Madelung, Wilferd, Religious and Ethnic Movements in Medieval Islam, Variorum, Brookfield, 1992.

This is a collection of published papers. The relevant ones are the first three chapters. They are: "'Abd Allah b. al-Zubayr and the Mahdi," (first publ. Journal of Near Eastern Studies, XXXX, 1981, pp. 291-305), "Apocalyptic Prophesies in Hims in the Umayyad Age," (Journal of Semitic Studies, XXXI, 1986, pp. 141-185), and "The Sufyani Between Tradition and History (Studia Islamica, LXIII, 1984, pp. 5-48). The first chapter is particularly striking. -BS

---, "New documents concerning al-Ma'mun, al-Fadl b. Sahl and 'Ali al-Rida," in W. al-Qadi (ed.), Studia Arabica et Islamica: Festschrift for Ihsan 'Abbas, Beirut 1981.

Mahmud, K. Early Concepts of the Authority of hadith--Sunni and Shii Transmission in Theory and Practice, M.A. Dissertation, Birmingham, University of Birmingham, 1968-9.

Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir ibn Muhammad Taqi, 1627 or 8-ca. 1699. Majmuah-i rasail-i itiqadi, Mashhad: Bunyad-i Pizhuhishha-yi Islami-i Astan-i Quds-i Razavi, 1989, 212 p., Series: Silsilah-i risalahha-yi Farsi-i Allamah-i Majlisi; 3-9

---, The Life and Religion of Muhammad: Hilyat al-Qulub, vol. 2, Tr. Merrick, J.L., Boston, U.S.A., 1850, rp with ammendments, San Antonio: Zahra Trust, 1982, 483 pp.

---, Bihar al-anwar.

Makdisi, George, "Tabaqat-Biography: Law and Orthodoxy in Classical Islam," Islamic Studies (Islamabad), 32 (1993): 371-396.

Makdisi is mainly concerned with the schools of law and the definition of Islamic orthodoxy; however, he does comment on the connection between musannaf collections of hadith and the development of Islamic law. -CM

Reviewed by C. Melchert in: Arabica, vol. XLIV, no. 2, April 1997, pp. 308-316.

Malti-Douglas, Fedwa, "Controversy and its Effects on the Biographical Tradition of Khatib al-Baghdadi," Studia Islamica, 46, 1977, pp. 115-31.

Manzano Moreno, E., review of Kaegi's Byzantium and the early Islamic conquests, Al-Qantara: Revista de Estudios Àrabes, vol. 14, no. 2, 1993, pp. 514-517.

Margoliouth, David S., "On Muslim Tradition," Muslim World, 2(2), 1912, pp. 113-21.

Marshall, D., review of C. Gilliot's Exégèse, langue et théologie en Islam: l'exégèse coranique de Tabari (m. 311/923), Islam & Christian-Muslim Relations, vol. 4, no. 1, 1993, p. 162 (E).

Masood, Arshad, Refutation of Schacht's anti-hadith views, Zaria, Nigeria: Centre for Islamic Legal Studies, Ahmadu Bello University, 1988, 188 p.

Masri, A., An Introduction to the study of the traditional criteria used in the criticism of Hadith, Ph.D. dissertation, Cambridge, CUP, UK, 1958-9

Massignon, Louis, "Études sur les Isnad ou Chaines de Temoignage Fondamentales dans la Tradition Musulmane Hallagienne," In Mellanges Dedies a la Memoire de Felix Grat, vol. 1, Paris, 1946, pp. 385-420.

Melchert, Christopher, "Sectaries in the Six Books: Evidence for Their Exclusion From the Sunni Community," Muslim World 82 (1992): 287-295.

Includes estimates of the proportion of Shi`ah, Qadariyah, Murji'ah, etc., in each generation of transmitters, also of the number of transmitters altogether in each generation through the third/ninth century. -CM

---, "The adversaries of Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Arabica, vol. XLIV, no. 2, April 1997, pp. 234-253.

---, "George Makdisi and Wael B. Hallaq," Arabica, vol. XLIV, no. 2, April 1997, pp. 308-316.

Review of two articles: George Makdisi, "Tabaqât-Biography: Law and Orthodoxy in Classical Islam," Islamic Studies (Islamabad) 32 (1993):371-396, and Wael B. Hallaq, "Was al-Shafi'i the Master Architect of Islamic Jurisprudence?" International Journal of Middle East Studies 25 (1993): 587-605.

Metcalf, Barbara D., "Living Hadith in the Tablighi Jama'at," The Journal of Asian Studies, Volume 52, Number 3, p. 584, August, 1993.

Michaux-Bellaire, E., "Essai sur les Sama's ou la Transmission Orale," Hesperis, 1924, 4(345-55).

Mizzi, Yusuf ibn al-Zaki 'Abd al-Rahman, d. 742/1256-1341, Kashshaf 'an abwab maraji' Tuhfat al-ashraf bi-ma'rifat al-atraf: faharis kutub al-usul al-sittah wa-abwabuha ma' raqam kull kitab wa-bab m 'amal 'Abd al-Samad Sharaf al-Din. al-Tab'ah 2., ma' al-idafah wa-al-tarmim wa-al-taswib. Bhiwandi, al-Hind : al-Dar al-Qayyimah, 1981.

---, Tuhfat al-ashraf bi-ma'rifat al-atraf, li-Jamal al-Din Abi al-Hajjaj Yusuf ibn al-Zaki 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Yusuf al-Mizzi. Ma'a al-Nukat al-ziraf 'ala al-atraf, ta'liqat Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani.... Bhiwandi : al-Dar al-Qayyimah, 1965-1982.

On this work, see the following references: G.H.A. Juynboll , "Some Isnad-Analytical Methods Illustrated on the Basis of Several Woman-Demeaning Sayings from Hadith Literature," al-Qantara, X (1989), 343-84; G.H.A. Juynboll, "al-Mizzi," New Encyclopedia of Islam (M- pp.212-213); and G.H.A. Juynboll "Musnad," in New Encyclopedia of Islam (M- pp. 705-7). -BS

Modarressi, Hossein, Crisis and Consolidation in the Formative Period of Shi'ite Islam, Abu Ja'far ibn Qiba al-Razi and His Contributions to Imamite Shi'ite Thought, The Darwin Press, Inc., Princeton, 1993.

---, An Introduction to Shi'i Law: A Bibliographical Study, London: Ithaca Press, 1984.

---, Kharaj in Islamic Law, London: Anchor Press, 1983.

---, "Early Debates on the Integrity of the Qur'ân: a brief survey," Studia Islamica, vol. 77, 1993, pp. 5-39.

---, "Some recent analyses of the concept of Majaz in Islamic Jurisprudence," Journal of the American Oriental Society, 106 (1986).

---, Zamin dar Fiqh-i Islami [Land in Islamic Law], 2 vols., Tehran, 1983-84.

Morony, Michael G., "Conceptualization of the Past and the Origins of Islamic Historiography," in Lawrence I. Conrad, ed., History and Historiography in Early Islamic Times: Studies and Perspectives, Princeton, Darwin Press, 1994.

Said to be forthcoming.

---, review of Robert Simon, Meccan Trade and Islam: Problems of Origin and Structure in Journal of Near Eastern Studies, vol. 53, no. 2, 1994, pp. 154-156.

Mossay, J., review of Irfan Shahid's Byzantium and the Arabs in the fifth century, Le Muséon, vol. 102, 1989, pp. 387-388 (F).

Motzki, Harald, "The Musannaf of 'Abd al-Razzaq al-San'ani as a Source of Authentic Ahadith of the First Century A.H." Journal of Near Eastern Studies , (1991) 50:1,pp. 1-21.

Based on analysis of a portion of Abd al-Razzaq's Musannaf, the author establishes a correlation between the qualities of a large number of hadiths and the isnad through which they were purportedly transmitted. The author argues that the correlation implies that the isnads were in general not randomly attached to matns, and hence the matns are for the most part likely to be genuinely attributed. Furthermore, intrinsic qualities --such as an authority's criticism of what he transmitted from his teacher-- are also employed to argue for the historicity of the transmissions. A reference is made to the relative scarcity of Prophetic traditions on Ibn `Abbas's authority in the Musannaf, and the proliferation of such traditions in some later collections (p. 14, see also Crone, 1987, p. 33). Finally, the article examines some specific hadiths and legal rulings which J. Schacht had earlier attempted to date. For some comments on this study, see Cook (1992). Motzki says that his arguments are more developed in his book, which is cited next. -BS

---, Die Anfange der islamischen Jurisprudenz: ihre Entwicklung in Mekka bis zur Mitte des 2./8. Jahrhunderts, Stuttgart: Deutsche Morgenlandische Gesellschaft: Kommissionsverlag F. Steiner, 1991. Series title: Abhandlungen fur die Kunde des Morgenlandes; Bd. L, 2., Pp. ix + 292, price: DM 96.

Reviewed by Irene Schneider in the Journal of the American Oriental Society, 114.4 (1994), pp. 684-685; G. R. Hawting in BSOAS 59 (1996): 141-143.

From Schneider's review, it appears that in addition to the material in the article cited above, the book is a research on the origins of Islamic law. Furthermore, Schneider says that Motzki "attempts, through a detailed analysis of Meccan transmitters and with the help of examples taken from family law, i.e., the K. an-nikah and K. at-talaq (pp. 67ff.), to show that many traditions can be safely assumed to be genuine, stemming from the time of the Companions and Successors. He is convinced that traditions originating from the Prophet existed and were known." -BS

---, Quellenstudien zur entstehung der Islamischen Jurisprudenz: Die Mekkanische Rechtsschule bis zur mitte des 2./8. Jahrunderts, Habilatationsschrift, Hambourg, 1988.

---, "Wal-muhsanatu mina n-nisa'i illa ma malakat aimanukum (Koran 4:24) und die koranische Sexualethik, Der Islam, vol. 63, 1986, pp. 57-65.

---, "Der Fiqh des Zuhrî, Der Islam, vol. 68, 1991, pp. 1-44.

---, "Volwassen worden in de vroeg-islamitische periode: maatschappelijke en juridische gevolgen," Sharqiyyât, vol. 6, no. 1, 1994, pp. 55-70.

---, "Quo vadis, Hadit-Forschung? Eine kritische Untersuchung von G.H.A. Juynboll: 'Nafi' the mawla of Ibn 'Umar, and his position in Muslim Hadit Literature,'" Der Islam, vol. 73, no. 1, 1996, pp. 40-80.

For a fairly detailed summary of this article, select this. -AG

Mudir-i Shanachi, Kazim, 'Ilm al-hadis, Mashhad, Chapkhanah-i Danishgah, 1344/1965.

Muir, William, Sir, 1819-1905. The Mohammedan controversy; Biographies of Mohammed Sprenger on tradition; The Indian liturgy; and, The Psalter, Edinburgh, T. & T. Clark, 1897, 220 p., [1] folded leaf; 23 cm.

Müller, W.W., review of Irfan Shahid's Byzantium and the Arabs in the fifth century, Bibliotheca Orientalis, vol. 48, 1991, pp. 921-929 (G).

Muth, Franz-Christoph, Die Annalen von at-Tabari im Spiegel der europaischen Bearbeitungen, Frankfurt am Main: Verlag Peter Lang, 1983.