VERSION 2.3 (Dec. 7, 2007)

Political Science 327: The Politics of the Metropolis
University of Michigan
Fall 2007

Gregory B. Markus
Professor of Political Science and Research Professor, Center for Political Studies
6735 Haven Hall
(734) 763-2222, gmarkus@umich.edu
Office hours: Tuesdays, 1:00pm to 2:30 pm, or by appt.

CLICK HERE FOR SHORT PAPER TOPICS
 

COURSE OVERVIEW

It is in your interest to understand three important things about this course.

The first is that, consistent with the official mission of the University of Michigan, the purpose of this course is to develop your capacities as "leaders and citizens who will challenge the present and enrich the future" so as to improve the quality of life in cities and the larger metropolitan areas in which they are embedded. In other words, this course is not intended for your private edification only but rather for you to put to active use for public purposes -- including right now.

The second is that by registering for this course you agree to assume a share of responsibility for making it a learning experience for your classmates as well as for yourself. Sometimes that means posing a question, offering an answer, or providing a brief oral report in class on a supplementary reading or event.

The third is that a significant part of the learning in this course will occur outside of the classroom and from sources other than readings. Expect to attend relevant presentations, films, or workshops outside of class during the semester. As part of this course many of you will also participate in field trips or do research in the Detroit metro area. This is not a particularly difficult course in terms of its subject matter, but doing well in it will require a fair measure of your time and energy.

Grading

Course grading is on a no-curve 100-point system. Since I do not grade on a curve, there is no competition among you for a pre-set number of "A" grades.  To the contrary, I encourage cooperation, studying together, and learning from one another. Of course, all work you submit must be your own.

Short Papers. You will write five papers of 1000 words each over the course of the semester on assigned topics. Because this course satisfies LSA's upper-level writing requirement (ULWR), expect to revise and resubmit at least one paper. Each paper is worth 10 points, for a total of 50 points.

Semester Project. You will develop and complete a semester project, worth 30 points, that involves integrating scholarly literature and your own original research on a topic that relates to our course. Collaborative projects are permitted, even encouraged. Plan to submit to me by September 29 a one-page proposal (by email) that includes: (1) a summary of the topic you propose to study and how you plan to do your research, (2) a list of collaborators (if any), and (3) a list of three key books or articles that will inform your research. I will meet with each individual or team to discuss the proposed semester project. Your project must extend existing knowledge, not merely summarize what is already known, and it must have an explicit action implication. That is, it should offer recommendations for policies or practices that address an important metropolitan issue. The suggested length of the final project report is 3000 words (per collaborator) plus any accompanying material, such as charts or graphs, (i.e., two collaborators equals 6000 words). Your project report is due in class on December 10, with a no-penalty grace period until noon, December 17.

Personal Initiative. The remaining 20 points will be based on (1) your contribution to our learning as a group, such as through class discussions or outside study groups (10 points), and (2) your participation in course-relevant out-of-class activities (10 points). You are expected to participate in five out-of-class activities, such as relevant events on campus, city or county government meetings, and community events. Participation in one of our planned daylong field trips to Detroit (probably held on Fridays) counts as two activities. If you wish, you may participate in one additional activity for extra credit. Within three days of your participation in an activity, please submit to me by email a brief (couple of paragraphs) report on what you did and how it served to deepen your understanding of some aspect of urban politics. These reports are intended to take no more than 15 minutes each to compose.

Course Readings

Lectures supplement the readings, not substitute for them -- and vice versa. We will read most or all of two books, which are available in paperback:

Ross, Bernard H., and Myron A. Levine. 2006. Urban Politics: Power in Metropolitan America, 7th ed. Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth.

Sugrue, Thomas J. 1996. The Origins of the Urban Crisis: Race and Inequality in Postwar Detroit. Princeton: Princeton University Press. (Either the first or second edition is fine.)

All other required course readings (marked with an asterisk) will be available through the course Website, which is available on the Web through a link from my homepage: http://www.umich.edu/~gmarkus/. The supplementary readings (no asterisk) are useful as sources for the semester projects, and I also draw on them (and other sources) for lectures.

Many journal articles are available online through services such as JSTOR and ProQuest. A good way to locate journals online is to search for the journal title in MIRLYN. If you are unfamiliar with how to use such services, please ask a librarian to show you how. It is a valuable skill for you to develop. Online (free) registration to the New York Times may be required to access many of its articles.

COURSE OUTLINE

1. Introduction to the Course and to Urban Politics (Sep. 5)

* Wyly, Elvin K., Norman J. Glickman, and Michael L. Lahr. 1998. "A Top 10 List of Things To Know About American Cities," Cityscape, 3 (3): 7-32.

Monti, Daniel J., Jr. 2000. "Why cities still matter," Society, 38 (1): 19-27.
 

2. Urban Assets and Challenges (Sep. 10)

* Ross and Levine, ch. 1-3.

* Reich, Robert. 1991. "The secession of the successful," New York Times Magazine, (Jan. 20): 16-17+.

* Montemurri, Patricia, Kathleen Gray, and Cecil Angel. 2005. "Detroit tops nation in poverty census," Detroit Free Press (Aug. 31).

* Kurth, Joel, et al. 2001. "Region is diverse, not mixed: Metro Detroit is most segregated area in nation, census shows," Detroit News (April 1).

Glaeser, Edward L. 2005. "Smart growth: education, skilled workers, and the future of cold-weather cities." Cambridge, MA: J. F. Kennedy School of Government.

Katz, Bruce. 2000. "Enough of the small stuff! Toward a new urban agenda," Brookings Review, 18 (3): 4-9.

Nivola, Pietro S. 1999. "Are Europe's cities better?" Public Interest, 137 (Fall): 73-85.

 
3. City Government: Structure, Power, and Limits (Sep. 12, 17, 19)

* Ross and Levine, ch. 4 - 7, 14 - 15.

* Rivlin, Gary. 2006. "All parts of city in rebuild plan of New Orleans," New York Times (Jan. 8).

Hayward, Clarissa Rile. 1998. "De-facing power," Polity, 31 (1): 1-22.

Briffault, Richard. 1990. "Our localism: Part I – The structure of local government law," Columbia Law Review, 90 (January): 1-115.

Briffault, Richard. 1990. "Our localism: Part II – localism and legal theory," Columbia Law Review, 90 (March): 346-454.

Frug, Gerald E. 1980. "The city as a legal concept," Harvard Law Review, 93 (6): 1057-1154.

Rae, Douglas W. 2003. City: Urbanism and Its End. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Burns, Nancy. 1994. The Formation of American Local Governments: Private Values in Public Institutions. New York: Oxford University Press.
  

4. Civil Society, Democracy, and Place (Sep. 24, 26)

* Ross and Levine, ch. 8.

* Walljasper, Jay 1997. "When activists win: the renaissance of Dudley St." The Nation, March 3. See also the DSNI Website.

* To be shown in class: Mahan, Leah and Mark Lipman. 1996. "Holding Ground: The Rebirth of Dudley Street." Documentary video available at U-M Film and Video Library.

* Sampson, Robert J., Doug McAdam, Heather MacIndoe, and Simón Weffer-Elizondo. 2005. "Civil society reconsidered: The durable nature and community structure of collective civic action," American Journal of Sociology, 111 (3): 673-715.

Lang, Robert E., and Steven P. Hornburg (1998) "What is social capital and why is it important to public policy?" Housing Policy Debate, 9 (1), pp. 1-16.

DeFilippis, James 2001. "The myth of social capital in community development," Housing Policy Debate, 12 (4): 781-806.

Sklar, Holly, and Peter Medoff (1994) Streets of Hope: The Fall and Rise of an Urban Neighborhood. Boston: South End Press.

5. Mediating Institutions, Leadership, and Participation (Oct 1, 3)

* Kretzmann, John P. 1995. "Building communities from the inside out," Shelterforce (Sept./Oct.)

* Ganz, Marshall. 2002. "What is organizing," Social Policy, 33 (1): 16-17.

* Obama, Barack. 1990. "Why organize? Problems and promise in the inner city." In Peg Knoepfle (ed.), After Alinsky: Community Organizing in Illinois. Springfield, IL: Illinois Issues, University of Illinois at Springfield, Ch. 4.

* Dahle, Cheryl (1999) "Social justice - Ernesto Cortes, Jr." Fast Company, 30 (Dec.)

* Warren, Mark R. 1998. "Community building and political power: a community organizing approach to democratic renewal," American Behavioral Scientist, 42 (1): 78-92.

* Speer, Paul W., et al. 2003. "The intentional exercise of power: Community organizing in Camden, New Jersey," Journal of Community and Applied Psychology, 13: 399-408.

Parachini, Larry, and Sally Covington. 2001. "Types of CO groups and the work they do." The Community Organizing Toolbox. Washington, DC: National Funders Group.

Freeman, Jo. 1972-73. "The tyranny of structurelessness," Berkeley Journal of Sociology, 17: 151-165.

Ramsay, Meredith. 1998. "Redeeming the city: Exploring the relationship between church and metropolis," Urban Affairs Review, 33 (5): 595-626. READ pp. 602-621.

Stoecker, Randy. 2003. "Understanding the development-organizing dialectic," Journal of Urban Affairs, 25 (4): 493-512.

Cortes, Ernesto (1993) "Reweaving the fabric: The Iron Rule and the IAF strategy for power and politics." In Henry G. Cisneros, ed., Interwoven Destinies. New York: Norton, pp. 295-319.
 

6. Racism, Deindustrialization, and the Urban Crisis (Oct 8, 10)

* Sugrue, Thomas J. 1996. The Origins of the Urban Crisis: Race and Inequality in Postwar Detroit. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

* Grant-Thomas, Andrew, and john a. powell (2006) "Toward a structural racism framework," Poverty and Race (Nov/Dec).

* Morin, Richard. 2001. "Misperceptions cloud whites' view of blacks," Washington Post (July 11), p. A1.

Read about Hastings Street and "Paradise Valley" in Detroit.

Massey, Douglas S.  1990. "American apartheid: segregation and the making of the underclass," American Journal of Sociology, 96 (2): 329-357.

Pattillo-McCoy, Mary. 2000. "The limits of out-migration for the Black middle class," Journal of Urban Affairs, 22 (3): 225-241.

Farley, Reynolds, Sheldon Danziger, and Harry J. Holzer. 2000. Detroit Divided. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

Thabit, Walter. 2002. How East New York Became a Ghetto. New York: New York University Press.

Browning, Rufus P., Marshall, Dale Rogers, and David H. Tabb, eds. 1997. Racial Politics in American Cities, 2nd ed. New York: Longman.

Drake, St. Claire and Horace Cayton. 1993 [1945]. Black Metropolis. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
 

7. Urban Poverty: Causes, Consequences, Tragedies and Injustices (Oct 17, 22)

* Teitz, Michael B., and Karen Chapple (1998) "The causes of inner-city poverty: Eight hypotheses in search of reality," Cityscape, 3 (3): 33-70.

* Small, Mario Luis and Katherine Newman. 2001. "Urban poverty after The Truly Disadvantaged: the rediscovery of the family, the neighborhood, and culture," Annual Review of Sociology, 27: 23-45.

* Ross and Levine, pp. 327-328, 330-334 (on the feminization of urban poverty)

* Smith, Joel J. 2007. "26,000 apply for 1,000 casino jobs," Detroit News (March 28).

Elliott, James R. 2004. "The work of cities: Underemployment and urban change in late-20th-Century America," Cityscape, 7 (1): 107-133.

John Iceland (1997) "Urban labor markets and individual transitions out of poverty," Demography, 34 (3): 429-441.

Newman, Katherine S. 1999. No Shame in My Game: The Working Poor in the Inner City.  Excerpted in: Newman, Katherine, and Chauncy Lennon. 1995. "The job ghetto," The American Prospect, 6 (22).

Anderson, Elijah. 1994. "The code of the streets," Atlantic Monthly (May): 80+ (11 pp.)

Steinberg, Stephen. 1997. "The role of racism in the inequality studies of William Julius Wilson," Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, 15 (Spring): 109-117.

Edin, Kathryn. 2000. "Few good men: Why poor women don't remarry," The American Prospect, 11(4).

Holzer, Harry J., Paul Offner, and Elaine Sorensen. 2004. "Declining employment among young black less-educated men: The role of incarceration and child support." Madison, WI: Institute for Research on Poverty.

Duneier, Mitchell. 1992. Slim's Table: Race, Respectability, and Masculinity. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. (Reviewed by Rosalind A. Morgan.)

Hartigan, John, Jr. 1999. Racial Situations: Class Predicaments of Whiteness in Detroit. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Wilson, William J. 1996. When Work Disappears. New York: Vintage.

U.S. Census Bureau latest information on poverty in the U.S.

 8. Ethno-Cultural Transformation of Cities (Oct. 24)

* Fix, Michael E. and Jeffrey S. Passel. 2001. U.S. Immigration at the Beginning of the 21st Century. Washington, DC: Urban Institute.

* Lowenstein, Roger (2006) "The immigration equation," New York Times Magazine (July 9).

* Logan, John R. 2003. "America's Newcomers." Albany, NY: Lewis Mumford Center for Comparative Urban and Regional Research, University at Albany.

Larsen, Luke J. 2004. "The Foreign-Born Population in the United States: 2003." Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau.

James, Franklin J., Jeff A. Romine, and Peter E. Zwanzig. 1998. "The effects of immigration on urban communities," Cityscape 3 (3): 171-192.

Borjas, George J. 1995. "Know the flow; nine immigration myths," National Review (April 17): 44-50.

Jones-Correa, Michael. 2001. "Structural shifts and institutional capacity: possibilities for ethnic cooperation and conflict in urban settings." In Michael Jones-Correa, ed. Governing Cities: Inter-Ethnic Coalitions, Competition, and Conflict. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, pp. 183-209.

Logan, John R. 2001. "From many shores: Asians in Census 2000" (Albany, NY: Lewis Mumford Center, SUNY Albany).

Suro, Roberto and Audrey Singer. 2002. "Latino growth in metropolitan America: Changing patterns, new locations." Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.

Baker, Wayne, et al. 2004. Preliminary Findings from the Detroit Arab American Study. Ann Arbor: ISR.

Smith, James P. and Barry Edmonston, eds. 1997. The New Americans: Economic, Demographic, and Fiscal Effects of Immigration. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences Press.

Huntington, Samuel P. (2004) "The Hispanic challenge," Foreign Policy (March/April). (free registration required)

Bobo, Lawrence D., Melvin L. Oliver, James H. Johnson, Jr., et al. 2000. Prismatic Metropolis: Inequality in Los Angeles. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

Waldinger, Roger. 1996. Still the Promised City? African Americans and New Immigrants in Postindustrial New York. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

 
9. Urban Transformation in a Post-Industrial Age (Oct 29, 31)

* Porter, Michael E. 1995. "The competitive advantage of the inner city," Harvard Business Review, 73 (May-June): 55-71.

* Goozner, Merrill. 1998. "The Porter prescription," The American Prospect, 38, May-June.

* Eisinger, Peter. 2000. "The politics of bread and circuses: Building the city for the visitor class," Urban Affairs Review, 35 (3): 316-333.

Florida, Richard. 2002. "The rise of the creative class," Washington Monthly (May).

Ross and Levine, pp. 279-283 (on Business Improvement Districts, or BIDs)

Hawken, Paul, Amory Lovins, and L. Hunter Lovins. 1999. Natural Capitalism. Boston: Little, Brown. Chapter 14.

Franklin, Rachel S. 2003. "Migration of the young, single, and college-educated, 1995-2000." Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau.

Nyden, Philip , John Lukehart, Michael T. Maly, and William Peterman. 1998. "Conclusion." In Philip Nyden et al., eds. Racially and Ethnically Diverse Urban Neighborhoods. Cityscape, 4 (2): 261-269.

Sittenfeld, Curtis. 1999. "Hope is a weapon," Fast Company, 22 (Feb.), p. 178.

Guyette, Curt. 2001. "Down a green path: An alternative vision for a section of east Detroit takes shape," Metrotimes, Oct. 31.

Boudette, Neal E. 2006. "Civics lesson: Kalamazoo, Mich., pegs revitalization on a tuition plan," Wall Street Journal (March 10), p. A1.

Saxenian, AnnaLee. 1996. "Inside-out: regional networks and industrial adaptation in Silicon Valley and Route 128," Cityscape, 2 (2): 41-60.

Dewar, Margaret E. 1998. "Why state and local economic development programs cause so little economic development," Economic Development Quarterly, 12 (1): 68-87.

 10. Regionalism, and Metropolitics, I: Sprawl (Nov. 5, 7)

*View online: Cook, Christopher M. 2001. "The Sprawling of America: Inner City Blues" (55 minutes).

* Downs, Anthony. 1998. "The big picture: How America's cities are growing," Brookings Review, 16 (4), pp. 8-12. (.pdf)

* Ross and Levine, ch. 11.

* Gallagher, John. 1999. "Government choices sped Detroit's blight," Detroit Free Press. April 10.

* Grant, Peter. 2001. "Sprawl thins populations of older suburbs; Rapid development at fringes is leaving hollowed-out cores," Wall Street Journal (July 9), p. A2.

* Katz, Bruce and Jennifer Bradley. 1999. "Divided we sprawl," Atlantic Monthly, 284 (December): 26-42.

* Patterson, L. Brooks. "Sprawl, Schmall... Give Me More Development."

* Easterbrook, Gregg. 1999. "Suburban myth," The New Republic, March 15, p. 18.

LeRoy, Greg, Allison Lack, and Karla Walter. 2006. The Geography of Incentives: Economic Development and Land Use in Michigan. Washington, DC: Good Jobs First.

Good Jobs First. 2007. "Gold collar: How state job subsidies in the Chicago region favor affluent suburbs."

Brooks, David. 2002. "Patio Man and the Sprawl People," The Weekly Standard (Aug. 12). (Multipart article. See also Part 2.)

Gillham, Oliver. 2002. The Limitless City: A Primer on the Urban Sprawl Debate. Washington, DC: Island Press.

Garreau, Joel. 1991. Edge City: Life on the New Frontier, New York: Doubleday.

Jackson, Kenneth T. 1985. Crabgrass Frontier: The Suburbanization of the United States. New York: Oxford University Press.

Metropolitan Land Use Institute, "Growth Management in Michigan" Website. (Lots of useful articles and resources)

 
11. Regionalism, and Metropolitics, II: The Marketplace and the Market of Places (Nov. 12, 14)

* Ross and Levine, ch. 12, 13.

* Gurwitt, Rob (1998) "The quest for common ground," Governing Magazine (June), pp. 16+.

* Voith, Richard. 1996. "Central city decline: Regional or neighborhood solutions?" Business Review (March/April).

* Swanstrom, Todd. 2001. "What we argue about when we argue about regionalism," Journal of Urban Affairs, 23 (5): 479-496. (MIRLYN)

* Lambert, Bruce. 2006. "'First' Suburbs Growing Older and Poorer, Report Warns," New York Times (Feb. 16).

Imbroscio, David L. 2006. "Shaming the inside game: A critique of the liberal expansionist approach to addressing urban problems," Urban Affairs Review, 42 (2): 224-248.

Swanstrom, Todd. 2006. "Regionalism, equality, and democracy," Urban Affairs Review, 42 (2): 249-257.

Wyly, Elvin, and Tyler Pearce. 2006. "He got game," Urban Affairs Review, 42 (2): 258-266.

Puentes, Robert and David Warren. 2006. "One-Fifth of America: A Comprehensive Guide to America's First Suburbs." Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.

Haughwout, Andrew F. 2000. "The paradox of infrastructure investment: can a productive good reduce productivity?" Brookings Review, 18 (3): 38-41.

Ostrom, Vincent, Charles M. Tiebout, and Robert Warren. 1961. "The organization of government in metropolitan areas: a theoretical inquiry," American Political Science Review, 55 (4): 831-842.

King, Loren A. 2004. "Democratic hopes in the polycentric city," Journal of Politics, 66 (1): 203–223.

Frug, Gerald E. 2002. "Beyond regional government," Harvard Law Review, 115 (6): 1763-1836.

Glaeser, Edward L. 1998. "The future of urban research: non-market interactions." In William G. Gale and Janet Rothenberg Pack, eds. Brookings-Wharton: Papers on Urban Affairs 2000. Washinton, DC: Brookings Institution Press.

Kollman, Ken, John H. Miller, and Scott E. Page. 1997. "Political institutions and sorting in a Tiebout model," American Economic Review, 87 (5): 977-992.

Orbell, John M. and Toru Uno, 1972. "A theory of neighborhood problem solving: political action vs. residential mobility," American Political Science Review, 66 (2): 471-489.

Pastor, Manuel, Jr., Peter Dreier, Eugene Grigsby III, and Marta Lopez-Garza. 1998. "Growing together: Linking regional and community development in a changing economy," Shelterforce, (Jan./Feb.).

Voith, Richard. 1998. "Do suburbs need cities?" Journal of Regional Science, 38 (3): 445-464.

Orfield, Myron. 1998. "Conflict or consensus: Forty years of Minnesota metropolitan politics," Brookings Review, Fall, 16 (4).

Briffault, Richard. 2000. "Localism and regionalism," Buffalo Law Review, 48 (Winter): 1-30. (Available via Lexis-Nexis)

Dreier, Peter J., John H. Mollenkopf, and Todd Swanstrom. 2004. Place Matters: Metropolitics for the Twenty-first Century, 2nd ed. Lawrence, KS: University of Kansas Press.

Beito, David T., Peter Gordon, and Alexander Tabarrok, eds. 2002. The Voluntary City: Choice, Community and Civil Society. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. 
 

12. Regionalism, and Metropolitics, III: Regional Transportation (Nov. 19) NO CLASS Weds, Nov. 21

* Meredith, Robyn. 1998. "Job-seeking Detroiters cannot get to where the jobs are," New York Times (May 26).

* Egan, Timothy. 1999. "Concrete choices: Freeways, their costs and 2 cities' destinies," New York Times, July 14, p. A1.

* Weyrich, Paul M., and William S. Lind (n.d.) "Conservatives and Mass Transit: Is it Time for a New Look?" Washington, DC: Free Congress Foundation.

* Downs, Anthony. 2004. "Traffic: Why it's getting worse, what government can do." Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.

Grengs, Joe. 2005. "Fighting for balanced transportation in the Motor City," Progressive Planning (Spring).

Schneider, Keith. 2006. "Trains, planes and (fewer) automobiles," Metrotimes (March 8).

Bullard, Robert D., Glenn S. Johnson, and Angel O. Torres. 2002. "Transportation Justice for All: Addressing Equity in the 21st Century." (Atlanta: Clark Atlanta University Environmental Justice Resource Center). (.pdf)

Gross, Jane. 1995. "Getting there the hard way, every day," Los Angeles Times, July 16, p. A1.

Barrows, Matthew. 2002. "L.A. success speeds bus rapid transit," Sacramento Bee, Oct. 14.

Murray, Mark. 2000. "Seeking justice in roads and runways," National Journal, 32 (March 4): 712.

Metropolitan Land Use Institute, "Transportation" Website. (Lots of useful articles and resources)
 

13. Providing Public Services: Public Education (Nov 26, 28)

* Ross and Levine, pp. 289-301.

* Darling-Hammond, Linda. 1998. "Unequal opportunity: Race and education," Brookings Review, 16 (2), pp. 28-32.

* Traub, James. 2000. "What no school can do," New York Times Magazine (Jan. 26).

* Shirley, Dennis. 2001. "Patience and politics: Alliance Schools develop parental leadership," Shelterforce (July/Aug.)

* Rothstein, Richard. 2001. "Reducing poverty could increase school achievement," New York Times, March 7.

* Rothstein, Richard. 2001. "Assessing money's role in making schools better," New York Times, Nov. 14.

* Sunderman, Gail L., James S. Kim, and Gary Orfield. 2005. NCLB Meets School Realities: Lessons From the Field. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press. Chapter 1.

Center on Education Policy. 2007. "Answering the Question That Matters Most: Has Student Achievement Increased Since No Child Left Behind?"Washington, DC: Center on Education Policy.

Jennings, Jack, and Diane Stark Rentner. 2006. "Ten Big Effects of the No Child Left Behind Act on Public Schools." Washington, DC: Center on Education Policy.

Lee, Valerie E., and David T. Burkam (2002) Inequality at the Starting Gate. Washington, DC: Economic Policy Institute. (Executive summary)

Reed, Douglas S. 2001. On Equal Terms: The Constitutional Politics of Educational Opportunity. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
 

14. Providing Public Services: Housing (Dec. 3)

* Dreier, Peter, and David Moberg. 1996. "Moving from the 'hood: the mixed success of integrating suburbia," The American Prospect, 7 (24).

* Kennedy, Maureen, and Paul Leonard. 2001. "Dealing with neighborhood change: a primer on gentrification and policy choices." Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.

* Swope, Christopher. 2003. "Section 8 is broken," ShelterForce, 123 (Jan./Feb.).

* Uchitelle, Louis. 2001. "By listening, 3 economists show slums hurt the poor," New York Times, Feb. 18. (A full report of the study by Lawrence Katz et al. that is featured in this news story is available from the NBER Website.)

Bajaj, Vikas, and Ford Fessenden. 2007. "What's behind the race gap?" New York Times (Nov. 4).

French, Ron. 2007. "From Birmingham to Detroit, no Metro city is immune," Detroit News (Nov. 27).

Wilgoren, Jodi. 2002. "Detroit urban renewal without the renewal," New York Times (July 7).

Seliga, Joseph. 2000. "Gautreaux a generation later: The second ghetto or creating the third?" Northwestern University Law Review, 94 (3): 1049-1098.

Dewan, Shaila. 2006. "Gentrification changing face of new Atlanta," New York Times (March 11).

Davis, Mike. 2006. "Who is killing New Orleans?" The Nation (April 10).

Von Hoffman, Alexander. 2003. House by House, Block by Block: The Rebirth of America's Urban Neighborhoods. New York: Oxford University Press. Chapter 1 is available online.

Venkatesh, Sudhir. 2000, American Project: The Rise and Fall of a Modern Ghetto. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Shelterforce Magazine articles about CDCs.

Housing Policy Debate, quarterly journal of the Fannie Mae Foundation.
 

15. Providing Public Services: Safety and Health (Dec. 5, 10)

A. Public Safety

* Western, Bruce. 2006. Punishment and Inequality in America. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Introduction.

* Anonymous. 2002. "A stigma that never fades," Economist (Aug. 10).

* Wilson, James Q., and George L. Kelling. 1989. "Making neighborhoods safe," Atlantic Monthly, 263 (2), pp. 46-52.

* Hurley, Dan (2004) "On crime as science (a neighbor at a time)," New York Times (Jan. 6).

* Ceraso, Karen. 1997. "Partners in policing," Shelterforce, 2 (March/April).

Butterfield, Fox. 2004. "Despite drop in crime, an increase in inmates," New York Times (Nov. 8).

Currie, Elliott. 1998. Crime and Punishment in America. New York: Metropolitan Books. Chapter 1.

Harcourt, Bernard E. 2002. "Policing disorder," Boston Review (April/May).

Sampson, Robert J., Stephen Raudenbush, and Felton Earls. 1997. "Neighborhoods and violent crime: A multi-level study of collective efficacy." Science, 277: 918-924.

U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics

Traub, James. 2001. "Giuliani internalized," New York Times Magazine, Feb. 11, pp. 62+.

von Zielbauer, Paul. 2003. "Rethinking the key thrown away," New York Times (Sept. 28).

Butterfield, Fox. 2003. "With cash tight, states reassess long jail terms," New York Times (Nov. 10).

Harcourt, Bernard E. 2001. Illusion of Order: The False Promise of Broken Windows Policing. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Skogan, Wesley, ed. 2003. Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing: The Evidence. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.

B. Public Health

* Epstein, Helen. 2003. "Enough to make you sick?" New York Times Magazine (Oct. 12).

* Little, Amanda Griscom. 2007. "Not in whose backyard?" New York Times (Sept. 2).

* McKnight, John. 1995. "Politicizing health care." In John McKnight, The Careless Society. New York: Basic Books.

Corburn, Jason. 2004. "Confronting the challenges in reconnecting urban planning and public health," American Journal of Public Health, 94 (4): 541-546.

Pace, David. 2006. "More blacks live with pollution," (Associated Press).

Perez-Pena, Richard. 2003. "An everyday struggle for breath; Childhood asthma project reaches out in Harlem," New York Times (May 1), p. B1.

Noble, Holcomb B. 1999. "Far more poor children are hospitalized for asthma, study shows," New York Times, July 27, p. B1.

Bullard, Robert D., Glenn S. Johnson, and Angel O. Torres. 2000. Race, Equity, and Smart Growth. Atlanta: Environmental Justice Resource Center.

Bryant, Bunyan, ed. 1995. Environmental Justice: Issues, Policies, and Solution. Washington, D.C.: Island Press.