Öhrnberg, K., review of Robert Simon's Meccan Trade and Islam, Acta Orientalia, vol. 54, 1993, pp. 183-84.

Ostadi, Reza, "Sad arba'in," Kayhan-e Andisheh, 1373 A.H.S. (months Farvardin and Ordibehesht), no. 53, pp. 121-135. (Persian)

This is an annotated list of one hundred books/collections of "Forty Hadiths" (arba'in), accompanied with an introduction. -BS

Ozek, Ali, Rijal al-hadith = Hadis ricali: (Hadis ilimleri ve kaynaklari), Istanbul: Fatih Matbaasi, 1967 xvi, 269 p. ; 24 cm. ("The Rijal of Hadith: Hadith sciences and authorities," Turkish).

Parshall, Phil, Inside the community: understanding Muslims through their traditions, Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Books, 1994.

This book was written by a Christian evangelist with the stated purpose of aiding Christian missionary work by providing means of understanding Muslims through the Hadith. The author explains that his knowledge of the topic came from reading the English translation of Bukhari's Sahih. Mr. Parshall, who is not entirely impartial, quotes hadiths, provides commentaries on them, and compares them with mainstream Christian doctrine. The section on Jihad begins with an amazing quote from a friend (Mary Wells) about a *four* year old Filipino Muslim boy who "was so thoroughly Muslim and so violent... that it chilled me." -BS

Pederson, Johannes, The Arabic Book, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1984.

Pelikan, Jaroslav, The Vindication of Tradition, New Haven, Yale University Press, 1984.

Penrice, John, Dictionary and the Glossary of the Koran, London, 1873.

Peters, F. E., Muhammad and the origins of Islam, Albany, State University of New York Press, 1994.

Special emphasis on pre-Islamic Arabia and its relations with surrounding civilizations. -BS

---, "The Quest of the historical Muhammad", IJMES 23 (1991), 291-315.

Peterson, Erling L., Ali and Mu'awiya in Early Arabic Tradition: Studies on the Genesis and Growth of Islamic Historical Writing until the End of the Ninth Century, Copenhagen: Munksgaard, 1964.

---, "Ali and Mu'awiya: The Rise of the Umayyad Caliphate 656-661," Acta Orientalia, xxiii (1959), 157-196.

---, "Studies on the Historiography of the 'Ali-Mu'awiya Conflict," Acta Orientalia, xxvii (1963), 83-118.

Powers, David Stephen, Studies in Quran and Hadith: The Formation of the Islamic Law of Inheritance, Berkeley, University of California Press, 1986 (Revision of Princeton Doctoral thesis, 1979).

Reviewed: Bonner, Michael, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Volume 26, Number 2, pp. 343-45, May 1994.

The book puts forward a novel interpretation of the Qur'anic legislation on inheritance. It also attempts to trace the early development (or transformation) of the Islamic law of succession. The book deals with some relevant hadiths and examines their isnads. The Asbab Nuzul genre is also considered.

One of the key Qur'anic terms discussed is the word kalala. This term appears also in certain versions of a hadith of Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas. This hadith is discussed in the book itself and in other articles by the author (1989, 1983). It was also the subject of an exchange between Coulson and Schacht and was also recently the subject of a detailed analysis in the dissertation by Iftikhar Zaman (1991). -BS

---, "On bequests of early Islam," Journal of Near Eastern Studies, Jul 1 1989, v. 48, n. 3, p. 185

Examines a Prophetic hadith dealing with Sa'd b. Waqqas's will. Argues that the "1/3 restriction" on testamentary disposition in Islamic law was instituted by the Prophet himself. Contrary to Crone, he argues that an individual hadith must be taken as authentic unless proven otherwise. -BS

---, "The Will of Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas: A Reassessment," Studia Islamica, 58 (1983): 33-53.

Criticism of Speight's analysis of the same hadith.

---, "The Islamic Law of Inheritance Reconsidered," Studia Islamica, 55 (1982i), 61-94.

---, "On the Abrogation of Bequest Verses," Arabica 29:3 (1982ii), 246-295.

---, "Orientalism, Colonialism, and Legal History: The Attack on Muslim Family Endowments in Algeria and India," Comparative studies in society and history, Jul. 01 1989, v. 31, n. 3, p. 535.

---, "The Maliki Family Endowment: Legal Norms and Social Practices," International journal of middle east studies, Aug. 01 1993, v. 25, n. 3, p. 379.

---, "The Exegetical Genre nasikh al-Qur'an wa mansukhuhu," in Approaches to the History of the Interpretation of the Qur'an, Edited by Andrew Rippin, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1988, pp. 117-138.

---, "The Islamic inheritance system: a socio-historical approach," Arab Law Quarterly, 8 i (1993) pp. 13-29.

al-Qadi, Wadad, "Early Islamic State Letters: The Question of Authenticity," in Cameron, Averil and Conrad, Lawrence (Editors), The Byzantine and Early Islamic Near East (Studies in Late Antiquity and Early Islam), The Darwin Press, Inc., Princeton, New Jersey, 1992, pp. 215-275.

---, "Madkhal ila dirasat 'uhud al-sulh al-islamiya zaman al-futuh," in Muhammad 'Adnan al-Bakhit and Ihsan 'Abbas, eds. Proceedings of the Second Symposium on the History of Bilad al-Sham During the Early Islamic Period up to 40 A.H./640 A.D., Amman, University of Jordan, 1987, II, 193-269.

---, "Biographical dictionaries: inner structure and cultural significance," The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East, Ed. G.N. Atiyeh, Albany (USA): State University of New York Press [for] the Library of Congress, 1995, pp. 93-122.

Qara'i, 'Ali Quli, " The Hadith al-Thaqalayn: Its Meaning and Narration," The Message of Thaqalayn, Part 1: vol. 1, no. 1, September 1993, pp. 13-24; Part 2: vol. 1, no. 2, January, 1994, pp. 5-31; Part 3: vol. 1, no. 3, April, 1994, pp. 25-60.