studies, vol. 19, 1960, pp. 217-34.

Zubaidi, A., "The Impact of the Qur'an and Hadith on Medieval Arabic Literature" in A.F.L. Beeston, T. M. Johnstone, R.B. Serjeant, G. R. Smith (editors), Arabic Literature to the End of the Umayyad Period, Cambridge: CUP, 1983, pp. 322-343.

Zwemer, Samuel M., "The So-called Hadith Qudsi," Muslim World, XII (1992), 263-275.

The reference (probably date) is incorrect. I need to verify the citation. Meanwhile, use with care!